Collapse characterization and shock mitigation by elastomeric metastructures

Vuyk, Peter; Harne, Ryan L.

doi:10.1016/j.eml.2020.100682

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…AM allows designers to exercise even more design freedom, enabling higher tunability in material response than is possible in stochastic materials. [39,44] Townsend et al [34] investigate the quasistatic compression of pleated honeycomb structures, demonstrating specific impact energy absorption properties that rival polymeric foams while offering higher design flexibilityspecifically, continuous control over the undesirable stress softening behavior typical of honeycomb structures. The authors extend this work [45] to investigate the energy absorption behavior of pre-deformed hollow cylindrical structures under quasistatic and impact loading.…”

Section: Materials Selection For Energy Absorbersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Impact testing remains the most reliable means of understanding the performance of impact absorbing materials in conditions that closely mimic practical use cases. It is well known that the macroscale stress-strain response of metamaterials made from a variety of base materials is strainrate-dependent [41,44] . Our fabricated samples show rate-dependent macroscale response over two orders of magnitude variation on loading rate (Figure 3E,F).…”

Section: Impact Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

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Tunable Metamaterials for Impact Mitigation

Smith,

Hayes,

Ford

et al. 2024

Adv Materials Technologies

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Traditional methods of shielding fragile goods and human tissues from impact energy rely on isotropic foam materials. The mechanical properties of these foams are inferior to an emerging class of metamaterials called plate lattices, which have predominantly been fabricated in simple 2.5‐dimensional geometries using conventional methods that constrain the feasible design space. In this work, additive manufacturing is used to relax these constraints and realize plate lattice metamaterials with nontrivial, locally varying geometry. The limitations of traditional computer‐aided design tools are circumvented and allow the simulation of complex buckling and collapse behaviors without a manual meshing step. By validating these simulations against experimental data from tests on fabricated samples, sweeping exploration of the plate lattice design space is enabled. Numerical and experimental tests demonstrate plate lattices absorb up to six times more impact energy at equivalent densities relative to foams and shield objects from impacts ten times more energetic while transmitting equivalent peak stresses. In contrast to previous investigations of plate lattice metamaterials, designs with nonuniform geometric prebuckling in the out‐of‐plane direction is explored and showed that these designs exhibit 10% higher energy absorption efficiency on average and 25% higher in the highest‐performing design.

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Section: Materials Selection For Energy Absorbersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Impact Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

Tunable Metamaterials for Impact Mitigation

Smith,

Hayes,

Ford

et al. 2024

Adv Materials Technologies

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“…These properties may include a negative Poisson's ratio (auxetic materials), [ 1,2 ] negative or anisotropic stiffness, [ 3–5 ] multistability, [ 6–8 ] and shape morphing. [ 9,10 ] With these unique mechanical behaviors, promising applications have been suggested including vibration isolation, [ 11 ] packaging and distribution, [ 12,13 ] deployable structures, [ 14 ] and mechanological systems. [ 15,16 ]…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These properties may include a negative Poisson's ratio (auxetic materials), [1,2] negative or anisotropic stiffness, [3][4][5] multistability, [6][7][8] and shape morphing. [9,10] With these unique mechanical behaviors, promising applications have been suggested including vibration isolation, [11] packaging and distribution, [12,13] deployable structures, [14] and mechanological systems. [15,16] These behaviors are often facilitated by distinct deformation or collapse modes that arise from bifurcations associated with the periodic structure of the metamaterial.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid Pneumatic Control of Bimodal, Hierarchical Mechanical Metamaterials

Hyatt

Harne

2022

Adv Eng Mater

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Recent attention to pneumatically pressurized mechanical metamaterials has identified opportunity for large shape change and mechanical properties adaptation through the collective exploitation of reconfigurable internal structures and enclosed cavities. Yet, many of these ideas are found to act in smooth, continuous ways at moderate rate. This research explores a new class of bimodal, hierarchical mechanical metamaterials that exemplify rapid change of mechanical behavior by exploiting pneumatic pressure as a means to cross bifurcation. A lattice structure with periodic square cavities is presented as a model metamaterial to highlight important design considerations and mechanical behavior. An analytical model is formed to delineate the multimodal boundaries in a high‐dimensional parameter space, while numerical simulations and experiments confirm the presence of each modal characteristic. The studies reveal the high rate of change afforded by this embodiment of pressurized mechanical metamaterials and confirm the origin lay in harnessing elastic instability. Extensions to the idea are compared against the Kutzbach–Grübler criteria to articulate how other metamaterial networks may be leveraged in this way. The outcomes of this research may inspire methods for high‐rate shape and properties change via multimodal mechanical metamaterial assemblies, such as for soft robotic platforms.

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“…In recent years, a plethora of elastic metastructural designs have been proposed to achieve a variety of unconventional static and dynamic functionalities. Most twodimensional configurations involve a single solid layer in which periodicity is induced through voids, as in cellular lattices [7,8], stubs or other surface elements [9,10], or inclusions [11][12][13][14], or by folding structural components, as in origami and kirigami metamaterials [15][16][17]. Fewer concepts have fully embraced the opportunities offered by the interaction of multiple layers.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Tunable band gaps and symmetry breaking in magnetomechanical metastructures inspired by multilayer two-dimensional materials

Gonella

2021

Phys. Rev. B

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In this Letter, we introduce a paradigm to realize magneto-mechanical metastructures inspired by multi-layer 2D materials, such as graphene bilayers. The metastructures are intended to capture two aspects of their nanoscale counterparts. One is the multi-layer geometry, which is implemented by stacking hexagonal lattice sheets. The other is the landscape of weak inter-layer forces, which is mimicked by the interactions between pairs of magnets located at corresponding lattice sites on adjacent layers. We illustrate the potential of this paradigm through a three-layer prototype. The two rigid outer lattices serve as control layers, while the thin inner layer is free to experience flexural motion under the confining action of the magnetic forces exchanged with the outer ones, thus behaving as a lattice on elastic foundation. The inner layer is free to rotate relatively to the others, giving rise to a rich spectrum of inter-layer interaction patterns. Our objective is to determine how the dynamical response can be tuned by changing the twist angle between the layers. Specifically, we demonstrate experimentally that switching between different stacking patterns has profound consequences on the phonon landscape, opening and closing bandgaps in different frequency regimes.

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Collapse characterization and shock mitigation by elastomeric metastructures

Cited by 7 publications

References 20 publications

Tunable Metamaterials for Impact Mitigation

Tunable Metamaterials for Impact Mitigation

Rapid Pneumatic Control of Bimodal, Hierarchical Mechanical Metamaterials

Tunable band gaps and symmetry breaking in magnetomechanical metastructures inspired by multilayer two-dimensional materials

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