Collagen from Marine Biological Sources and Medical Applications

Abstract

Collagen is the most studied protein with a wide range of applications including pharmaceutical, biomedical, cosmetics, leather, and film industries due to its special characteristics that are high biocompatibility, good bioactivity, and weak antigenicity. Although collagen sources are abundant, the outbreak of varied diseases among land animals posed threat to its utilization in our daily life. Thus, a probe for an alternative source began, which in turn revealed the immense untapped marine sources, such as fish, jellyfish, and some marine Mammals. The present article deals with a brief description of collagen, its characteristics, marine sources, extraction, collagen peptides and their biological activities, potential use and application in various field.

Marine Collagen from Alternative and Sustainable Sources: Extraction, Processing and Applications

“…Recently, the jellyfish R. esculentum has received some attention as the type I collagen extracted from this species is quite similar to the human type, making it suitable for different applications in the biomedical field [10]. It was cross-linked with 1-Ethyl 3-(3-Dimethylaminoprophyl)-Carbodiimide (EDC) to form collagen-based sponges which showed hemostatic properties as blood clotting after tail amputation in rats, suggesting that it may be a suitable candidate for hemostatic material and wound-dressing applications [31].…”

“…Due to its high-water absorption capacity, collagen is a good candidate for texturizing, thickening and gel formation. Moreover, it has interesting properties related to surface behavior, which involves emulsion, foam formation, stabilization, adhesion and cohesion, Fish waste is very abundant worldwide and several studies, projects, and local and international authorities have focused on how to use this valuable waste [10,12,[34][35][36][37][38][39][40]. Its utilization has recently increased in order to enhance the economic value of by-catch and fish by-products for biotechnological applications, and also because of the urgent need to reduce the amount of waste for contemporary societies.…”

“…Hence, there is an urgent need to find novel alternative sources of collagen.Recently, marine organisms have received consideration as promising sources of collagen, because they have no limitations in use for any religions and there are no reports of possible transmissible diseases. In particular, biomass derived from the activities of fish-processing industries and fisheries (fish and sea urchin wastes, undersized fish and by-catch organisms such as jellyfish, sharks, starfish, sponges) might become an important, yet underexploited, source of collagen [9][10][11][12][13][14]. The use of discarded and underused biomass will contribute to the development of a sustainable pipeline to obtain collagen with a significantly reduced environmental impact.In this review, we present a general overview of the studies carried out on by-catch organisms and wastes from fish and sea urchin processing industries in order to isolate collagen.…”

Marine Collagen Substrates for 2D and 3D Ovarian Cancer Cell Systems

“…Mammalian collagen devices are used in many biomedical applications due to their excellent biocompatibility, high biodegradability and good mechanical, haemostatic, and cellbinding properties (Lee et al, 2001). Conversely, complex collagen extraction methods, together with limited and expensive collagen sources, and the risk of infection with transmissible diseases such as spongiform encephalopathy, transmissible spongiform encephalopathy, and foot and mouth disease, have led to the exploration of alternative functional collagen sources with low immunogenicity and reduced risk of causing transmissible disease (Felician et al, 2018).…”

“…To date, marine-derived collagens have largely been used in the food, pharmaceutical and cosmetics industries, and to a much lesser degree for biomedical research and clinical applications (Parenteau-Bareil et al, 2010). Marine species include invertebrates such as cuttlefish, sea anemone, prawn, star fish, sponges, sea urchin, octopus, squid or vertebrate like fish, and marine mammals have been evaluated (Felician et al, 2018). Extraction of collagen from jellyfish species has been limited to Somolophus meleagris (Nagai et al, 1999;Song et al, 2006), Rhizostomous jellyfish, Chrysaora sp.…”