“…One of the challenges of ICC development lies in the lack of cultural awareness and interactions with people from other cultures. Recent studies address the promotion of language learners’ ICC through computer-mediated interventions, such as online discussion forums, text-based chat, blogging, email exchanges, social media, video communications and virtual/augmented reality (Elola and Oskoz, 2008; Huertas-Abril and Palacios-Hidalgo, 2023; Lee and Song, 2020; Liu et al , 2023; Jauregi, 2016; Taguchi, 2023; Xu, 2017; Uzum et al , 2023). Most technologies implemented in ICC studies through language acquisition focus on creating and sharing content as well as promoting communication among groups (Shadiev and Sintawati, 2020).…”