Colistin exposure enhances expression of eptB in colistin-resistant Escherichia coli co-harboring mcr-1

Elizabeth, Rajkumari; Baishya, Somorita; Kalita, Bubul; Wangkheimayum, Jayalaxmi; Choudhury, Manabendra Dutta; Chanda, Debadatta Dhar; Bhattacharjee, Amitabha

doi:10.1038/s41598-022-05435-0

Cited by 11 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Most of the studies reported from India have not delved deeply into the mechanistic details of the Col R phenotype. Nevertheless, deleterious mutation in phoP , phoQ , pmrA , pmrB , and mgrB genes [12,13], complete deletion of mgrB [46], presence of efflux pump AcrAB and spermidine export protein MdtI/KpnF and mcr-1 [47] in K. pneumoniae ; the presence of mcr-1 in E. coli [48]; mutations at novel sites in pmrA , pmrB , lpxA , lpxD genes in A. baumannii [49] were reported to be involved in the development of Col R in India. Therefore, more investigations are warranted to understand the molecular details of the reasons behind ColR development.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Colistin resistance among the Gram-negative nosocomial pathogens in India: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Dwibedy,

Padhy,

Panda

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Background The rapid rise of nosocomial infections and the growing ineffectiveness of frontline antibiotics against Gram-negative bacteria (GNB) have put the healthcare sector under unprecedented stress. In this scenario, colistin, an antibiotic of the polymyxin class, has become the last resort treatment option. The unrestricted use of colistin in the preceding decades has led to the emergence of colistin-resistant (ColR) bacterial strains. Unfortunately, comprehensive data on the prevalence of ColR nosocomial pathogens in India are lacking. This study was conducted to address this information gap and to determine the prevalence of ColR among the nosocomial GNB species in India. Methods A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to determine the prevalence of ColR among the nosocomial GNB species in India and their geographical distribution. A systematic search of the online databases was performed and eligible studies meeting the inclusion criteria were used for qualitative synthesis. The combined event rate and 95% confidence interval were estimated using forest plot with a random-effect model. Cochrane Q statistics and I2 statistics were used to detect possible heterogeneity. Results From a total of 1865 retrieved records from 4 databases, 36 studies were included in the study. Among the most common nosocomial pathogens, K. pneumoniae showed a rate of ColR at 17.4%, followed by P. aeruginosa (14.1%), E. coli (12.3%), and A. baumannii (12.2%). Interestingly, our analysis revealed that E. cloacae has the highest rate of ColR at 28.5%. Conclusions The level of resistance displayed by K. pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa, and to a lesser extent, E. coli and A. baumannii in the Indian subcontinent poses a challenge for public health management. Though prevalence may differ among regions and over time, continued surveillance, and efforts to curb the spread of resistance are crucial to ensure the continued effectiveness of this critical antibiotic.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Colistin resistance among the Gram-negative nosocomial pathogens in India: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Dwibedy,

Padhy,

Panda

et al. 2024

Preprint

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“…eptA catalyzes the transfer of PEtN from phosphatidylethanolamine onto the lipid A of LPS and eptB catalyzes the addition of a PEtN moiety to the outer 3-deoxy-d-manno-octulosonic acid (Kdo) residue of a Kdo(2)-lipid A. Presence of mcr - 1 supplements the activity of eptB gene in higher transcriptional expression when the E. coli exposed to a sub-inhibitory concentration of colistin ( Elizabeth et al., 2022 ).…”

Section: Co-factors and Co-selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deciphering the genetic network and programmed regulation of antimicrobial resistance in bacterial pathogens

Ramamurthy

Ghosh

Chowdhury

et al. 2022

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in bacteria is an important global health problem affecting humans, animals, and the environment. AMR is considered as one of the major components in the “global one health”. Misuse/overuse of antibiotics in any one of the segments can impact the integrity of the others. In the presence of antibiotic selective pressure, bacteria tend to develop several defense mechanisms, which include structural changes of the bacterial outer membrane, enzymatic processes, gene upregulation, mutations, adaptive resistance, and biofilm formation. Several components of mobile genetic elements (MGEs) play an important role in the dissemination of AMR. Each one of these components has a specific function that lasts long, irrespective of any antibiotic pressure. Integrative and conjugative elements (ICEs), insertion sequence elements (ISs), and transposons carry the antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) on different genetic backbones. Successful transfer of ARGs depends on the class of plasmids, regulons, ISs proximity, and type of recombination systems. Additionally, phage-bacterial networks play a major role in the transmission of ARGs, especially in bacteria from the environment and foods of animal origin. Several other functional attributes of bacteria also get successfully modified to acquire ARGs. These include efflux pumps, toxin-antitoxin systems, regulatory small RNAs, guanosine pentaphosphate signaling, quorum sensing, two-component system, and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) systems. The metabolic and virulence state of bacteria is also associated with a range of genetic and phenotypic resistance mechanisms. In spite of the availability of a considerable information on AMR, the network associations between selection pressures and several of the components mentioned above are poorly understood. Understanding how a pathogen resists and regulates the ARGs in response to antimicrobials can help in controlling the development of resistance. Here, we provide an overview of the importance of genetic network and regulation of AMR in bacterial pathogens.

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“…This modification increases the charge on LPS (the initial target of the polymyxins), which decreases polymyxin binding and leads to resistance [ 21 ]. A recent study revealed that colistin exposure enhances the expression of eptB in colistin-resistant E. coli coharboring mcr -1 [ 22 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Colistin Resistance and Management of Drug Resistant Infections

Sharma

Singh

et al. 2022

Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiolog

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Colistin resistance is a globalized sensible issue because it has been considered a drug of the last-line resort to treat drug-resistant bacterial infections. The product of the mobilized colistin resistance (mcr) gene and its variants are the significant causes of colistin resistance, which is emerging due to the frequent colistin use in veterinary, and these genes circulate among the bacterial community. Apart from mcr genes, some other intrinsic genes and proteins are also involved in colistin resistance. Researchers focus on the most advanced genomics (whole genome sequencing), proteomics, and bioinformatics approaches to explore the question of colistin resistance. To combat colistin resistance, researchers developed various strategies such as the development of newer drugs, the repurposing of existing drugs, combinatorial treatment by colistin with other drugs, a nano-based approach, photodynamic therapy, a CRISPRi-based strategy, and a phage-based strategy. In this timeline review, we have discussed the development of colistin resistance and its management in developing countries.

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Colistin exposure enhances expression of eptB in colistin-resistant Escherichia coli co-harboring mcr-1

Cited by 11 publications

References 27 publications

Colistin resistance among the Gram-negative nosocomial pathogens in India: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Colistin resistance among the Gram-negative nosocomial pathogens in India: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Deciphering the genetic network and programmed regulation of antimicrobial resistance in bacterial pathogens

Colistin Resistance and Management of Drug Resistant Infections

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