Colibacillosis

Nolan, Lisa K.; Vaillancourt, Jean‐Pierre; Barbieri, Nicolle Lima; Logue, Catherine M.

doi:10.1002/9781119371199.ch18

Cited by 69 publications

(97 citation statements)

References 486 publications

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“…These ndings are similar to other studies on AMR in both poultry and humans (van den Bogaard, 2001;Chiyangi et al, 2017). The high resistance in poultry, especially, can be attributed to the use of antibiotics for preventive purposes by small-scale poultry farmers between weeks 4 and 6 of production to prevent high mortality rates due to colibacillosis in broilers (Nolan et al, 2017). It has also been documented that tetracycline and sulfadimidine are among the commonly used antibiotics for therapy, especially at smallscale production (Mainda et al, 2015).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Antimicrobial Resistance of Escherichia coli and Salmonella isolated from Raw Retail Broiler Chicken Carcasses in Zambia

Muonga

Mainda

Mukuma

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) of foodborne pathogens is of public health concern, especially in developing countries such as Zambia. This study was undertaken to determine the antimicrobial resistance profiles of Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Salmonella isolated from raw retail broiler chicken carcasses purchased from open and supermarkets in Zambia.Results A total of 189 E. coli and five Salmonella isolates were isolated. Identification and confirmation of the isolates were done using Analytical Profile Index (API 20E) (Biomerieux®) and 16S rRNA sequencing. Antimicrobial susceptibility tests (AST) were performed using the Kirby Bauer disk diffusion technique using a panel of 10 antibiotics. Multiplex PCR was used to determine the presence of three target genes encoding for resistance: tetA, Sul1 and blaCTX-M. WHONET 2018 software was used to analyse AST results. The E. coli isolates were mostly resistant to tetracycline (79.4%), ampicillin (51.9%), and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (49.7%). Two of the five Salmonella isolates were resistant to at least one antibiotic. Forty- seven (45.2%) of the 104 isolates that were screened for the presence of the resistant genes possessed at least one of the targeted resistance genes.Conclusion This study has demonstrated the presence of AMR E. coli and Salmonella on raw retail broiler chicken carcasses from open and supermarkets, which is of public health concern.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Antimicrobial Resistance of Escherichia coli and Salmonella isolated from Raw Retail Broiler Chicken Carcasses in Zambia

Muonga

Mainda

Mukuma

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…APEC can persist in a dry environment, and dust in poultry houses may contain up to 10 6 colony-forming units of E. coli per gram [6]. The most important predisposing factor for APEC infections in broilers is stress, which can be induced by a series of inappropriate husbandry practices [7].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…APEC can persist in a dry environment, and dust in poultry houses may contain up to 10 6 colony-forming units of E. coli per gram [4,6]. The most important predisposing factor for APEC infections in broilers however is stress, which can be induced by a series of inappropriate husbandry and management practices [7]. However, there are only few epidemiological studies taking a more integrated approach with multivariable modeling in order to identify and weigh the different risk factors threatening performance and health of broilers in field conditions without focusing on only one or a few specific preselected diseases or clinical features.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk factors for poor health and performance in European broiler production systems

et al. 2020

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Background: Conventional broilers are currently one of the most efficient protein converters. Although decades of progress in genetic selection and feed formulation have lead to high standards of efficient broiler production, still a lot of variability is found between farms and between successive flocks. The aim of this study was to investigate risk-and/or protective factors for poor health and performance in conventional broiler-farms in Europe by developing eight multivariable linear mixed models. Three different models were used to investigate mortality (overall, first week, after first week), three models for performance variables (growth, feed conversion, European production index) and two models were related to slaughterhouse data (i.e. dead on arrival and condemnation rate). Results: Several factors related to management and housing were significantly associated with health and performance of broilers. The following factors were associated with increased mortality: floor quality, neonatal septicemia, ventilation type and other professional activities of the farmer. The factors associated with performance were chick sex, coccidiosis infections, necrotic enteritis, dysbacteriosis, light intensity adaptations, ventilation type, comparing daily flock results with previous flock results by farmer, daily check of feed and water system and type of feed. For dead on arrival three risk factors were identified i.e. daily growth, type of light adaptation and type of drinkers system. For condemnation rate seven risk factors were found, i.e. type of drinking system, daily growth, feed withdrawal time, type of ventilation, house size, septicemia after seven days and type of feed. Conclusions: These results imply that a multifactorial approach is required with adaptations involving both improvements in management, housing, health programs and an increasing level of professionalism of the farmer in order to improve broiler performance and health.

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“…Another important disease of turkeys is colibacillosis, which broadly refers to any localized or systemic infection caused entirely or partly by avian pathogenic E. coli (APEC)(Nolan, Vaillancourt, Barbieri, & Logue, 2020). Specific conditions included in the clinical spectrum of colibacillosis include septicaemia, respiratory disease, peritonitis, salpingitis, omphalitis/yolk sac infection, enteritis and others.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Antimicrobials used in the hatchery are primarily targeted to prevent disease and to decrease mortality associated with E. coli, such as omphalitis (yolk sac infection) in the first week of life.Colibacillosis ranked second of the disease-related issues that turkey production veterinarians faced in 2016 and 2017, respectively(Clark & Ahlmeyer, 2018;Clark & Bailey, 2017). Bacterial enteritis, also referred to as dysbacteriosis, occurs predominantly in young turkeys and is often secondary to enteric pathogens including viral or protozoal agents(Nolan et al, 2020). Antimicrobial therapy is used in affected flocks to allow them to restore normal intestinal flora.Finally, ORT (caused by Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale) is a highly contagious respiratory disease caused by a Gram-negative pleomorphic rod-shaped bacterium.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimates of on‐farm antimicrobial usage in turkey production in the United States, 2013–2017

Singer

Porter²,

Schrag

et al. 2020

Zoonoses and Public Health

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With increasing concern about the emergence and spread of resistant bacteria, there is an increasing motivation to optimize antimicrobial use administrations in animal agriculture. A key component of antimicrobial stewardship is the ability to collect antimicrobial use data and ultimately use this information to assess that administrations are necessary and effective. The objective of this study was to develop a system for collecting on‐farm antimicrobial use data from the US turkey industry and to have it be representative of the largest commercial turkey producers in the United States that comprise the vast majority of national turkey production. Participation was voluntary. Data were collected for the period 2013 through 2017 and are reported on a calendar year basis. Using statistics from USDA:NASS as a denominator, the data supplied by participating companies represented approximately 67.3% of turkey production in the United States in 2013 and increased to approximately 69.8% in 2017. The data that were submitted for 2017 are based on approximately 187,016,604 poults placed, 164,081,335 turkeys slaughtered, and 5,178,431,422 pounds liveweight produced. The estimated percentage of turkey poults placed that received hatchery antimicrobials decreased from 96% in 2013 to 41% in 2017. Medically important in‐feed antimicrobial use decreased substantially. For example, in‐feed tetracycline use decreased approximately 67% between 2013 and 2017. Medically important water‐soluble antimicrobial use decreased substantially for most antimicrobials. Between 2013 and 2017, water‐soluble penicillin use decreased approximately 42%, water‐soluble tetracycline use decreased approximately 28%, and water‐soluble lincomycin use decreased approximately 46%. Reducing the total amounts of antimicrobials used might be a crude indicator for mitigating the selection of antimicrobial resistance. Reducing the need for such use and verifying that treatment regimens deliver beneficial outcomes to animal health are more meaningful objectives.

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Colibacillosis

Cited by 69 publications

References 486 publications

Antimicrobial Resistance of Escherichia coli and Salmonella isolated from Raw Retail Broiler Chicken Carcasses in Zambia

Antimicrobial Resistance of Escherichia coli and Salmonella isolated from Raw Retail Broiler Chicken Carcasses in Zambia

Risk factors for poor health and performance in European broiler production systems

Estimates of on‐farm antimicrobial usage in turkey production in the United States, 2013–2017

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