Coleoptera Fauna Beetles of Nest Birds of the Northern Caucasus

Abstract

In this article, we present a faunistic list of species of the order Coleoptera from 13 families: 40 species collected from the nests of 24 bird species in the North Caucasus. To our previously published data, the list of coleopteran species has increased by 2 species. We were able to identify about 20 optional species that got into the bird's nest by accident. These species are not covered and discussed in this article. The rest of the species have complex biocenotic relationships with the host's nest. The transition of species to habitat under conditions of microbiocenosis, which is the nest, is an important evolutionary step. Which deserves a thorough study. In terms of its geographical position, the North Caucasus is a refugium for birds; many species are sedentary throughout the year. This has resulted in a high level of biodiversity of nidicolous Coleoptera compared to the northern geographic regions. The material presented in the article served to create a database on the species of Coleoptera living in nests of birds, this will allow in the future to analyze the seasonal dynamics of the number, as well as the association with one or another host. This work is relevant in the light of the latest data on climate change as well as anthropogenic pressure on natural ecosystems. The species composition of birds is decreasing, while the number of synanthropic species is increasing. Accordingly, we can predict the number of nidicolous species, some of them are of great sanitary and epidemiological significance.

Songbird nests on the ground as islands of diversity of ptyctimous mites (Acari: Oribatida) in the primeval Białowieża Forest (Poland)

“…The invertebrate fauna inhabiting bird nests is represented by numerous taxonomic groups, which coexist with the host birds or use nests after they had been abandoned by the hosts. The most common invertebrate groups include spiders (Svatoň 1985 ; Heneberg 2018 ; Machač 2021 ), ants (Haemig 2001 ; Maziarz et al 2018 , 2021 ), beetles (Norman 1906 ; Watt 1980 ; Cosandey et al 2021 ; Pushkin et al 2021 ), moths (Nasu et al 2012 ; Boyes 2018 ; Boyes and Lewis 2019 ), flies (Gold and Dahlsten 1983 ; Sabrosky et al 1989 ; Hori et al 1990 ; Eeva et al 2015 ) and fleas (Harper et al 1992 ; Heeb et al 1996 ; Kędra et al 1996 ). Mites (Acari) are also commonly recorded in bird nests, represented by many orders and families that occur in large numbers.…”

A Historical Review of House Entrances in Sabzevar from Safavid Era to Pahlavi Era

“…The view of an entrance is sometimes simple and free-standing for some security and interest reasons, as some entrances are made hidden from the observer, and some are sometimes so notable and outstanding far from any security reasons that reveal the house members' positions [3,4]. A house entrance is a beginning to engage and establish communications with the members of a house and their culture [5]. In other words, entrance spaces are not only built to meet material needs but also to meet cultural needs and behavioral patterns, and social values [6].…”