Cold Water Recovery Reduces Anaerobic Performance

Crowe, Melissa; O’Connor, Donna; Rudd, Donna

doi:10.1055/s-2007-965118

Cited by 69 publications

(89 citation statements)

References 16 publications

(31 reference statements)

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“…A significant decrease in CMJ, RJA and rRST performance was observed immediately after the CWI. In line with these results, Crowe et al 8 observed a decrease in anaerobic performance (30-s "all out" maximal cycling test) after CWI (15 min at 13-14 o C). In this study, peak power, total work and post-exercise blood lactate were significantly reduced following CWI compared to the first exercise test and the control condition 8 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

“…In line with these results, Crowe et al 8 observed a decrease in anaerobic performance (30-s "all out" maximal cycling test) after CWI (15 min at 13-14 o C). In this study, peak power, total work and post-exercise blood lactate were significantly reduced following CWI compared to the first exercise test and the control condition 8 . Buchheit et al 24 did not show a significant difference in mean power output and completion time during 1-km cycling time trials between the CWI (5 min at 14 o C) and passive recovery in male cyclists, despite the improvement of perceived rating of recovery after the CWI.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

“…Research on CWI interventions to accelerate recovery show conflicting results since some studies suggest positive outcomes [3][4][5] while others report non-significant effects [6][7][8] . Despite this controversy, athletes has been used CWI to promote a faster recovery, to diminish muscle soreness, and to hasten a return to optimal performance 1,2,9 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Imersão em água fria não acelerou a recuperação após uma partida de futsal

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Costa

Coutts³

et al. 2015

Rev Bras Med Esporte

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Introduction: cold-water immersion (CWI) is a popular recovery strategy; however, there is limited evidence of the effectiveness of this method in sport settings. Objective: to investigate the effect of CWI on muscle soreness and anaerobic performance after a Futsal match. Methods: ten players performed two simulated matches followed by two randomized recovery conditions (CWI or passive rest -C), separated for seven days. During the recovery interventions, the players remained seated in a comfortable position (C) or were immersed in a pool with cold water (CWI condition; 15±1ºC) for 12 minutes. Muscle soreness assessment, counter movement jump (CMJ) test, repeated jump ability (RJA) test, and repeated sprint running test (rRST) were conducted prior to the match (Pre), immediately after the recovery intervention (P1) and 24h after the recovery intervention (P2). Results: a significant increase in muscle soreness after the Futsal match was observed for both interventions (C and CWI) during all time points (P1 and P2, p<0.05); however, no significant difference was detected between CWI and C interventions (p>0.05). There was a significant decrease in anaerobic performance (CMJ, RJA and rRST) immediately after the CWI intervention when compared to C (P1, p<0.05). No significant difference in anaerobic performance was detected between the two conditions at P2 (CWI and C; p>0.05). Conclusion: the CWI did not improve recovery related to muscle soreness and anaerobic performance of Futsal players.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Imersão em água fria não acelerou a recuperação após uma partida de futsal

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Coutts³

et al. 2015

Rev Bras Med Esporte

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“…Previous study suggested that CWI caused peripheral vasoconstriction and a decrease in blood flow to the active muscles. hypothetically, reduction in muscle blood flow can be cause an antiinflammatory effect and help to muscle recovery [12]. Furthermore, it is shown that …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Schniepp et al and Crowe et al reported that maximum and average power was negatively affected by CWI (compared to the passive rest) when performance tests were one hour apart. The results of these previous studies showed that athletes need to consider the timing of events when deciding whether or not to employ CWI recovery [11,12]. Previous study suggested that CWI caused peripheral vasoconstriction and a decrease in blood flow to the active muscles.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The The Effects of Cold Water Immersion on Anaerobic Power, Dynamic Balance and Muscle Activation After a karate kumite fighting in Female Karateka

Nezhad

Faghihi

Hazrati

et al. 2017

Int J Appl Exerc Physiol

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Many athletes are using specific techniques to minimize fatigue and accelerate recovery processes. Cold water immersion (CWI) is one of the most popular interventions used by athletes to potentially return to their pre-fatigue performance level. the purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of CWI on anaerobic performance, balance and muscle activation of female karateka after a simulated match. 15 young female karateka (age: 18.7±1.7 years, body mass: 55.5±6.3 kg, height:165±5.1 cm) with at least three years' experience in karate kumite fighting were included in the study. After three round 3-minute competition, participants were grouped into a CWI group (20 min at 12±1°C) and a control group (CTL). Anaerobic power (30 s Wingate test), and dynamic balance (Star-Excursion test) were measured before the competition and 24 h after intervention. Surface electromyography (EMG) was sampled from quadriceps femoris muscles. Peak normalized muscle activation levels and force were identified during maximal isometric test. A significant decrease in the anaerobic performance after the competition was observed for both groups (p<0.05). CWI were effective in enhancing the anaerobic performance after competition compared with the CTL. Dynamic balance decreased for two groups, although CWI resulted in the smallest reduction in balance. There was a significant difference in peak and mean RMS values of the EMG in Rectus Femoris but not Vastus muscles after the CWI intervention when compared to CTL (p<0.05). CWI improve recovery related to dynamic balance and anaerobic performance of karate kumite fighter. It can be concluded that CWI appears to promote muscle activation and reduce fatigue that is related to better performance in 24 hours post intervention.

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Cold-water immersion (cryotherapy) for preventing and treating muscle soreness after exercise

Bleakley

McDonough

Gardner

et al. 2012

Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews

116

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BACKGROUND: Many strategies are in use with the intention of preventing or minimizing delayed onset muscle soreness and fatigue after exercise. Cold-water immersion, in water temperatures of less than 15 °C, is currently one of the most popular interventional strategies used after exercise. OBJECTIVES: To determine the effects of cold-water immersion in the management of muscle soreness after exercise. SEARCH METHODS: In February 2010, we searched the Cochrane Bone, Joint and Muscle Trauma Group Specialised Register, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (The Cochrane Library (2010, Issue 1), Medline, Embase, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health (CINAHL), British Nursing Index and archive (BNI), and the Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro). We also searched the reference lists of articles, handsearched journals and conference proceedings and contacted experts. In November 2011, we updated the searches of Central (2011, Issue 4), Medline (up to November Week 3 2011), Embase (to 2011 Week 46) and CINAHL (to 28 November 2011) to check for more recent publications. SELECTION CRITERIA: Randomized and quasi-randomized trials comparing the effect of using cold-water immersion after exercise with: passive intervention (rest/no intervention), contrast immersion, warmwater immersion, active recovery, compression, or a different duration/ dosage of cold-water immersion. Primary outcomes were pain (muscle soreness) or tenderness (pain on palpation), and subjective recovery (return to previous activities without signs or symptoms). DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Three authors independently evaluated study quality and extracted data. Some of the data were obtained following author correspondence or extracted from graphs in the trial reports. Where possible, data were pooled using the fixed-effect model. MAIN RESULTS: Seventeen small trials were included, involving a total of 366 participants. Study quality was low. The temperature, duration and frequency of cold-water immersion varied between the different trials as did the exercises and settings. The majority of studies failed to report active surveillance of pre-defined adverse events. Fourteen studies compared cold-water immersion with passive intervention. Pooled results for muscle soreness showed statistically significant effects in favour of cold-water immersion after exercise at 24 hour (standardized mean difference, SMD-0.55, 95% CI-0.84 to-0.27; 10 trials), 48 hour (SMD-0.66, 95% CI-0.97 to-0.35; 8 trials), 72 hour (SMD-0.93; 95% CI-1.36 to-0.51; 4 trials) and 96 hour (SMD-0.58; 95% CI-1.00 to-0.16; 5 trials) follow-ups. These results were heterogeneous. Exploratory subgroup analyses showed that studies using cross-over designs or running-based exercises showed significantly larger effects in favour of coldwater immersion. Pooled results from two studies found cold-water immersion groups had significantly lower ratings of fatigue (MD-1.70; 95% CI-2.49 to-0.90; 10 units scale, best to worst), and potentially improved ratings of physical recovery...

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Cold Water Recovery Reduces Anaerobic Performance

Cited by 69 publications

References 16 publications

Imersão em água fria não acelerou a recuperação após uma partida de futsal

Imersão em água fria não acelerou a recuperação após uma partida de futsal

The The Effects of Cold Water Immersion on Anaerobic Power, Dynamic Balance and Muscle Activation After a karate kumite fighting in Female Karateka

Cold-water immersion (cryotherapy) for preventing and treating muscle soreness after exercise

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