Cold temperature and emerald ash borer: Modelling the minimum under-bark temperature of ash trees in Canada

Vermunt, Bradley; Cuddington, Kim; Sobek-Swant, Stephanie; Crosthwaite, Jill C.

doi:10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2012.03.033

Cited by 21 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…; Vermunt et al. ). In addition, SCP changes over the year, with significantly lower SCP in the winter.…”

Section: Response To Abiotic Factorsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…In winter, up to one‐third of days have under‐bark temperatures 4°C warmer than air temperature minima (Vermunt et al. ). These adaptations to cold temperatures suggest that EAB range expansion will not be cold limited under European climates (EPPO ).…”

Section: Response To Abiotic Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pre-pupae do not survive below an average temperature of À30°C (Crosthwaite et al 2011), but the beetle has several mechanisms to cope with cold temperatures: before the onset of cold temperatures, different molecules for cold tolerance are accumulated and cuticular waxes reduce the inoculation by external ice (Crosthwaite et al 2011). To depress the supercooling point (SCP, temperature at which the beetles' body fluids freeze), the activity of antifreeze agents is necessary, which is shown in thermal hysteresis and by the presence of distinctively shaped ice crystals (Crosthwaite et al 2011;Vermunt et al 2012). In addition, SCP changes over the year, with significantly lower SCP in the winter.…”

Section: Response To Abiotic Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Another important aspect of cold temperature tolerance is that for the most part of its life cycle, EAB lives sheltered under bark. In winter, up to onethird of days have under-bark temperatures 4°C warmer than air temperature minima (Vermunt et al 2012). These adaptations to cold temperatures suggest that EAB range expansion will not be cold limited under European climates (EPPO 2013a).…”

Section: Response To Abiotic Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A new forest pest in Europe: a review of Emerald ash borer (Agrilus planipennis) invasion

Valenta¹,

Moser²,

Kapeller³

et al. 2016

J Applied Entomology

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In this publication, we review the biology, ecology, invasion history, impacts and management options of Emerald ash borer (EAB) Agrilus plannipennis, with a particular focus on its invasion in Europe. Agrilus planipennis (EAB) is a wood‐boring beetle native to East Asia. Having caused massive damages on ash species in North America in the last decades, it was first recorded in Europe in 2003 in Russia (Moscow). All ash (Fraxinus) species native to Europe and North America are known to be susceptible to EAB attacks, which cause high tree mortality even among formerly healthy trees. Recorded expansion rates are between 2.5 and 80 km/year in North America and between 13 and 41 km/year in European Russia. Given current expansion rates, EAB is expected to reach Central Europe within 15–20 years. A combination of mechanical, biological and chemical control and phytosanitary measures may reduce its impact, which nevertheless most likely will be substantial. There is an urgent need to identify native enemies in Europe, to test suitable biocontrol agents and to develop early detection and management measures. Although it is obvious that EAB will become a major pest in Europe, early and dedicated response will likely be able to reduce the level of ash mortality, and thus improve the opportunity for long‐term survival of ash as an important component in European forests.

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“…; Vermunt et al. ). In addition, SCP changes over the year, with significantly lower SCP in the winter.…”

Section: Response To Abiotic Factorsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Response To Abiotic Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Response To Abiotic Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Response To Abiotic Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

A new forest pest in Europe: a review of Emerald ash borer (Agrilus planipennis) invasion

Valenta¹,

Moser²,

Kapeller³

et al. 2016

J Applied Entomology

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“…Accurate forecasts depend on reliable information about the relationship between temperature and mortality and on measures of the temperature(s) that overwintering larvae experience. Although Vermunt et al [49] developed models to forecast temperatures beneath the bark of green ash and white ash (F. americana), similar relationships have yet to be developed for black ash in mesic or hydric sites (but see Christianson [50]). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modest Effects of Host on the Cold Hardiness of Emerald Ash Borer †

Christianson

Venette

2018

Forests

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Abstract:The emerald ash borer, Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire, is invading North America and Europe but has not yet reached its ultimate distribution. Geographic differences in host availability and winter temperatures might affect where this species will occur. In central North America, black ash (Fraxinus nigra) is more abundant than green ash (F. pennsylvanica) at northern latitudes, but much of our current understanding of A. planipennis cold tolerance is based on observations of overwintering larvae from green ash. The effects of black and green ash on the cold hardiness of A. planipennis larvae were measured over three winters. Supercooling point, the temperature at which insect bodily fluids spontaneously begin to freeze, was marginally greater for larvae from artificially-infested black ash than green ash in one trial, but not in three others. Host species also did not consistently affect mortality rates after larval exposure to subzero temperatures, but larvae from black ash were less cold hardy than larvae from green ash when there were differences. Comparisons of mortality rates among chilled (unfrozen) and frozen larvae indicated that overwintering A. planipennis larvae are primarily freeze avoidant, and this cold tolerance strategy is unaffected by host. All of our studies suggest that A. planipennis larvae from black ash are not more cold hardy that larvae from green ash. Where temperatures annually decline below~−30 • C, overwintering morality may substantially affect the population dynamics and future impacts from this invasive alien species.

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Mapping of the Asian longhorned beetle’s time to maturity and risk to invasion at contiguous United States extent

et al. 2017

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Cold temperature and emerald ash borer: Modelling the minimum under-bark temperature of ash trees in Canada

Cited by 21 publications

References 16 publications

A new forest pest in Europe: a review of Emerald ash borer (Agrilus planipennis) invasion

A new forest pest in Europe: a review of Emerald ash borer (Agrilus planipennis) invasion

Modest Effects of Host on the Cold Hardiness of Emerald Ash Borer †

Mapping of the Asian longhorned beetle’s time to maturity and risk to invasion at contiguous United States extent

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