“…Online controlled experiments, often referred to as A/B tests, have become the gold standard for evaluating the impact of product updates on digital platforms. These updates can include the introduction of new product functions, user interface designs, and recommendation algorithms (Bakshy et al 2014, Bojinov and Gupta 2022, Larsen et al 2022, Xu et al 2015, Ye et al 2023a. By randomly assigning experimental subjects (e.g., users) to different groups and exposing them to different product versions, A/B tests can rigorously measure the effects of the product update on specific metrics of interest, facilitating data-driven business decisions.…”