Cold start and full cycle emissions from a flexible fuel vehicle operating with natural gas, ethanol and gasoline

Martins, Amanda Alves; Rocha, Rodrigo Anderson Dias; Sodré, José Ricardo

doi:10.1016/j.jngse.2014.01.004

Cited by 28 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 7 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Gasoline-powered engines can start at a low ambient temperature of À40 C nevertheless FFEs need a cold starting system with higher ethanol blends when the ambient temperature is lesser than 13 C. 188,189 Moreover, the higher latent heat of vaporization and distillation point of ethanol with lower volatility and RVP tend to increase the poor cold starting capability and higher exhaust emissions in FFE during cold start and warm-up period. 190,191 To overcome the cold starting issues, the air-fuel mixture is enriched and it leads to a higher level of engine-out emissions like CO, HC, and aldehyde emissions.…”

Section: Cold Start Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Critical review on recent progress of ethanol fuelled flex‐fuel engine characteristics

Azhaganathan

Ashok

2022

Intl J of Energy Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Summary Ethanol‐powered spark ignition (SI) engines have the potential to mitigate the twin crisis of fossil fuel depletion and exhaust emissions. However, the successful promotion of ethanol is hindered due to the restriction of fuel blend diversity and design features in the conventional SI engine. The fuel flexibility can be overcome by the use of flex‐fuel engine (FFE) technology with appropriate changes in engine design features for a wide range of ethanol blends. The understanding of FFE based on various technical aspects has greater potential in the automotive sector. Therefore, this review paper provides a holistic approach to critically analyze the various technical aspects of FFE. In this work, the application of ethanol blends on FFE output characteristics is reviewed critically considering the effects of engine operating conditions and parameters. Further, the impact of ethanol blends on material compatibility, cold starting characteristics, and unregulated emissions are analyzed. The outcome of the study shows that combustion and performance characteristics such as cylinder pressure(CP), heat release rate (HRR), and brake thermal efficiency (BTE) are improved in FFE operation due to the clean‐burning characteristics of ethanol blends. Also, carbon monoxide(CO) and hydrocarbon (HC) emissions decreased without any significant improvement in nitrogen oxides (NOx) emissions with a wide range of ethanol shares in FFE. Finally, this study summarizes the present status of research in FFE and creates a route towards the direction of multidisciplinary research need in the future that supports the application of different types of biofuels in FFE.

show abstract

Section: Cold Start Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Critical review on recent progress of ethanol fuelled flex‐fuel engine characteristics

Azhaganathan

Ashok

2022

Intl J of Energy Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…A comparative study was carried out of pollutant emissions produced by a mid-size sedan powered by 1.4-L spark ignition engine on a chassis dynamometer operating with three different fuels. Commercial gasoline with 22% of ethanol (E22, gasohol), compressed natural gas (CNG), and hydrous ethanol showed that in the cold start tests the E22 produced the lowest CO and HC emissions, while CNG produced the lowest NOx emissions [32]. Considering the full test cycle, CNG emitted the lowest CO, NOx, and CO 2 concentrations, and the lowest fuel consumption.…”

Section: Emissions Of Gaseous Pollutants From Vehicles In Brazilmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioethanol and Biodiesel as Vehicular Fuels in Brazil — Assessment of Atmospheric Impacts from the Long Period of Biofuels Use

Nogueira¹,

Cordeiro²,

Muñoz³

et al. 2015

Biofuels - Status and Perspective

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Alvarez et al [14] determined that hybrid vehicles' fuel consumption in low-temperature environments is generally comparable to that of traditional gasoline vehicles, but there is an elevated risk of CO emissions compared to the latter. Additionally, some researchers have noted that ethanol gasoline can exacerbate CH 4 and CO 2 emissions under low-temperature conditions, thereby exacerbating the greenhouse effect [15,16]. The greenhouse effect has a growing impact on the Earth's environment, with motor vehicle exhaust being a significant source of greenhouse gases, including CO 2 , N 2 O, and CH 4 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Research on Regulated and Unregulated Emissions from E20-Fuelled Vehicles and Hybrid Electric Vehicles

Qiu,

Zhao,

Lei

et al. 2024

Atmosphere

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Ethanol as a renewable fuel has been applied in fuel vehicles (FVs), and it is promising in hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs). This work aims to investigate the emission characteristics of ethanol applied in both FVs and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs). The paper conducted a real-road test of an internal combustion FV and PHEV, respectively, based on the world light vehicle test cycle (WLTC) by using gasoline and regular gasoline under different temperature conditions. The use of E10 and E20 in FVs has been effective in reducing the conventional emissions of the vehicles. At 23 °C, E10 and E20 reduced the conventional emissions including carbon monoxide (CO), total hydrocarbon compound (THC), non-methane hydrocarbon compound (NMHC), particulate matter (PM), and particulate number (PN) by 15.40–31.11% and 11.00–44.13% respectively. At 6 °C, E10 and E20 reduced conventional emissions including THC, CO, and PM by 2.15–8.61% and 11.02–13.34%, respectively. However, nitrogen oxide (NOX) emissions increased to varying degrees. The reduction trend of non-conventional emissions including methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O), and carbon dioxide (CO2) from FVs fueled with E10 and E20 is not significant for vehicles. Overall, the emission reduction effect of E20 is better than that of E10, and the emission reduction effect of ethanol gasoline on vehicle emissions is reduced at low temperatures. Lower ambient temperatures increase vehicle emissions in the low-speed segment but decrease vehicle emissions in the ultra-high-speed segment. HEV emissions of THC, CO, PN, and PM are reduced by 25.28%, 12.72%, 77.34%, and 64.59%, respectively, for E20 compared to gasoline, and the use of E20 in HEVs contributes to the reduction of overall vehicle emissions.

show abstract

Cold start and full cycle emissions from a flexible fuel vehicle operating with natural gas, ethanol and gasoline

Cited by 28 publications

References 7 publications

Critical review on recent progress of ethanol fuelled flex‐fuel engine characteristics

Critical review on recent progress of ethanol fuelled flex‐fuel engine characteristics

Bioethanol and Biodiesel as Vehicular Fuels in Brazil — Assessment of Atmospheric Impacts from the Long Period of Biofuels Use

Experimental Research on Regulated and Unregulated Emissions from E20-Fuelled Vehicles and Hybrid Electric Vehicles

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About