Cold dust emission from X-ray AGN in the SCUBA-2 Cosmology Legacy Survey: dependence on luminosity, obscuration and AGN activity

Banerji, M.; McMahon, R. G.; Harrison, C. M.; Alaghband-Zadeh, S.; Alexander, D. M.; Bourne, N.; Coppin, K. E. K.; Dunlop, James; Farrah, D.; Jarvis, Matthew; Michalowski, Michal; Page, M. J.; Smith, D. J. B.; Swinbank, A. M.; Symeonidis, M.; Werf, P. P. van der

doi:10.1093/mnras/stv1881

Cited by 11 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 76 publications

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“…6 is consistent with an approximately flat SFR−Lacc relation, in all redshift bins. This is in agreement with some previous studies (e.g Priddey et al 2003;Shao et al 2010;Dicken et al 2012;Mullaney et al 2012b;Harrison et al 2012;Rosario et al 2013;Ma & Yan 2015;Banerji et al 2015;Stanley et al 2015), but not others (e.g. Netzer 2009;Hatziminaoglou et al 2010;Imanishi et al 2011;Rafferty et al 2011;Mullaney et al 2012a;Chen et al 2013;Young et al 2014;Delvecchio et al 2015;Xu et al 2015;Bian et al 2016).…”

Section: Star Formation and Accretion Luminositysupporting

confidence: 92%

Extreme star formation events in quasar hosts over 0.5 <z< 4

Pitchford¹,

Hatziminaoglou²,

Feltre³

et al. 2016

Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc.

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We explore the relationship between active galactic nuclei and star formation in a sample of 513 optically luminous type 1 quasars up to redshifts of ∼4 hosting extremely high star formation rates (SFRs). The quasars are selected to be individually detected by the Herschel SPIRE instrument at > 3σ at 250 µm, leading to typical SFRs of order of 1000 M yr −1 . We find the average SFRs to increase by almost a factor 10 from z ∼ 0.5 to z ∼ 3, mirroring the rise in the comoving SFR density over the same epoch. However, we find that the SFRs remain approximately constant with increasing accretion luminosity for accretion luminosities above 10 12 L . We also find that the SFRs do not correlate with black hole mass. Both of these results are most plausibly explained by the existence of a self-regulation process by the starburst at high SFRs, which controls SFRs on time-scales comparable to or shorter than the AGN or starburst duty cycles. We additionally find that SFRs do not depend on Eddington ratio at any redshift, consistent with no relation between SFR and black hole growth rate per unit black hole mass. Finally, we find that high-ionisation broad absorption line (HiBAL) quasars have indistinguishable far-infrared properties to those of classical quasars, consistent with HiBAL quasars being normal quasars observed along a particular line of sight, with the outflows in HiBAL quasars not having any measurable effect on the star formation in their hosts.

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Section: Star Formation and Accretion Luminositysupporting

confidence: 92%

Extreme star formation events in quasar hosts over 0.5 <z< 4

Pitchford¹,

Hatziminaoglou²,

Feltre³

et al. 2016

Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc.

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“…They find a significant increase in stacked submm flux above L 2−10 keV = 10 44 erg s −1 . Similar results are also reported by Rosario et al (2012); Rovilos et al (2012) and Banerji et al (2015).…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…These Chandra surveys probe deeper (up to 7 Ms / 2 Ms exposures, down to sensitivities of 1.9 × 10 −17 / 1.2 × 10 −17 erg cm −2 s −1 for the deepest surveys in the preliminary and multi-wavelength samples respectively) than X-ray surveys used in previous work (e.g. 9.3 × 10 −15 erg cm −2 s −1 , from Banerji et al 2015). By combining both small area, deep surveys and wide shallow surveys, we obtain a well-distributed sample of X-ray luminosities across the redshift range of interest.…”

Section: X-ray Datamentioning

confidence: 83%

“…Here we present the results of a much larger study at 850 µm than has previously been attempted (sample size a factor ∼ 3 larger than previous work, e.g. Banerji et al 2015), investigating both individual submm detection rates and median stacked 'average' sources, over a broader redshift and X-ray luminosity range than equivalent studies using Herschel data. In section 2, we describe the X-ray, submillimetre and multi-wavelength samples used in this study.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Studies investigating the relationship between star formation and AGN activity typically use Herschel data (longest wavelength 500 µm) to estimate SFRs. More recently, a few studies have used 850 µm data from SCUBA-2 (Banerji et al 2015;Barger et al 2015) which offers a number of advantages. The SCUBA-2 beam is smaller than Herschel at its longest wavelengths, resulting in significantly lower confusion noise.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A flat trend of star formation rate with X-ray luminosity of galaxies hosting AGN in the SCUBA-2 Cosmology Legacy Survey

Ramasawmy

Stevens

Martin

2019

Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

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Feedback processes from active galactic nuclei (AGN) are thought to play a crucial role in regulating star formation in massive galaxies. Previous studies using Herschel have resulted in conflicting conclusions as to whether star formation is quenched, enhanced, or not affected by AGN feedback. We use new deep 850 µm observations from the SCUBA-2 Cosmology Legacy survey (S2CLS) to investigate star formation in a sample of X-ray selected AGN, probing galaxies up to L 0.5−7 keV = 10 46 erg s −1 . Here we present the results of our analysis on a sample of 1957 galaxies at 1 < z < 3, using both S2CLS and ancilliary data at seven additional wavelengths (24-500 µm) from Herschel and Spitzer. We perform a stacking analysis, binning our sample by redshift and X-ray luminosity. By fitting analytical spectral energy distributions (SEDs) to decompose contributions from cold and warm dust, we estimate star-formation rates for each 'average' source. We find that the average AGN in our sample resides in a star-forming host galaxy, with SFRs ranging from 80-600 M year −1 . Within each redshift bin, we see no trend of SFR with X-ray luminosity, instead finding a flat distribution of SFR across ∼3 orders of magnitude of AGN luminosity. By studying instantaneous X-ray luminosities and SFRs, we find no evidence that AGN activity affects star formation in host galaxies.

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A SCUBA-2 850 μm survey of heavily reddened quasars at z ∼ 2

Wethers

Banerji

Hewett

et al. 2020

Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

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We present new 850µm SCUBA-2 observations for a sample of 19 heavily reddened Type-I quasars at redshifts z ∼2 with dust extinctions of A V 2 − 6 mag. Three of the 19 quasars are detected at >3σ significance corresponding to an 850µm flux-limit of 4.8 mJy. Assuming the 850µm flux is dominated by dust heating due to star formation, very high star formation rates (SFR) of ∼2500-4500 M yr −1 in the quasar host galaxies are inferred. Even when considering a large contribution to the 850µm flux from dust heated by the quasar itself, significant SFRs of ∼600-1500 M yr −1 are nevertheless inferred for two of the three detected quasars. We stack the remaining 16 heavily reddened quasars and derive an average 3σ upper limit on the SFRs in these quasar host galaxies of <880 M yr −1 . The number counts of sub-mm galaxies in the total survey area (134.3 arcmin 2 ) are consistent with predictions from blank-field surveys. There are, however, individual quasars where we find evidence for an excess of associated sub-mm galaxies. For two quasars, higher spatial resolution and spectroscopic ALMA observations confirm the presence of an excess of sub-mm sources. We compare the 850µm detection rate of our quasars to both unobscured, ultraviolet luminous quasars as well as the much more obscured population of mid-infrared luminous Hot Dust Obscured Galaxies (HotDOGs). When matched by luminosity and redshift, we find no significant differences in the 850µm flux densities of these various quasar populations given the current small sample sizes.

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Cold dust emission from X-ray AGN in the SCUBA-2 Cosmology Legacy Survey: dependence on luminosity, obscuration and AGN activity

Cited by 11 publications

References 76 publications

Extreme star formation events in quasar hosts over 0.5 <z< 4

Extreme star formation events in quasar hosts over 0.5 <z< 4

A flat trend of star formation rate with X-ray luminosity of galaxies hosting AGN in the SCUBA-2 Cosmology Legacy Survey

A SCUBA-2 850 μm survey of heavily reddened quasars at z ∼ 2

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