Cold bonded ore–coal composite pellets for sponge ironmaking Part 2 Plant trials in rotary kiln

Agrawal, Bharati; Prasad, K. Krishna; Sarkar, S. B.; Ray, H. S.

doi:10.1179/irs.2001.28.1.23

Cited by 17 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…In the literature, there are mainly studies on the production of self-reducing or composite pellets with organic substances. [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] However, the addition of carbon usually lowers the strength of agglomerates. Therefore, briquettes normally contain less than 10 wt% carbon.…”

Section: Briquetting With a Bindermentioning

confidence: 99%

Briquetting of Fine‐Grained Residues from Iron and Steel Production Using Organic and Inorganic Binders

Lohmeier

Thaler

Harris

et al. 2020

steel research int.

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The Midrex process produces metallurgical residues in the form of dust, sludge, and fines. As these have high iron content, herein, the aim is to recycle the residues and use them as an educt in the Midrex process, thus closing the material cycle and increasing raw material efficiency. Briquetting of these materials with binder is one possibility to prepare them for the use as an educt in the Midrex process. Experiments are conducted to test the suitability of the organic binders starch and cellulose for briquetting. Furthermore, tests with the inorganic bentonite are included for comparison. Briquettes are generally characterized by high strength. However, compared with iron oxide pellets, they have a low porosity and thus a higher apparent density, and consequently, a worse reducibility. The use of organic binders should improve the reducibility. The iron oxides are in close contact with the C‐carrier of the organic binder so that a solid–solid phase direct reduction can take place. Furthermore, the solid carbon reacts to CO, and thus, increases the presence of reducing gas in the enlarged pores of the briquettes, and should therefore increase the degree of reduction.

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Section: Briquetting With a Bindermentioning

confidence: 99%

Briquetting of Fine‐Grained Residues from Iron and Steel Production Using Organic and Inorganic Binders

Lohmeier

Thaler

Harris

et al. 2020

steel research int.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In the 1990s, an attempt was made at SAIL R&D center, Ranchi, India, to use composite pellets as the feed material in a pilot-scale rotary kiln of 8.0 tons per day [85]. The curing of the green pellets using organic binder was done by keeping them in open-atmosphere for 4-7 days to attain dry compression strength of 350-400 N/pellet, and then those were used for reduction.…”

Section: Industrial Use Of Iron Ore-coal Composite Pelletmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review on Reduction Kinetics of Iron Ore–Coal Composite Pellet in Alternative and Sustainable Ironmaking

Mishra

2020

J. Sustain. Metall.

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The use of iron ore-coal composite pellet as a raw material for iron making is an ongoing area of research. Investigations on composite pellet reduction have reported some interesting phenomena, and experimental and modeling results, in which consistent and inconsistent conclusions have been presented in the literature. The aim of this review is to summarize the fundamentals of reduction kinetics of iron ore-coal composite pellet and the effect of various process parameters such as compositions, particle size, pellet geometry, ambient atmosphere and its partial pressure, heating conditions, and compaction pressure, etc., on it. The industrial application of composite pellet is also discussed. This article will be useful for the researchers carrying out experimental as well as modeling work related to the iron oxide-carbon composite pellet reduction.

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“…Many investigators such as Agrawal et al (2000Agrawal et al ( , 2001, Rani Devi and Mazumder (2007), and Misra and Ipicol (2006) considered sponge iron manufacturing process and suggested improvement in it. It is found that during operation in coal-based sponge iron plant a tremendous amount of heat is generated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Development of energy conservations scenarios for sponge iron industry using process integration

Prasad

Khanam³

2011

Energy Efficiency

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This paper presents an approach to find the best modification in the coal-based sponge iron process with an aim to integrate energy in it. For this purpose, a few energy conservation cases are formulated by integrating unutilized energy present in possible areas of process flow sheet. When unutilized energy of the process is properly integrated, energy demand from outside sources can be reduced. It decreases coal consumption as coal is the only source of energy in this plant. For energy integration in sponge iron process pinch technology is applied on the actual data of plant. Based on this data, seven energy conservation cases are identified. Among these, two are selected for detailed analysis based on utility requirement. For these two cases capital investment required for energy integration, coal consumption, water requirement, energy consumption, profit, and payback period are compared. Based on these factors the best case is selected. The integrated design for the best case includes air preheating and cooling of kiln outlet using waste gas. Further, a modified case is discussed with preheating of feed to rotary kiln and air using waste gas. This case consumes 12.3% and 93.7% less energy and water, respectively, and gives 8.6% more profit in comparison to the previous case. Thus, the modified design is selected as the best option for energy integration. This design also satisfies the practical constraints of the process.

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Cold bonded ore–coal composite pellets for sponge ironmaking Part 2 Plant trials in rotary kiln

Cited by 17 publications

References 2 publications

Briquetting of Fine‐Grained Residues from Iron and Steel Production Using Organic and Inorganic Binders

Briquetting of Fine‐Grained Residues from Iron and Steel Production Using Organic and Inorganic Binders

Review on Reduction Kinetics of Iron Ore–Coal Composite Pellet in Alternative and Sustainable Ironmaking

Development of energy conservations scenarios for sponge iron industry using process integration

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