Cold bending of vertical glass plates: Wind loads and geometrical instabilities

Quaglini, Virginio; Cattaneo, Sara; Pettorruso, Carlo; Biolzi, Luigi

doi:10.1016/j.engstruct.2020.110983

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The first approach would produce a rough curved surface by plane splicing, achieving poor outcomes with a large curvature. The second method is one of the most used to manufacture small objects with a large curvature [ 1 ], but it requires a large number of molds to bend glass plates, and the overall complex procedure needs to be carried out at a high temperature, usually above 550°C[ 2 ]. The shortcomings of heat bending often make people unsatisfied.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since the elasticity of the glass is critical in cold-bending, there’s no doubt that permanent stress will be generated inside the glass unit [ 1 ]. Previous researches on cold-bent glass focused on the stress and deformation of the glass plate, including the buckling deformation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…What’s more, even in those studies focusing on such technology, the objects of study are mostly monolithic and laminated glass, such as the study on the buckling phenomenon of monolithic glass by double curved cold bending [ 12 ], and the analysis of shear stress of laminated glass [ 13 , 14 ]. Although theoretical analysis and numerical simulation occupy a large and important part in research on cold-bent glass, there is a trend in recent years that cold-bent glass can be studied through experiments, such as Spagnoli A et al [ 13 ] studied the geometric nonlinear bending of plates, and Quaglini V et al [ 1 ] studied the mechanical response of cold-bent parabolic-shaped glass panels, while the relevant research is very scarce for insulating glass, especially in the use of experimental methods. However, insulating glass is largely used in curtain walls and building envelopes in most countries and regions [ 14 ], as it can greatly reduce the energy consumption of the whole building while providing excellent thermal insulation compared to the other two.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Study on the mechanical response of anticlastic cold bending insulating glass and its coupling effect with uniform load

2021

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Cold bending is a characteristic of significance for the beautiful curved glass curtain walls, because it affects them in terms of energy-efficiency and cost-efficiency. The increasing engineering projects call for more special studies on the mechanical properties of cold-bent glass panels, especially when the walls are built by insulating glass that is currently widely used while its relevant research is very scarce. This paper is devoted to studying the mechanical properties of anticlastic cold-bent insulating glass while taking different factors into consideration, including glass thickness, cold-bent torsion rate and cavity thickness. 9 pieces of insulating glass were manufactured for anticlastic cold-bending test and their coupled effect with identical load is also studied, and numerical finite element analysis sessions were carried out to simulate the experimental results for each one of them. Further, we analyzed the stress distribution performance of the sample pieces under cold bending and a uniform load, followed by discussions about stress transfer controls in glass plates. The results showed that the cold-bent control stress is on the surface with direct loads from cold bending and close to the cold-bent corner on the short edge, and it is transferred from the parts around the corner to the center when the uniform load plays a leading role in generating stress. This transfer could occur under a relatively small load with a small cold-bent torsion rate. A higher cold-bent torsion rate in cold bending contributed mostly to greater center stress in the glass, and as the glass thickness grows, stress and deflection at the plate center would significantly drop. However, the effect of cavity thickness on the anticlastic mechanical response of insulating glass was found to be trivial.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Study on the mechanical response of anticlastic cold bending insulating glass and its coupling effect with uniform load

2021

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“…The stress will not disappear after the glass pane is installed in place. The coupling effect of cold bending stress and external load belongs to the stress problem of thin plates with primary stress, and the primary stress or initial deflection affects the mechanical properties of the glass pane [9]. The displacement generated by cold bending and loading is generally much larger than the thickness of the glass pane, and it has obvious geometric nonlinear characteristics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Study on Single Corner Cold Bending Mechanical Response of Laminated of PVB Interlayer Tempered Glass Panes and the Coupling Effect with Load

Zhang

Zhou

2021

Materials

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The cold bending method is a type of curved glass curtain wall construction method that has been used in practical engineering for a short time. It has the advantages of simple operation, high efficiency and low cost. However, the mechanical response and properties of glass panes caused by cold bending have not been solved effectively. To study the mechanical response and the properties of cold formed laminated tempered glass panes after applying with a wind load, cold bending and load tests of 9 laminated tempered glass panes were conducted by the orthogonal experimental design method. The effects of cold bending curvature, glass pane thickness and interlayer thickness were considered. In this paper, the response law of cold bending stress to the curvature and the relationship among the influencing factors were analyzed. The variation process of stress, the deflection of cold-formed glass panes under uniform load and the characteristics affected by cold-formed stress and deformation were studied. The results show that the cold bending stress is distributed in a saddle shape, and the curvature has the greatest influence on the cold bending stress, followed by the thickness of the glass panes. The influence of the interlayer thickness is small. The maximum stress appears near the corner of the short side direction adjacent to the cold bending corner. The cold bending stress increases linearly with increasing cold bending curvature. The cold bending stress and deformation have little effect on the change process of the later stage load effect.

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“…The authors found that elastic spring-back and long-term recovery of the PVB glass panels at room temperature exhibited a non-linear loss of the initial deformation. Quaglini et al [16] investigated the mechanical response of glass shells cold-bent into hyperparaboloid shapes with a focus on two subjects, namely the application of cold-bending procedures to vertically oriented panels instead of horizontal ones (which allowed for the minimization of the disturbance from the initial deflection due to self-weight), and the impact of wind load on curved glass panels installed on glazing façades. Nehring et al [17] performed a numeric and experimental study on the parameters relevant to the load-bearing capacity of cold-bent glass (e.g., time-and temperature-dependent material behaviors, geometry, and other supporting conditions), and proposed a design method for two exemplary cold-bent structures (uniaxial or double curved).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Experimental Study on Cold-Bending Stress and Its Reverse-Coupling Effect with the Uniform Load on Cold-Bent SGP Laminated Glass

2021

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SentryGlas® Plus (SGP) laminated glass is a novel type of safety glass with high strength and stiffness. On the other hand, cold bending is a novel technique to build curved glass curtain walls, and is advantageous in terms of its greater energy efficiency and cost-effectiveness as well as its simple construction processes. The cold bending of SGP laminated glass could result in broad applications for the material and provide huge economic benefits in the field of glass curtain wall construction. To study cold-bending stress and its reverse-coupling effect with the uniform load in SGP laminated glass panels, single-corner cold-bending tests, uniform load tests, and ultimate capacity tests were conducted on eight pieces of such panels with different cold-bending curvatures and interlayer thicknesses. The results revealed that cold-bending stress in the glass panels under single-corner cold bending demonstrated a saddle-shaped distribution, with the maximum and second-largest cold-bending stresses located near the corner of the short side and the long side adjacent to the cold-bending corner, respectively. The cold-bending stress and coupling stress increased nonlinearly as the cold-bending curvature rose and the interlayer thickness became greater. Moreover, cold-bending curvature was a factor that affected the cold-bending stress and coupling stress more significantly than the interlayer thickness. The ultimate capacity and ultimate deflection of the glass panels decreased as the cold-bending curvature and interlayer thickness grew.

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Cold bending of vertical glass plates: Wind loads and geometrical instabilities

Cited by 12 publications

References 18 publications

Study on the mechanical response of anticlastic cold bending insulating glass and its coupling effect with uniform load

Study on the mechanical response of anticlastic cold bending insulating glass and its coupling effect with uniform load

Experimental Study on Single Corner Cold Bending Mechanical Response of Laminated of PVB Interlayer Tempered Glass Panes and the Coupling Effect with Load

An Experimental Study on Cold-Bending Stress and Its Reverse-Coupling Effect with the Uniform Load on Cold-Bent SGP Laminated Glass

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