Cold atmospheric plasma increases IBRV titer in MDBK cells by orchestrating the host cell network

Abstract

Enhancing virus multiplication could assist in the rapid production of vaccines against viral diseases. Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP), a physical approach relying on reactive oxygen species to achieve the desirable cellular outcome, was shown to be effective in enhancing virus propagation, where bovine rhinotrachieitis virus and Madin-Darby Bovine Kidney cells were used as the modeling virus and cell line, respectively. CAP was shown to create synergies with virus infection in arresting host cells at the G2/M stage, decreasing cell membrane potential, increasing intracellular calcium level, and inducing selective autophagy. In addition, CAP was demonstrated to suppress virus-triggered immunogenic signaling as evaluated by IRF7 expression. We presented evidences on CAP-triggered maximization of host resources toward virus multiplication that is advantageous for viral vaccine production, and opened a novel regime for applying CAP in the sector of medical care and health.

Emerging innovations on exosome-based onco-therapeutics

“…It is a cocktail of multiple reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) such as short-lived species singlet oxygen (O), hydroxyl radical (OH·), superoxide (O 2− ), and nitric oxide (NO·), and long-lived species hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ), ozone (O 3 ), anionic (OONO − ), and protonated (ONOOH) forms of peroxynitrite. These species, by themselves or their interactions, interact with the surface of cancer cells and generate a series of intracellular signalings that selectively arrest cancer cells at various types of death states (such as immunogenic cell death (ICD) ( 154 ), apoptosis ( 150 ), cell-cycle arrest ( 147 ), autophagy ( 155 ), ferroptosis ( 156 )) by perturbating their redox homeostasis. Such a selectivity not only attributes to the higher basal level of cells under the malignant state as compared with their healthy peers but also is associated with the membrane features of cancer cells.…”

Cold Atmospheric Plasma Ameliorates Skin Diseases Involving Reactive Oxygen/Nitrogen Species-Mediated Functions

“…A recent article demonstrated that CAP could promote ROS accumulation in host cells, leading to the lipid peroxidation of the cell membrane, increasing the influx of Ca 2+ , and activating selective autophagy. The phenomenon caused by CAP would accelerate the entry of host cells into G1 and stop at the G2/M stage to increase the nutrients for viral multiplication, which was conducive to the development of new vaccines and clinical treatments (51). Furthermore, although vaccines that treat SARS-CoV-2 have been produced, the continuous mutation of SARS-CoV-2 may reduce the specificity of the vaccines.…”

Cold atmospheric plasmas target breast cancer stemness via modulating AQP3-19Y mediated AQP3-5K and FOXO1 K48-ubiquitination

“…CAP has been used as diverse medical therapies 11 , 12 such as wound healing 13 , sterilization 14 , dental and dermatological treatments 15 , as well as showcased its safety and efficacy in resolving cancers of, e.g., breast 16 , prostate 17 , bladder 18 , brain 19 , 20 due to synergistic actions of its varied reactive components 21 , 22 . Specifically, these reactive species interact with cancer cell surface to selectively arrest cancer cells at various death states such as immunogenic cell death 23 , apoptosis 16 , cell cycle arrest 17 , and autophagy 24 by relaying a series of signalings. Besides intensive preclinical efforts, the first clinical trial using CAP as an oncotherapy had been issued on 30 July 2019 and completed on 14 April 2021 in USA (NCT04267575) with success.…”