Cold activity of Beauveria and Metarhizium, and thermotolerance of Beauveria

Fernandes, Éverton K. K.; Rangel, Drauzio E.N.; Moraes, Áurea Maria Lage de; Bittencourt, Vânia Rita Elias Pinheiro; Roberts, Donald W.

doi:10.1016/j.jip.2007.10.011

Cited by 110 publications

(91 citation statements)

References 37 publications

(47 reference statements)

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“…The temperature of the target eco-system heavily influences growth and pathogenecity (Yeo et al, 2003) as well as speed of germination and kill (Migiro et al, 2010) of a fungal entomopathogen. In agreement with this study, Jaronski (2010) found that conidial germination was adversely affected by and rapidly slowed in temperatures above 30 o C. Similarly, Dimbi et al (2003) (Fernandes et al, 2007).This necessitates the selection of isolates tolerant to the temperature range of the target ecosystem (Ferron et al, 1991) and appropriate formulation (Forgues et al, 1997) as a means to overcome the problem. Niassy et al (2012) were able to demonstrate that kairomone LUREM-TR used for thrips monitoring and autodissemination had detrimental effect on conidial viability of ICIPE 69.…”

Section: Spore Pick-up By Beetlessupporting

confidence: 60%

Field Level Auto-inoculation of Sorghum chafer, Pachnoda interrupta (Olivier) (Coleoptera: Scarabaedae) with Metarhizium anisopliae based Microbial Bio-control Agents using Locally Affordable Traps

Habtegebreiel¹,

Getu²,

Dawd³

et al. 2016

JBC

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Sorghum chafer, Pachnoda interrupta (Olivier), is the most serious pest of sorghum in Ethiopia destroying the entire fields at the milk stage and causing up to 100% yield loss. Current control methods entirely depend on direct spraying and baiting with insecticides which does not provide long lasting control. Efficient biological control agents such as entomopathogenic fungi that can control the pest in the breeding sites need to be developed. Traps equipped with auto-inoculation devices are important alternative methods to spread entomopathogens into insect pest populations. Field studies on fungal auto-inoculation trap development from locally available materials conducted over three feeding and two mating seasons of P. interrupta resulted in two efficient auto-inoculation traps (AIT1 and AIT2) baited with a five compounds blend lure which were not significantly different in catch performance with the standard Japanese beetle trap. Two selected virulent isolates of Metarhizium anisopliae (PPRC51 and PPRC2) were tested for field efficacy using these two designs of locally affordable auto-inoculation traps loaded with 1gm of dry conidia. Using AIT1, PPRC51 and PPRC2 induced 41% and 40% field mortality respectively, on P. interrupta adults under high temperature and low relative humidity conditions, while highest field viability of the two isolates five days after application was 36 % and 40 % for PPRC51 and PPRC2, respectively. Based on the catch performance, field efficacy and viability data observed, the two AIT's are recommended for further development to be used with PPRC51 and PPRC2 for augmentation biological control in the pest's natural habitat as a component of integrated pest management against P. interrupta.

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Section: Spore Pick-up By Beetlessupporting

confidence: 60%

Field Level Auto-inoculation of Sorghum chafer, Pachnoda interrupta (Olivier) (Coleoptera: Scarabaedae) with Metarhizium anisopliae based Microbial Bio-control Agents using Locally Affordable Traps

Habtegebreiel¹,

Getu²,

Dawd³

et al. 2016

JBC

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“…This is in contrast to the high mortality rates observed for both isolates at 10-22 °C. Other authors have described that some B. bassiana isolates have low tolerance towards both heat and UV-B radiation, whereas the same isolates remained active at low temperatures (FERNANDES et al, 2008). James et al (1998) also observed that B. bassiana induced high rates of insect mortality at low temperatures; however, disease progression was faster at moderate temperatures.…”

Section: Assessment Of Unioeste 4 and Unioeste 40 Virulence At All Tementioning

confidence: 88%

“…Sun et al (2003) obtained similar results and concluded that besides reducing the rate of germination, high temperatures negatively affect disease transmission among insects. Other authors have also reported that increased exposure of the fungus to lower temperatures reduces the germination of conidia, possibly to zero (FERNANDES et al, 2008).…”

Section: Pre-selectionmentioning

confidence: 95%

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Selection, assessment of virulence to Alphitobius diaperinus, and Pr1 enzyme production of Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill. isolates cultured at stress temperatures

2015

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The entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana is a promising agent for use in insect control. Its pathogenic activity, as well as other factors such as temperature that can interfere with its development, should be assessed, thus, establishing the foundations for B. bassiana use in biological control programs. The objective of this study was to select and induce tolerance of B. bassiana isolates to high and low temperatures and to assess their virulence before and after exposure to those temperatures. A pre-selection test was performed, in which the tolerance of isolates to stress temperatures was tested and compared to the ideal growth temperature of 25 °C for this organism. For the isolates/temperature combinations resulting in growth, conidia germination and colony-forming units (CFUs) were assessed. The isolates Unioeste 4 and Unioeste 40 exhibited >95% germinated conidia at 16 and 31 °C. Thereafter, they underwent four consecutive passages at maximum and minimum tolerated temperatures (10 and 37 °C). A significant difference in germination was observed between the two isolates at all temperatures tested. More CFUs were observed for Unioeste 4 compared to Unioeste 40 at all temperatures, and in the case of the latter, there was no difference in CFU formation at 10 and 25 °C. For both isolates, decreased vegetative growth was observed at 37 °C. Recovery of virulence was observed in both isolates, as determined by insect mortality. No relationship was observed between production of the enzyme Pr1 and the virulence of the isolates. Key words: Entomopathogenic fungus, lesser mealworm, aviary, protease ResumoO fungo entomopatogênico Beauveria bassiana é relatado como um promissor agente de controle de insetos. É necessário investigar a atividade patogênica e também fatores como a temperatura que pode interferir no seu desenvolvimento, estabelecendo assim bases para o seu uso em programas de controle biológico. O objetivo desse trabalho foi selecionar e induzir a tolerância a temperaturas baixas e elevadas de B. bassiana e verificar a virulência desses antes e após a exposição às temperaturas. Realizou-se uma pré-seleção, onde foi verificada a tolerância dos isolados as temperaturas de estresse, os testes foram comparados à temperatura de 25 °C ideal para o crescimento desse microrganismo. Para os isolados/temperaturas onde houve crescimento, foi avaliada a germinação de conídios e unidades formadoras de colônias. Os isolados Unioeste 4 e Unioeste 40 apresentaram mais de 95% de conídios germinados nas temperaturas de 16 °C e 31 °C. Em seguida para esses mesmos isolados foram feitas quatro repicagens consecutivas nas temperaturas máxima e mínima tolerada (10 °C e 37 °C). Para a germinação foi observada diferença significativa entre os dois isolados em todas as temperaturas. Foi observada a maior formação de UFC para o isolado Unioeste 4 quando comparado com o Unioeste 40 em todas as temperaturas. Para esse mesmo isolado não houve diferença entre as temperaturas de 10 °C e 25 °C. Para ambos os isolados o me...

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“…Thus, the selection of strains with the best inherent tolerance to UV is an important step to select the most promising entomopathogenic fungi as biological control agents. Isolate screening for better tolerance to UV radiation as documented by Fernandes et al (2015) as well as screening for superior tolerance to heat and higher virulence as documented elsewhere (Alston et al 2005;Rangel et al 2005Rangel et al , 2010Fernandes et al 2008Fernandes et al , 2009Fernandes et al , 2010Fernandes et al , 2011 are important for the successful biological control of insects in agriculture. Although the use of UV lamps in the laboratory does not represent the complexity of the field tests, it does provide a useful technique to help find ways to increase the resistance to UV radiation of entomopathogenic fungi, which will eventually undergo the ultimate tests under field conditions.…”

Section: Topics Covered In This Special Issuementioning

confidence: 99%

Fungal stress biology: a preface to the Fungal Stress Responses special edition

et al. 2015

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There is currently an urgent need to increase global food security, reverse the trends of increasing cancer rates, protect environmental health, and mitigate climate change. Toward these ends, it is imperative to improve soil health and crop productivity, reduce food spoilage, reduce pesticide usage by increasing the use of biological control, optimize bioremediation of polluted sites, and generate energy from sustainable sources such as biofuels. This review focuses on fungi that can help provide solutions to such problems. We discuss key aspects of fungal stress biology in the context of the papers published in this Special Issue of Current Genetics. This area of biology has relevance to pure and applied research on fungal (and indeed other) systems, including biological control of insect pests, roles of saprotrophic fungi in agriculture and forestry, mycotoxin contamination of the food-supply chain, optimization of microbial fermentations including those used for bioethanol production, plant pathology, the limits of life on Earth, and astrobiology.

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Cold activity of Beauveria and Metarhizium, and thermotolerance of Beauveria

Cited by 110 publications

References 37 publications

Field Level Auto-inoculation of Sorghum chafer, <I>Pachnoda interrupta</I> (Olivier) (Coleoptera: Scarabaedae) with <I>Metarhizium anisopliae</I> based Microbial Bio-control Agents using Locally Affordable Traps

Field Level Auto-inoculation of Sorghum chafer, <I>Pachnoda interrupta</I> (Olivier) (Coleoptera: Scarabaedae) with <I>Metarhizium anisopliae</I> based Microbial Bio-control Agents using Locally Affordable Traps

Selection, assessment of virulence to Alphitobius diaperinus, and Pr1 enzyme production of Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill. isolates cultured at stress temperatures

Fungal stress biology: a preface to the Fungal Stress Responses special edition

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