Coking behavior and kinetics study of a catalytic in-situ combustion process for heavy oil

13C Solid-State NMR Analysis of the Chemical Structure in Petroleum Coke during Idealized In Situ Combustion Conditions

“… 5 , 6 In the combustion zone, coke is an important intermediate fuel and is the main energy source for thermal cracking and for maintaining stable combustion in the process of in situ combustion, and the stable combustion of coke is required for the stable advancement of the ISC leading edge, formation of which is one of the key factors that determine the economy, feasibility, and applicability of the ISC project. 7 , 8 Therefore, regulating coke formation and controlling the reaction is key for the success of ISC projects. Coke is formed during the combustion stage both in the low-temperature oxidation (LTO) and the high-temperature oxidation (HTO) reactions.…”

“…ISC mainly refers to injecting air or any gas containing oxygen into the reservoir and igniting the oil reservoir under high temperature, using petroleum coke deposited by oxidation cracking of crude oil as fuel to maintain the combustion front, where the combined action of heat and flue gas would induce an oil displacement and enhanced oil recovery, facilitating the movement of the oil flow toward the production well along with in situ-generated heat energy, CO 2 mixed with injected N 2 , evaporation of light oil fractions, etc. , In the combustion zone, coke is an important intermediate fuel and is the main energy source for thermal cracking and for maintaining stable combustion in the process of in situ combustion, and the stable combustion of coke is required for the stable advancement of the ISC leading edge, formation of which is one of the key factors that determine the economy, feasibility, and applicability of the ISC project. , Therefore, regulating coke formation and controlling the reaction is key for the success of ISC projects. Coke is formed during the combustion stage both in the low-temperature oxidation (LTO) and the high-temperature oxidation (HTO) reactions .…”