1992
DOI: 10.1016/0165-0572(92)90010-e
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Cointegration tests of energy consumption, income, and employment

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Cited by 281 publications
(113 citation statements)
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References 15 publications
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“…However, compared with other previous studies our findings contradict, on the one hand, those of Kraft and Kraft (1978) and Al-Iriani (2006), who found a uni-directional causal relationship running from economic growth to energy consumption, and, on the other, those of Lee (2005), and Apergis and Payne (2009b), who inferred that causality runs from energy consumption to economic growth. Further, our empirical results also refute the neutrality hypothesis as proposed by Erol and Yu (1987), Yu and Jin (1992) and Masih and Masih (1996).…”
Section: Dynamic Panel Causalitysupporting
confidence: 67%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…However, compared with other previous studies our findings contradict, on the one hand, those of Kraft and Kraft (1978) and Al-Iriani (2006), who found a uni-directional causal relationship running from economic growth to energy consumption, and, on the other, those of Lee (2005), and Apergis and Payne (2009b), who inferred that causality runs from energy consumption to economic growth. Further, our empirical results also refute the neutrality hypothesis as proposed by Erol and Yu (1987), Yu and Jin (1992) and Masih and Masih (1996).…”
Section: Dynamic Panel Causalitysupporting
confidence: 67%
“…Granger test South Korea Growth Energy Philippines Engery Growth Erol and Yu (1987) Bivar. Granger test USA Energy ¬ Growth Yu and Jin (1992) Bivar. Granger test USA Energy ¬ Growth Masih and Masih (1996) Trivar Lee and Lee (2010) as well as Costantini and Martini (2010) used a panel vector error-correction specification for the trivariate model.…”
Section: Literature Reviewmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The interesting part is, they did not find any causal linkages for the United States, United Kingdom and Poland; but they found a causal relationship between income and total energy consumption for South Korea; and unidirectional causality total energy consumption and income for the Philippines. Yu and Jin [35] also have study the cointegration scenario between energy consumption and output growth in the United States using monthly data. Again, the results indicates that energy consumption do not have long run causality with income and employment.…”
Section: Literature Reviewmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Some of them have proved the relationship and some of the not proved the relationship between energy and development. (Cheng, 1995) (Yu E. J., 1992). It has been also proved that energy is essential for development, whereas, eco-efficient and clean energy is critical for sustainable development.…”
Section: Review Of Literaturementioning
confidence: 99%