Coinfection of novel goose parvovirus–associated virus and duck circovirus in feather sacs of Cherry Valley ducks with feather shedding syndrome

Yang, Yanmei; Sui, Nana; Zhang, Ruihua; Lan, Jingjing; Li, Pengfei; Lian, Cai-Yu; Li, Hanqing; Xie, Zhixun; Shi-jin, Jiang

doi:10.1016/j.psj.2020.05.013

Cited by 17 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Parvovirus was reported to be co-infected with multiple viruses, causing more severe disease. For example, co-infection of equine parvovirus-hepatitis (EqPV-H) and equine hepatitis virus (EqHV) causes fulminant equine hepatitis [18]; co-infection of goose parvovirus-associated virus with duck circovirus causes feather shedding syndrome (FSS) [19]; co-infection of Parvovirus B19 with in uenza A/H1N1 causes fulminant myocarditis and pneumonia [20]. In the most pig-producing country, a high level of PPV and PCV co-infection is common.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

WITHDRAWN: A Retrospective Study of Prevalence of Porcine Parvoviruses 6 in Guangxi, China and Its Co-Infection with Porcine Circovirus

Zhou

Liu

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Background Parvovirus can infect human and a variety of animals (such as pigs, dogs, cats, etc.). Porcine parvovirus is characterized by infertility, mummified fetuses, early embryonic death, and stillbirths. Worldwide, many porcine parvoviruses (PPVs) have been linked to porcine circovirus (PCV) associated disease (PCVAD). Results By PCR amplification and sequencing, the total PPV6-positive rate was 12.5% (62/497) and the positive rate of PPV6 ranged from 12.0–17.6% in differently city. Meanwhile, we found that the positive rate of PPV6 co-infection with PCV (69.4%) was significantly higher than that of PPV6 infection alone (30.6%) (p < 0.01). The positive rate of PPV6 co-infected with PCV2 was significantly higher than that of PPV6 co-infection with PCV3 and PCV4. Of ten PPV6 isolates, six isolates were 6112 nt in length and four isolates were 6111 nucleotides (nt) in length. Compared with the reference strains, we found that the 3' UTRs of ten strains are lacked 14 and 15 bases, respectively, which leads to significant changes in the RNA secondary structure. Within the VP1 unique region, compared with PPV1, PPV2 and PPV3, the motifs of the Ca2+ binding loop (YTGPR) and the catalytic residues (HDIRY) of putative secretory PLA2 were very conserved without amino acid mutation. Phylogenetic analysis of the NS1 gene showed that all PPV6 isolates were located in the genus Copiparvovirus together with PPV4 and PPV5. Phylogenetic analysis of the VP1 gene showed that all PPV6 strains isolated from China clustered in group B, except for the three Chinese strains that clustered in group A. Combined with the results of multiple sequence alignment and genetic evolution, we found a total of 14 amino acid mutation related to phylogenetic tree branches (R14K/Q, I116L/K/T, N788S, R789/M, S/T791H, M792H, A815S, D873G, N919S, R938K, S941T, R1013H, T1038N, T1042D/Y). Compared with PPV6 sequences in different geographic regions, the VP1 gene is more prone to mutation than NS1 gene. From which, two adaptive mutations were found in NS1 (Q3H, P20H) and VP1 (A619T, Q730E), respectively. In addition, we predicted the B cell and T lymphoid epitopes of the NS1 and VP1 genes of 10 PPV6 strains, respectively, and speculated that compare with VP1, the NS1 gene is more suitable as an epitope vaccine target. Conclusion In summary, our findings provide new insight into the prevalence of PPV6 in Guangxi, China, as well as lay the foundation for the study of virus infection mechanism.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

WITHDRAWN: A Retrospective Study of Prevalence of Porcine Parvoviruses 6 in Guangxi, China and Its Co-Infection with Porcine Circovirus

Zhou

Liu

et al. 2022

Preprint

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“…These are consistent with the results reported by Yang et al. (2020), indicating further mutations in NGPV and making NGPV one of the important pathogens of duck feather shedding syndrome.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Characterizing two novel goose parvoviruses with different origins

Zhu

Yang²,

Zhang

et al. 2022

Transbounding Emerging Dis

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Outbreaks of short beak dwarf syndrome caused by novel goose parvovirus (NGPV) have been prevalent in China since 2015, resulting in a high mortality rate of ducks.Herein we evaluated differences between two NGPV strains: Muscovy duck-origin (AH190917-RP: MD17) and Cherry Valley duck-origin (JS191021-RP: CVD21) NGPV.Both of them showed certain level of pathogenicity to primary duck embryo fibroblasts, Cherry Valley duck embryos and ducklings. CVD21 showed comparatively stronger pathogenicity than MD17. Only CVD21 caused obvious cytopathic effect (CPE), characterized by cell shedding; further, the virus titer of MD17 and CVD21 was 10 2.571 ELD 50 (i.e. median embryo lethal dose)/0.2 ml and 10 6.156 ELD 50 /0.2 ml, respectively, and the mortality rate of CVD21-and MD17-infected Cherry Valley ducklings was 100% and 80%, respectively. In addition, CVD21 had a greater influence on the growth and development of ducklings. Furthermore, we found that MD17 could infect Muscovy duck embryos and produce lesions similar to Cherry Valley duck embryos, but it could not infect Muscovy duck embryo fibroblasts (MDEFs,) and Muscovy ducklings.MDV21 had no infection to MDEFs, Muscovy duck embryo and Muscovy ducklings. We then sequenced the complete genome of the two isolates to enable genomic characterization. The complete genome of MD17 and CVD21 was 5046 and 5050 nucleotides in length, respectively. Nucleotide alignment, amino acid analysis and phylogenetic tree analysis revealed that MD17 showed higher homology to goose parvovirus (GPV), while CVD21 demonstrated stronger similarity with NGPV. Moreover, the two isolates shared 95.8% homology, with encoded proteins showing multiple amino acid variations. Our findings indicate that Muscovy ducks seem to have played a crucial role in the evolution of GPV to NGPV. We believe that our data should serve as a foundation for further studying the genetic evolution of waterfowl parvoviruses and their pathogenic mechanisms.

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“…DuCV is frequently isolated from ducks together with other viral or bacterial pathogens [ 14 , 25 ]. In two prevalence studies conducted in the areas affected by SBDS in China, the co-infection rate of nGPV and DuCV was found to be 63.53% and 70% in Pekin ducks [ 4 , 26 ]. Interestingly, in the more recent study, nGPV with distinct mutation pattern in Vp3 protein was isolated from feather sacks of ducks suffering from feather shedding syndrome that is caused by DuCV [ 26 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In two prevalence studies conducted in the areas affected by SBDS in China, the co-infection rate of nGPV and DuCV was found to be 63.53% and 70% in Pekin ducks [ 4 , 26 ]. Interestingly, in the more recent study, nGPV with distinct mutation pattern in Vp3 protein was isolated from feather sacks of ducks suffering from feather shedding syndrome that is caused by DuCV [ 26 ]. Recently, the effect of co-infections was studied in detail in experimental settings [ 27 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Short Beak and Dwarfism Syndrome in Ducks in Poland Caused by Novel Goose Parvovirus

Matczuk

Chmielewska-Władyka

Siedlecka

et al. 2020

Animals

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Short beak and dwarfism syndrome (SBDS), which was previously identified only in mule ducks, is now an emerging disease of Pekin ducks in China and Egypt. The disease is caused by the infection of ducks with a genetic variant of goose parvovirus—novel goose parvovirus (nGPV). In 2019, SBDS was observed for the first time in Poland in eight farms of Pekin ducks. Birds in the affected flock were found to show growth retardation and beak atrophy with tongue protrusions. Morbidity ranged between 15% and 40% (in one flock), while the mortality rate was 4–6%. Co-infection with duck circovirus, a known immunosuppressive agent, was observed in 85.7% of ducks. The complete coding regions of four isolates were sequenced and submitted to GenBank. The phylogenetic analysis revealed a close relationship of Polish viral sequences with the Chinese nGPV. Genomic sequence alignments showed 98.57–99.28% identity with the nGPV sequences obtained in China, and 96.42% identity with the classical GPV (cGPV; Derzsy’s disease). The rate of amino acid mutations in comparison to cGPV and Chinese nGPV was higher in the Rep protein than in the Vp1 protein. To our knowledge, this is the first report of nGPV infection in Pekin ducks in Poland and Europe. It should be emphasized that monitoring and sequencing of waterfowl parvoviruses is important for tracking the viral genetic changes that enable adaptation to new species of waterbirds.

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Coinfection of novel goose parvovirus–associated virus and duck circovirus in feather sacs of Cherry Valley ducks with feather shedding syndrome

Cited by 17 publications

References 41 publications

WITHDRAWN: A Retrospective Study of Prevalence of Porcine Parvoviruses 6 in Guangxi, China and Its Co-Infection with Porcine Circovirus

WITHDRAWN: A Retrospective Study of Prevalence of Porcine Parvoviruses 6 in Guangxi, China and Its Co-Infection with Porcine Circovirus

Characterizing two novel goose parvoviruses with different origins

Short Beak and Dwarfism Syndrome in Ducks in Poland Caused by Novel Goose Parvovirus

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