Coinfection by Ureaplasma spp., Photobacterium damselae and an Actinomyces-like microorganism in a bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) with pleuropneumonia stranded along the Adriatic coast of Italy

Francesco, Gabriella Di; Cammà, Cesare; Curini, Valentina; Mazzariol, Sandro; Proietto, Umberto; Francesco, Cristina Esmeralda Di; Ferri, Nicola; Provvido, Andrea Di; Guardo, Giovanni Di

doi:10.1016/j.rvsc.2016.01.022

Cited by 13 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 20 publications

(24 reference statements)

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“…P. damselae subsp. damselae is increasingly found in stranded marine mammals but little is known about its precise etiological responsibility [ 39 , 56 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuropathological Characterization of Dolphin Morbillivirus Infection in Cetaceans Stranded in Italy

Giorda

Crociara

Iulini

et al. 2022

Animals

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Cetacean morbillivirus (CeMV) is responsible for epidemic and endemic fatalities in free-ranging cetaceans. Neuro-inflammation sustained by CeMV is a leading cause of death in stranded cetaceans. A novel dolphin morbillivirus (DMV) strain of Atlantic origin circulating in Italian waters since early 2016 has caused acute/subacute lesions associated with positive immunolabelling of the virus. To date, myelin damage has not been fully documented and investigated in cetaceans. This study describes neuropathological findings in the brain tissue of 31 cetaceans found stranded along the Italian coastline and positive for DMV infection on molecular testing. Cell changes in the areas of myelinopathy were revealed by double indirect immunofluorescence. The most frequent DMV-associated lesions were astro-microgliosis, neuronal necrosis, spongiosis, malacia, and non-suppurative meningoencephalitis. Myelin reduction and areas of demyelination were revealed by means of a specific myelin biomarker. Morbilliviral antigen immunolabelling was mainly observed in neurons and microglial cells, in association with a marked activation of microglia and astrocytes. These findings extend our knowledge of DMV-associated brain lesions and shed light on their pathogenesis.

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“…P. damselae subsp. damselae is increasingly found in stranded marine mammals but little is known about its precise etiological responsibility [ 39 , 56 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuropathological Characterization of Dolphin Morbillivirus Infection in Cetaceans Stranded in Italy

Giorda

Crociara

Iulini

et al. 2022

Animals

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“…Recently, some Photobacterium spp. has been considered a pathogen species in dolphins (40)(41)(42). Photobacterium species frequently interact with marine creatures in unspecified microbes, protozoa, and saprophytes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fecal and gastric fluid microbiome profiles in the indopacific bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops aduncus)

Indrawati¹,

Safika²,

Ningrum³

et al. 2022

IJVS

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The microbiota of the gastrointestinal system of dolphins has received significant interest recently. Moreover, little is understood about the microbiomes found in the stomachs of Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops aduncus). This study aimed to evaluate the biodiversity of bacterial microbiota in the digestive system of T. aduncus. In the present study, 18 samples were obtained from an ex-situ conservation area, Wersut Seguni Indonesia, Kendal, Indonesia, and processed for bacterial DNA extraction. A total of 7 samples were qualified as representative samples for the 16S metagenomic sequencing. The bacterial composition revealed that the Shewanellaceae was significantly higher in the stomach than in the gut. As a result, the abundance of the microbiome in gastric and stool samples showed significant differences. In contrast, the Peptostreptococcaceae was found in greater abundance in the gut than in the stomach. At the species level, we successfully found emerging zoonotic pathogens involving Shewanella algae and Shewanella xiamenensis. This report is the first study to explore the bacterial diversity in gastro of T. aduncus.

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“…which could suggest that the exposure of these animals to environmental contaminants/ pathogens was a major contributor to their respiratory infections ( 36 – 38 ). Respiratory infections associated Vibrio damselae have been documented in stranded dolphins and from skin wounds in animals held in open ocean pens ( 39 – 41 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Macroscopic and Histopathologic Findings From a Mass Stranding of Rough-Toothed Dolphins (Steno bredanensis) in 2005 on Marathon Key, Florida, USA

et al. 2020

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On March 2, 2005 ~70 rough-toothed dolphins ( Steno bredanensis ) mass stranded along mud flats and associated canals on the Atlantic Ocean side of Marathon Key, Florida. Forty-six were necropsied and placed into two groups for analysis: Group-1 animals ( N = 34; 65%) that died prior to medical intervention and rehabilitative efforts and Group-2 animals ( N = 12; 35%) that died in rehabilitation. Thirty-four animals were females (18 adults, 5 juvenile/subadult, 7 calves, and 4 of undetermined age) and 12 were males (6 adults, 4 juvenile/subadults, 1 calf, and 1 of undetermined age). Body condition overall was fair to good in Group-1 and fair to poor in Group-2. Lesions were observed in multiple body systems. Greater than 90% of animals in both groups had respiratory lesions. Verminous sinusitis and bronchopneumonia were 2–3 times more prevalent in Group-2. Capture/exertional rhabdomyolysis was observed in Group-2 (42%). Vacuolar hepatopathies were observed in both groups including hepatic lipidosis (Group-1) and mixed etiologies (Group-2). Pancreatic and gastrointestinal tract pathologies were prevalent in Group-2 animals 56 and 75%, respectively, and included gastritis, gastric ulceration, enterocolitis, pancreatic atrophy, and pancreatitis related to physiologic stress. Group-2 more frequently had evidence of hemorrhagic diathesis present which included increased extramedullary hematopoiesis in various organs, increased hemosiderosis, and hemorrhage and hemorrhagic drainage in various organs. Central nervous system disease, primarily edema, and mild inflammation were equally prevalent. Renal proteinuria, tubular necrosis, and pigmentary deposition were observed in Group-2. Dental attrition was observed in ~40% of the groups. Gammaherpesviral-associated pharyngeal plaques were observed in 46 and 54% of Group-1 and 2 animals, respectively. Other lesions observed were mild and incidental with a frequency rate <20%. The findings from this Steno stranding provide a unique window into baseline individual and population clinical conditions and additional perspective into potential clinical sequelae of rehabilitation efforts.

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Coinfection by Ureaplasma spp., Photobacterium damselae and an Actinomyces-like microorganism in a bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) with pleuropneumonia stranded along the Adriatic coast of Italy

Cited by 13 publications

References 20 publications

Neuropathological Characterization of Dolphin Morbillivirus Infection in Cetaceans Stranded in Italy

Neuropathological Characterization of Dolphin Morbillivirus Infection in Cetaceans Stranded in Italy

Fecal and gastric fluid microbiome profiles in the indopacific bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops aduncus)

Macroscopic and Histopathologic Findings From a Mass Stranding of Rough-Toothed Dolphins (Steno bredanensis) in 2005 on Marathon Key, Florida, USA

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