Coincidence of COVID-19 epidemic and olfactory dysfunction outbreak in Iran

Bagheri, Seyed Hamidreza; Asghari, Alimohamad; Farhadi, Mohammad; Shamshiri, Ahmad Reza; Kabir, Ali; Kamrava, Seyed Kamran; Jalessi, Maryam; Mohebbi, Alireza; Alizadeh, Rafieh; Honarmand, Ali Asghar; Ghalehbaghi, Babak; Salimi, Alireza; Firouzabadi, Fatemeh Dehghani

doi:10.47176/mjiri.34.62

Cited by 114 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…[10][11][12] Quantitative olfactory dysfunction includes both hyposmia and anosmia, rates of which have varied from 33.9% to 68% among symptomatic COVID-19 patients across several cross-sectional studies. 5,[13][14][15][16] Parosmia, or a distorted sense of smell, is a less common qualitative form of olfactory dysfunction that has been linked to COVID-19 infection and may present in a delayed fashion. 6,7,10,17,18 Parosmia is a condition that typically occurs idiopathically or in the postinfectious or posttraumatic setting.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Features of Parosmia Associated With COVID‐19 Infection

et al. 2021

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Objective To characterize the clinical features, risk factors, symptom time‐course, and quality of life implications for parosmia among coronavirus disease (COVID)‐related olfactory dysfunction patients. Methods Individuals with olfactory dysfunction associated with laboratory‐confirmed or clinically suspected COVID‐19 infection were recruited from otolaryngology and primary care practices over a period from August 2020 to March 2021. Participants completed olfactory dysfunction and quality of life surveys. Results A total of 148 (64.1%) of 231 respondents reported parosmia at some point. Parosmia developed within 1 week of any COVID‐19 symptom onset in 25.4% of respondents, but more than 1 month after symptom onset in 43.4% of respondents. Parosmia was associated with significantly better quantitative olfactory scores on Brief Smell Identification Test (8.7 vs. 7.5, P = .006), but demonstrated worse quality of life scores, including modified brief Questionnaire of Olfactory Dysfunction—Negative Statements and Sino‐Nasal Outcome Test‐22 scores (12.1 vs. 8.5, P < .001; 26.2 vs. 23.2, P = .113). Participants who developed parosmia at any point were significantly younger and less likely to have history of chronic sinusitis than those who did not develop parosmia (40.2 vs. 44.9 years, P = .007; 7.2% vs. 0.7%, P = .006). Conclusion COVID‐19‐associated olfactory dysfunction is frequently linked with development of parosmia, which often presents either at onset of smell loss or in a delayed fashion. Despite better quantitative olfactory scores, respondents with parosmia report decreased quality of life. A majority of respondents with persistent parosmia have sought treatment. Level of Evidence 3 Laryngoscope, 132:633–639, 2022

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Features of Parosmia Associated With COVID‐19 Infection

et al. 2021

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“…It is also worth mentioning that another neurological disorder characteristic of COVID-19, anosmia, is more common in women -63.1% [73]. Patients presenting this symptom are characterised by lower mortality [74] and less frequently manifested influenza-like symptoms [75].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Autoimmune mediated hyperkinetic movement disorders in SARS-CoV-2 infection — a systematic review

Hirschfeld

2021

Neurol Neurochir Pol.

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Introduction. Various neurological symptoms have been confirmed in the course of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Some of these are undoubtedly the aftermath of the developing inflammation and increased coagulation processes. However, there is also a group of symptoms that derive from possible autoimmune processes. These include primary hyperkinetic movement disorders such as myoclonus, ataxia, opsoclonus, and tremors. This study systematically reviews scientific reports presenting patients with hyperkinetic movement disorders as one of the neurological symptoms. Material and methods.The available literature was systematically reviewed as per the recommendations of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). The PubMed database was used in the range from 1 April, 2020, to 31 July, 2021.Results. The PubMed database search identified 102 cases of patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection who developed hyperkinetic movement disorders. After excluding patients undergoing mechanical ventilation (n = 46) and a few other cases (n = 7), a group of 49 non-intubated patients was obtained. The mean age of the patients was 57.92 years, and 75.51% of the patients were male. The most common hyperkinetic movement disorders were ataxia (83.67%), myoclonus (67.35%), and tremor (30.61%). Symptoms appeared on average within two weeks of the first symptoms of infection. Most patients had symptoms significantly reduced or withdrawn (67.44%) or early partial improvement (30.23%). Conclusions.Based on the meta-analysis, it can be concluded that hyperkinetic movement disorders in the course of SARS--CoV-2 infection are an early symptom with a potential autoimmune background. They have a good prognosis with the applied treatment. Further observations are needed to determine their frequency and the most effective methods of treatment.

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“… 6 One study also reported olfactory symptoms, such as anosmia and hyposmia, in 76% of patients. 7 The commonly reported complications are acute respiratory distress syndrome, respiratory failure, multiple organ failure, and even death. 6 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Secondly, it can help prevent the progression of the disease and facilitate monitoring of high-risk patients who are more likely to develop severe disease and the associated complications. 7 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patterns of Otorhinolaryngological Manifestations of Covid-19: A Longitudinal Questionnaire-Based Prospective Study in a Tertiary Hospital in Saudi Arabia

Alrusayyis

Aljubran

Alshaibani

et al. 2022

J Prim Care Community Health

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Objective: Many studied investigated the manifestations of COVID-19, yet few described the pattern and severity of otolaryngological symptoms. We aim to describe the picture of COVID-19-associated otorhinolaryngological manifestations and recovery to explore individualized treatment, onward referral, and complications prevention. Design: Prospective longitudinal questionnaire-based study. Setting: The online questionnaire was filled 3 times through a remote interview over a period of 1 month from June 2020 to July 2020. Participants: Patients with confirmed COVID-19 by RT-PCR who were clinically stable. Main Outcome Measures: Date of diagnosis, sociodemographic data, and the presence of predictive factors, such as nasal and paranasal disease, anosmia and dysgeusia. Validated tools were used, such as Sino-nasal Outcome Test (SNOT-22), smell test (medical academy screening tool), Voice Handicap Index (VHI), and Reflux Symptoms Index (RSI). Result: The questionnaire was sent to 363 patients and the response rate was 70.80% (n = 257). The mean age was 34.58 years (SD = 11.22) and the rate of male participants was 60.7%. The most common otorhinolaryngological symptoms at the time of enrollment was fever (48.6%), whilst the commonest severe symptom was cough (57%). After 1 month, only 11 participants had persistent severe symptoms, especially sleep and psychological symptoms (73%), and the majority were female (63.6%). All of them had at least 1 comorbidity. There was a significant difference between the mean age of participants with severe symptoms (mean = 27.45, SD = 8.39) and without severe symptoms (mean = 34.90, SD = 2.53, t(255) = 2.17, P = .031). Conclusion: COVID-19 has a wide-ranged spectrum of presentations, with otorhinolaryngological symptoms being the commonest and most serious. Studying these symptoms is vital to advance management options.

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Coincidence of COVID-19 epidemic and olfactory dysfunction outbreak in Iran

Cited by 114 publications

References 18 publications

Clinical Features of Parosmia Associated With COVID‐19 Infection

Clinical Features of Parosmia Associated With COVID‐19 Infection

Autoimmune mediated hyperkinetic movement disorders in SARS-CoV-2 infection — a systematic review

Patterns of Otorhinolaryngological Manifestations of Covid-19: A Longitudinal Questionnaire-Based Prospective Study in a Tertiary Hospital in Saudi Arabia

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