Cohort Profile: The National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health)

Harris, Kathleen Mullan; Halpern, Carolyn Tucker; Whitsel, Eric A.; Hussey, Jon M.; Killeya‐Jones, Ley A.; Tabor, Joyce W.; Dean, Sarah Catherine

doi:10.1093/ije/dyz115

Cited by 557 publications

(633 citation statements)

References 91 publications

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“…24 Initially a school-based study, the sample is representative of adolescents attending U.S. public, private, and parochial schools in grades seven to twelve in the 1994–1995 school year, with over-sampled groups (e.g., non-Hispanic blacks with a college-educated parent). The Wave I in-home participant and parental interview was conducted in 1994–1995 (aged 11–21 years, N=20,745; Appendix Figure 1).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Childhood Maltreatment and BMI Trajectory: The Mediating Role of Depression

Sacks

Takemoto

Andrea

et al. 2017

American Journal of Preventive Medicine

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Introduction Childhood maltreatment is associated with later obesity, but the underlying mechanisms are unknown. The objective of this study was to estimate the extent to which depression mediates the associations between childhood maltreatment and BMI in adolescence through adulthood. Methods Data on a cohort of 13,362 adolescents in the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Wave I [1994–1995] to Wave IV [2008–2009]) were analyzed in 2015–2016. Classes of maltreatment experienced prior to age 12 years were statistically identified using latent class analysis. Gender-stratified latent growth curve analysis was used to estimate total effects of maltreatment classes on latent BMI trajectory (aged 13–31 years) and indirect effects of maltreatment classes that occurred through latent depression trajectory (aged 12 – 31 years). Results Four latent maltreatment classes were identified: high abuse and neglect; physical abuse dominant; supervisory neglect dominant; and no/low maltreatment. In girls, compared with no/low maltreatment, supervisory neglect dominant (coefficient=0.3, 95% CI=0.0, 0.7) and physical abuse dominant (coefficient=0.6, 95% CI=0.1, 1.2) maltreatment were associated with faster gain in BMI. Change in depression over time fully mediated the association of BMI slope with physical abuse dominant maltreatment, but not with supervisory neglect dominant maltreatment. In boys, high abuse and neglect maltreatment was associated with marginally greater BMI at baseline (coefficient=0.7, 95% CI= −0.1, 1.5); this association was not mediated by depression. Conclusions Although maltreatment was associated with depression and BMI trajectories from adolescence to adulthood, depression only mediated associations with physical abuse dominant maltreatment in girls.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Childhood Maltreatment and BMI Trajectory: The Mediating Role of Depression

Sacks

Takemoto

Andrea

et al. 2017

American Journal of Preventive Medicine

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“…Add Health is a probability-based, nationally representative survey of 20,745 US adolescents enrolled in grades 7 through 12 in the 1994–1995 school year (Wave I). (See Harris et al, 2009 for more detail [27]. ) Add Health procedures were approved by the Institutional Review Board for the Protection of Human Subjects at the University of North Carolina—Chapel Hill.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Implications of Pubertal Timing for Romantic Relationship Quality Among Heterosexual and Sexual Minority Young Adults

Reese

Trinh

Halpern

2017

Journal of Adolescent Health

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Purpose Relative to on-time or late-maturing peers, girls who begin puberty early typically begin romantic and sexual experiences earlier; however, advanced pubertal status does not necessarily coincide with commensurate interpersonal skills necessary for healthy, romantic relationships. Research is limited on the long-term implications of early puberty for relationship quality, and virtually nothing is known about the social implications of early timing for sexual minority females. Methods Using linear regression, we examine longitudinal associations between two measures of girls’ pubertal timing (self-perceived timing and menarcheal age) and romantic relationship quality in young adulthood, stratified by sexual orientation, among 5,568 females in Waves I and IV of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health. We also examine whether identified associations are mediated by parent-adolescent relationship quality. Results Among sexual minorities, early self-perceived pubertal timing was associated with lower adult romantic relationship quality compared to on-time maturers (β= −2.32; SE=1.44; p=0.05); this association was mediated by parent-adolescent relationship quality. Among heterosexuals, girls experiencing menarche before age 12 (early maturers) reported lower adult relationship quality compared to on-time maturers (β= −0.43; SE=0.22; p=0.03); parent-adolescent relationship quality did not mediate this association. Conclusions Early maturation is associated with lower romantic relationship quality in young adulthood. However, evidence of the association varies by measure of pubertal timing, and the processes by which pubertal timing is linked to later relationship quality may be different for sexual minority and heterosexual females. Potential explanations and public health implications are discussed.

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“…Non-response bias for Wave IV is negligible, and the Wave IV sample adequately represents the Wave I population. Subjects provided written informed consent in accordance with the University of North Carolina Institutional Review Board guidelines (20). …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disparities in Body Mass Index Trajectories From Adolescence to Early Adulthood for Sexual Minority Women

Wood

Schott

Marshal

et al. 2017

Journal of Adolescent Health

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PURPOSE We aimed to estimate group-based trajectories of body mass index (BMI) in a longitudinal cohort of young women, and determine the association between sexual identity and BMI trajectory group, adjusting for obesity risk factors. METHODS We analyzed data from females in Waves I-IV of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health. Sexual identity was categorized as heterosexual, mostly heterosexual, bisexual, or lesbian (homosexual/mostly homosexual). We conducted group-based trajectory modeling of BMI with a censored normal distribution and a cubic relationship with age to identify three BMI trajectory groups. Multinomial logit regressions predicted the risk of trajectory membership associated with sexual identity, adjusting for background characteristics. RESULTS At Wave I, the mean (n=7,801) age was 15.9 years (95% CI 15.6–16.1). Subjects were 16.3% African-American; and 80.0% heterosexual, 15.9% mostly heterosexual, 2.5% bisexual, and 1.7% lesbian. Group-based trajectory modeling identified three BMI trajectory groups characterized as: (1) Minimal Obesity (62.2%), (2) Developing Obesity (29.9%), and (3) Progressive Obesity (8.0%). In multinomial logit regressions adjusted for age, race, parental obesity and education, sexual abuse, household income, screen time, depressive symptoms and rural residence, lesbian women had a nearly two-fold higher relative risk of being in the Developing Obesity trajectory group (RRR 1.91, 95% CI 1.10–3.32) relative to the Minimal Obesity group, compared to heterosexual women. CONCLUSIONS Lesbian women were at increased risk of membership in the Developing Obesity trajectory group compared to heterosexual women. Adjusting for obesity risk factors had minimal impact on the point estimates for this association.

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Cohort Profile: The National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health)

Cited by 557 publications

References 91 publications

Childhood Maltreatment and BMI Trajectory: The Mediating Role of Depression

Childhood Maltreatment and BMI Trajectory: The Mediating Role of Depression

Implications of Pubertal Timing for Romantic Relationship Quality Among Heterosexual and Sexual Minority Young Adults

Disparities in Body Mass Index Trajectories From Adolescence to Early Adulthood for Sexual Minority Women

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