Coherent vibrations of submicron spherical gold shells in a photonic crystal

Mazurenko, D. A.; Shan, Xiaonan; Stiefelhagen, Johan C. P.; Graf, Cristina M.; Blaaderen, Alfons van; Dijkhuis, J. I.

doi:10.1103/physrevb.75.161102

Cited by 33 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Recently, Mazurenko et al reported vibrational beats in silica-core gold-shell particles assembled in a 3D photonic crystal, where they found the peakto-peak amplitude reached 4 % of the total reflectivity and the dephasing time was (0.6 ± 0.2) ns. [27] Their modulation amplitude is two times higher than ours, which could be due to the thicker photonic crystal, and thus stronger acousto-optical coupling. Their modulation dephasing time is much shorter than ours, which could be attributed to the larger size distribution of their particles than ours.…”

mentioning

confidence: 92%

Gigahertz Optical Modulation Resulting from Coherent Lattice Oscillations Induced by Femtosecond Laser Pumping of 2D Photonic Crystals of Gold‐Capped Polystyrene Microspheres

2008

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The ultrafast modulation of light in a compact system is an active area of research in many fields, [1][2][3] such as optical communications, inter-electronic chip optical connections, and photonic circuits. The importance of the optical modulation has driven extensive efforts [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11] in the discovery of new techniques and the optimization of existing techniques of light modulation. We report an all-optical modulation technique based on an opto-mechanical nano-system (OMNS) in which the modulation of the transmitted light is caused by the coherent oscillation of the phonon modes of gold caps on periodic polystyrene (PS) sphere monolayer arrays. The phonon oscillation modes in this two dimensional photonic crystal are generated by excitation with a low repetition rate femtosecond pulsed laser. The coherent phonon oscillation in this system has long decay time allowing for the observation of many modulations. The optical modulation amplitude is two to three orders of magnitude higher than that observed for a thin film or metal nanoparticles. The nanometer thin gold cap is essential in our system because the coherent phonon oscillation modes are generated as a result of its strong and ultrafast photothermal processes taking place following the femtosecond pulsed laser excitation. We demonstrated that the modulation frequency can be tuned by changing the size of the polystyrene spheres. Several techniques have been used to modulate light in optical modulators. One of them uses the quantum-confined stark effect [4,5] which is induced by applying electric fields perpendicular to quantum well layers. The applied electric field separates the electrons and holes within the quantum well layers. The separation of the electrons and holes reduces the excitation energy of electron-hole pairs, thus causing a red shift in the spectrum. By applying periodic electric fields, the light passing through the quantum well layers is modulated accordingly.[5] Experimentally, Lewen et al. [12] have fabricated a device that can modulate light at a frequency higher than 50 GHz. However, the quantum wells with strong quantumconfined stark effect are usually made from III-V semiconductors such as InP, GaAs, and their alloys, which are hard to be integrated with current silicon devices. Recently, a breakthrough is demonstrated in a silicon-based germanium quantum-well structure, which has strong quantum-confined stark effect comparable to the III-V semiconductor structures.

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confidence: 92%

Gigahertz Optical Modulation Resulting from Coherent Lattice Oscillations Induced by Femtosecond Laser Pumping of 2D Photonic Crystals of Gold‐Capped Polystyrene Microspheres

2008

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“…1 Colloidal crystals, formed by self-assembly of polystyrene and silica nanospheres have shown phononic band gaps in the gigahertz frequency range, [2][3][4][5][6][7] which corresponds to a picosecond timescale. From that respect, probing ultrafast dynamics in colloidal crystals has attracted interest in recent years.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are a few techniques that measure vibrations excited by light waves in nanosized colloidal crystals, such as Brillouin light scattering, 2,5 Raman scattering, 8 and optical pump-probe spectroscopy. 4,6,7 However, optical techniques can only be applied to the structures with period comparable to the wavelength of light and are severely limited in terms of the accessible spatial resolution, due to restriction on the highest Fourier components. Moreover, sufficient refractive index matching is often very difficult, if not impossible.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamics of colloidal crystals studied by pump-probe experiments at FLASH

et al. 2012

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We present a time-resolved infrared (IR) pump and extreme-ultraviolet (XUV) probe diffraction experiment to investigate ultrafast structural dynamics in colloidal crystals with picosecond resolution. The experiment was performed at the FLASH facility at DESY with a fundamental wavelength of 8 nm. In our experiment, the temporal changes of Bragg peaks were analyzed, and their frequency components were calculated using Fourier analysis. Periodic modulations in the colloidal crystal were localized at a frequency of about 4-5 GHz. Based on the Lamb theory, theoretical calculations of vibrations of the isotropic elastic polystyrene spheres of 400 nm in size reveal a 5.07-GHz eigenfrequency of the ground (breathing) mode.

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“…This interest is due to various potential applications in acousto-optical devices which can be used for ultrafast manipulation and control of electromagnetic waves by hypersonic (GHz) acoustic waves [1]. Colloidal crystals, formed by the self-assembly method, have shown phononic band gaps in the GHz frequency range [2][3][4][5][6][7]. Due to the recent progress in the fabrication of high-quality colloids, this provides an opportunity to produce inexpensive phononic crystals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Dynamics in submicrometer colloidal crystals was investigated using different techniques such as Raman scattering [8], Brillouin light scattering [2], and optical pump-probe spectroscopy [4][5][6][7]. However, these methods have limited spatial resolution and are not suitable for the observation of the detailed structure of the sample.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Probing Dynamics in Colloidal Crystals with Pump-Probe Experiments at LCLS: Methodology and Analysis

et al. 2017

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We present results of the studies of dynamics in colloidal crystals performed by pump-probe experiments using an X-ray free-electron laser (XFEL). Colloidal crystals were pumped with an infrared laser at a wavelength of 800 nm with varying power and probed by XFEL pulses at an energy of 8 keV with a time delay up to 1000 ps. The positions of the Bragg peaks, and their radial and azimuthal widths were analyzed as a function of the time delay. The spectral analysis of the data did not reveal significant enhancement of frequencies expected in this experiment. This allowed us to conclude that the amplitude of vibrational modes excited in colloidal crystals was less than the systematic error caused by the noise level.

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Coherent vibrations of submicron spherical gold shells in a photonic crystal

Cited by 33 publications

References 23 publications

Gigahertz Optical Modulation Resulting from Coherent Lattice Oscillations Induced by Femtosecond Laser Pumping of 2D Photonic Crystals of Gold‐Capped Polystyrene Microspheres

Gigahertz Optical Modulation Resulting from Coherent Lattice Oscillations Induced by Femtosecond Laser Pumping of 2D Photonic Crystals of Gold‐Capped Polystyrene Microspheres

Dynamics of colloidal crystals studied by pump-probe experiments at FLASH

Probing Dynamics in Colloidal Crystals with Pump-Probe Experiments at LCLS: Methodology and Analysis

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