Spin effects in transport properties of double-barrier mesoscopic junctions are analyzed and their possible applications in spintronics devices are discussed. In a general case, external electrodes of the junctions are ferromagnetic and the central electrode is either a nonmagnetic metallic grain or a semiconducting quantum dot. Transport characteristics depend then on magnetic configuration of the system. When the spin relaxation time on the central electrode is sufficiently long, measurable spin effects can also occur in entirely nonmagnetic devices.Introduction Successful applications of giant magnetoresistance effect in read/write heads and magnetic field sensors initiated broad interest in spin-polarized transport in mesoscopic systems-mainly due to expected applications in magnetoelectronics and spintronics devices [1]. This applies to electronic transport in the metallic and semiconducting regimes (like in magnetic all-metal or all-semiconductor layered structures, and in metal-semiconductor hybrid systems), as well as to systems including insulating barriers, where electronic transport is due to tunneling processes. In this paper we restrict ourselves to the latter situation, and particularly to double-barrier mesoscopic junctions which consist of two external electrodes (magnetic or nonmagnetic) and a central electrode (also referred to as an island) that can be either a metallic grain or a quantum dot based on 2D electron gas.The effect that is crucial for most of the spin related phenomena discussed in this paper is the tunnel magnetoresistance (TMR) effect in simple planar junctions consisting of two ferromagnetic electrodes separated by an insulating barrier. Rotation of the magnetic moments of the electrodes from antiparallel to parallel alignment is then accompanied by a drop (usually) in the junction resistance [2]. Similar TMR effects exist also in complex junctions, like double-barrier planar junctions [3], granular systems [4], and mesoscopic double-barrier junctions [5][6][7]. The following discussion will be restricted to the latter case.When the central electrode (island) of a double-barrier junction is small, the corresponding capacitance C can be small as well. One can then reach the regime, where the charging energy, E c ¼ e 2 =2C,