Cognitive workload across the spectrum of cognitive impairments: A systematic review of physiological measures

Ranchet, Maud; Morgan, John C.; Akinwuntan, Abiodun Emmanuel; Devos, Hannes

doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2017.07.001

Cited by 56 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 55 publications

(199 reference statements)

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“…This increased cognitive demand imposes a greater strain on the available cognitive resources, resulting in a greater cognitive workload exhibited by the subject to continue performing the task ( Kahneman, 1973 ). Psychophysiological studies have identified several neurophysiological measures that can accurately assess the amount of cognitive workload needed to execute a task in real-time ( Ranchet et al, 2017a ). Task-evoked pupillary response (TEPR) accurately reflects cognitive workload through inhibition of the parasympathetic nucleus of Edinger Westphal, resulting in pupil dilation ( Beatty, 1982 ; Eckstein et al, 2017 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Cognitive Demand on Functional Visual Field Performance in Senior Drivers with Glaucoma

Gangeddula

Ranchet

Akinwuntan

et al. 2017

Front. Aging Neurosci.

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Purpose: To investigate the effect of cognitive demand on functional visual field performance in drivers with glaucoma.Method: This study included 20 drivers with open-angle glaucoma and 13 age- and sex-matched controls. Visual field performance was evaluated under different degrees of cognitive demand: a static visual field condition (C1), dynamic visual field condition (C2), and dynamic visual field condition with active driving (C3) using an interactive, desktop driving simulator. The number of correct responses (accuracy) and response times on the visual field task were compared between groups and between conditions using Kruskal–Wallis tests. General linear models were employed to compare cognitive workload, recorded in real-time through pupillometry, between groups and conditions.Results: Adding cognitive demand (C2 and C3) to the static visual field test (C1) adversely affected accuracy and response times, in both groups (p < 0.05). However, drivers with glaucoma performed worse than did control drivers when the static condition changed to a dynamic condition [C2 vs. C1 accuracy; glaucoma: median difference (Q1–Q3) 3 (2–6.50) vs. controls: 2 (0.50–2.50); p = 0.05] and to a dynamic condition with active driving [C3 vs. C1 accuracy; glaucoma: 2 (2–6) vs. controls: 1 (0.50–2); p = 0.02]. Overall, drivers with glaucoma exhibited greater cognitive workload than controls (p = 0.02).Conclusion: Cognitive demand disproportionately affects functional visual field performance in drivers with glaucoma. Our results may inform the development of a performance-based visual field test for drivers with glaucoma.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Cognitive Demand on Functional Visual Field Performance in Senior Drivers with Glaucoma

Gangeddula

Ranchet

Akinwuntan

et al. 2017

Front. Aging Neurosci.

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“…It is also surprising that young individuals might suffer from severe PTSD symptoms. However, it was documented that younger age and higher fitness level (physical and mental) are associated positively to better cognitive performance performed and conversely, ageing and low level of physical fitness tend to reduce cognitive performance [70][71][72].…”

Section: Health Impairmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the relationship between health status and simulated patient-care scenario performance among experienced paramedics.

Tremblay¹,

Wj²,

Sl³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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BACKGROUND: It is well known that health status of paramedics may be altered by their job demands. However, it is unknown whether health conditions have a negative impact on occupational performance. The goal of this study was to explore whether a paramedic’s health status affects performance during a patient-care simulation. More precisely, this paper aims to identify which health conditions (i.e., cardiovascular diseases (CVD), musculoskeletal disorders (MSD), post-traumatic stress disorders (PTSD), generalized anxiety disorders (GAD)) could be associated with negative performance. METHODS: Nineteen paramedics aged 38.2 ± 8.6 years old with 15.0 ± 8.7 years of paramedic experience participated in this study. Participants completed two assessments: i) health conditions measurements and ii) patient-care simulation. Heart rate variability (HRV), an indicator of vagal activity was collected during the patient-care simulation. The simulation was used in order to challenge experienced paramedics in a realistic setting. Based on the provincial standard of New Brunswick, an experienced paramedic instructor graded (passed or failed) the patient-care simulation using the provincial standard charts, videos and data from manikin. RESULTS: The current study suggests that only paramedics with self-reported elevated symptoms of PTSD were less likely to successfully complete the simulated patient-care scenario. An inhibition of the vagal activity was noted during the patient-care simulation among individuals identified with PTSD. No link was observed between physical health conditions (CVD, MSD) and simulated patient-care performance. Overall, paramedics who passed the patient-care simulation presented higher vagal activity during the patient assessment. CONCLUSIONS: This research suggests that the presence of self-reported elevated symptoms of PTSD negatively impacts paramedics’ performance during a stressful work task simulation. Therefore, to help paramedics maintain optimal performance, it may be important to ensure that paramedics have access to appropriate resources to monitor and improve their psychosocial health. Future studies should investigate more complex work tasks with larger sample sizes and more complex simulations.

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“…Some studies have suggested that this increased cognitive workload may serve as a predictor of cognitive decline. [4] Several techniques have been developed to measure cognitive workload, including questionnaires, performance outcomes, or physiological measures. The National Aeronautics and Space Administration -Task Load Index (NASA-TLX) [5] is one of the most widely used questionnaires of cognitive workload.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In adults with neurodegenerative conditions, the inability to cope with task demand was even more apparent, resulting in not only an increase in hemodynamic, electrophysiological, and pupillary responses, but also worsening on performance measures. [4] Of those, the pupillary response is particularly interesting since it has been implicated with early tau accumulation in the locus coeruleus (LC) in Alzheimer's disease (AD). [13] Decreased neuronal density of the LC has been associated with cognitive decline in older adults, mild cognitive impairment, and AD.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reliability and Validity of Cognitive Workload in Older Adults

Devos

Gustafson

Ahmadnezhad

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Cognitive workload or mental effort is a measure of attention allocation to a task, which can be administered through self-report or physiological measures. Cognitive workload is increasingly recognized as an important determinant of performance in cognitive tests and daily life activities. However, the reliability and validity of these measures have not been established in older adults with a wide range of cognitive ability. The aim of this study was to establish the test-retest reliability of the NASA-Task Load Index (NASA-TLX) and Index of Cognitive Activity (ICA), extracted from pupillary size. The convergent validity of these measures against event-related potentials (ERPs) was also investigated. A total of 38 individuals with scores on the Montreal Cognitive Assessment ranging between 17 and 30 completed a working memory test (n-back) with three levels of difficulty at baseline and two-week follow-up. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) values of the NASA-TLX ranged between 0.71 and 0.81, demonstrating good to excellent reliability. Mean ICA scores showed fair to good reliability, with ICCs ranging between 0.56 and 0.73. Mean ICA and NASA-TLX scores showed significant and moderate correlations with Pearson r ranging between 0.30 and 0.33 with P3 ERP at the midline channels. We conclude that ICC and NASA-TLX are reliable measures of cognitive workload in older adults. Further research is needed in dissecting the subjective and objective constructs of cognitive workload.

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Cognitive workload across the spectrum of cognitive impairments: A systematic review of physiological measures

Cited by 56 publications

References 55 publications

Effect of Cognitive Demand on Functional Visual Field Performance in Senior Drivers with Glaucoma

Effect of Cognitive Demand on Functional Visual Field Performance in Senior Drivers with Glaucoma

Exploring the relationship between health status and simulated patient-care scenario performance among experienced paramedics.

Reliability and Validity of Cognitive Workload in Older Adults

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