Cognitive style and moral judgement in mentally handicapped and non‐handicapped children of equal mental age*

Gargiulo, Richard M.

doi:10.1111/j.2044-835x.1984.tb00537.x

Cited by 4 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Notwithstanding the major theoretical and empirical limitations, the literature indicates overwhelmingly that the moral development of people with ID lags behind that of age-matched peers without ID (Bender, 1980;Blakey, 1973;Foye & Simeonsson, 1979;Gargiulo, 1984;Jackson & Haines, 1982;Kahn, 1976Kahn, , 1983Lind & Smith, 1984;Taylor & Achenbach, 1975). Most often, the moral reasoning of participants with ID matches that of typically developing younger participants, indicating a relationship with intellectual functioning.…”

Section: Intellectual Disabilities Moral Reasoning Theory and Behavmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, little evidence has been found for the existence of higher order levels of moral reasoning within various populations, while stage reversal and regression have also been reported (Simpson, 1974;Sullivan, 1977). However, Kohlberg and his colleagues attempted to address these criticisms by revising the scoring methods of their data collection instruments, revising theory and reanalysing their data (Kohlberg, Levine, & Hewer, 1983, 1984.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Moral reasoning theory and illegal behaviour by adults with intellectual disabilities

Langdon

Clare

Murphy

2011

Psychology, Crime & Law

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Many studies conclude there is a strong relationship between moral reasoning and illegal behaviour amongst young offenders. However, there has been no research examining this relationship amongst people with intellectual disabilities. There is some empirical evidence to suggest that the relationship between moral reasoning and illegal behaviour may be curvilinear, such that lower moral reasoning and higher moral reasoning relates to lower rates of illegal behaviour and inappropriate conduct. Given this, and evidence that people with intellectual disabilities are reasoning at a lower moral stage than their same-age peers, it is proposed that some people with intellectual disabilities may actually be less likely to engage in illegal behaviour because they are reasoning at an earlier moral stage, while those with 'borderline' intelligence would be more likely to engage in illegal behaviour. This suggests that the relationship between moral reasoning and illegal behaviour is moderated by intelligence, and this has implications for the design of intervention programmes for people with intellectual disabilities, but further research is needed.

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Section: Intellectual Disabilities Moral Reasoning Theory and Behavmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Moral reasoning theory and illegal behaviour by adults with intellectual disabilities

Langdon

Clare

Murphy

2011

Psychology, Crime & Law

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Two of these studies used cross-sectional group comparative designs (Gargiulo, 1984;Gargiulo & Sulick, 1978), while the other two made use of a single group design (Boehm, 1967;Ozbek & Forehand, 1973).…”

Section: Moral Development 11mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Gargiulo's (1984) later study, again used augmented Piagetian stories, he set out to try to determine whether or not 'reflective' or 'impulsive' cognitive styles were related to moral reasoning in typically developing children and children with IDs matched on 'mental age'. Participants were grouped into 'reflective' or 'impulsive' groups on the basis of response latency and number of errors associated with the completion of the Matching Familiar Figures Test.…”

Section: Moral Development 11mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…People with IDs matched to older children around the age of eight years evidenced moral reasoning that considered motive more frequently (Bender, 1980;Grant, Boucher, Riggs, & Grayson, 2005), and one study demonstrated that moral development may take a linear form amongst people with IDs and typically developing children spread across the 'mental ages' of five to nine (Lind & Smith, 1984). Other studies have demonstrated that variables such as IQ, 'mental age', behaviour, chronological age and a 'reflective' cognitive style are associated with moral reasoning amongst people with IDs (Gargiulo, 1984;Gargiulo & Sulick, 1978;Ozbek & Forehand, 1973).…”

Section: Moral Development 11mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Developing an understanding of the literature relating to the moral development of people with intellectual disabilities

Langdon

Clare

Murphy

2010

Developmental Review

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The moral reasoning abilities of men and women with intellectual disabilities who have a history of criminal offending behaviour

McDermott

Langdon

2014

Legal Criminol Psychol

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(2015) The moral reasoning abilities of men and women with intellectual disabilities who have a history of criminal offending behaviour. Legal AbstractPurpose. The current study had the following two aims (a) to examine the moral reasoning abilities of four groups of people: (i) men and women with IDs who had a documented history of criminal offending, and (ii) men and women with IDs and no such history, and (b) to examine the relationship between emotional and behavioural problems and moral reasoning. It was predicted that (a) there would be no significant difference between the moral reasoning of men and women with IDs, (b) men and women with IDs who are not offenders will have "developmentally immature" moral reasoning in comparison to offenders, and (c) moral reasoning will significantly predict emotional and behavioural problems. Methods. Sixty-eight men and women with mild intellectual disabilities (IDs) with and without a history of criminal offending were recruited and asked to complete measures of intelligence, moral reasoning, and emotional/behavioural problems.Results. As predicted, men and women did not have different moral reasoning, but offenders did have "developmentally more mature" moral reasoning than nonoffenders. Women had higher levels of physical and verbal aggression, while offenders, generally, had higher levels of psychopathology. Women with a history of criminal offending had higher levels of sexually inappropriate behaviour compared to men and women in the community. Moral reasoning significantly predicted emotional and behavioural problems. Conclusions. Further work in this area is needed, and interventions that aim to address a moral developmental "delay" may be beneficial in reducing recidivism amongst this population.Running head: MORAL REASONING

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Cognitive style and moral judgement in mentally handicapped and non‐handicapped children of equal mental age*

Abstract: The MFFT was developed by Kagan* (Kagan et al.,

Cited by 4 publications

References 13 publications

Moral reasoning theory and illegal behaviour by adults with intellectual disabilities

Moral reasoning theory and illegal behaviour by adults with intellectual disabilities

Developing an understanding of the literature relating to the moral development of people with intellectual disabilities

The moral reasoning abilities of men and women with intellectual disabilities who have a history of criminal offending behaviour

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