Cognitive screening tools for primary care settings: examining the ‘Test Your Memory’ and ‘General Practitioner assessment of Cognition’ tools in a rural aging population in Greece

Iatraki, Eliza; Simos, Panagiotis G.; Bertsias, Antonios; Duijker, George; Zaganas, Ioannis; Tziraki, Chariklia; Vgontzas, Alexandros N.; Lionis, Christos

doi:10.1080/13814788.2017.1324845

Cited by 11 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 31 publications

(45 reference statements)

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“…The mean TYM-I scores in our HC and MCI samples were lower than those in the control and MCI samples evaluated in Brown’s et al original studies ( Brown et al, 2009 ; Brown J. et al, 2019 ). However, results are inconsistent among investigations from different countries and several studies reported average scores in line with those of the present study in both controls ( Hancock and Larner, 2011 ; Abd-Al-Atty et al, 2012 ; van Schalkwyk et al, 2012 ; Muñoz-Neira et al, 2014 ; Postel-Vinay et al, 2014 ; Iatraki et al, 2014 , 2017 ; Kolozsvári et al, 2017 ; van de Zande et al, 2017 ; Li et al, 2018 ) and MCI patients ( Hancock and Larner, 2011 ; Muñoz-Neira et al, 2014 ; van de Zande et al, 2017 ). Whether this heterogeneity might be partly attributed to a difference in educational levels should be accurately addressed in future studies.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 62%

“…The TYM is a brief screening tool to detect cognitive dysfunction. Several validation studies were conducted to assess the TYM performances in detecting Alzheimer’s disease patients across different regions and clinical settings, such as memory clinic and primary care ( Hanyu et al, 2011 ; van Schalkwyk et al, 2012 ; Szczesniak and Wojtynska, 2013 ; Muñoz-Neira et al, 2014 ; Iatraki et al, 2017 ; Brown J. et al, 2019 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Italian Version of the Test Your Memory (TYM-I): A Tool to Detect Mild Cognitive Impairment in the Clinical Setting

et al. 2021

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The Test Your Memory (TYM) is a brief self-administered, cognitive screening test, currently used in several settings. It requires minimal administrator supervision and the computation of the final test score takes approximately 2 min. We assessed the discrimination ability of the Italian version of the TYM (TYM-I) in detecting Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) in clinical setting. TYM-I was administered to 94 MCI patients and 134 healthy controls. The clinical diagnosis of MCI was considered as the gold standard. An extended formal neuropsychological test battery was used to define MCI subtypes. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analyses were conducted to find the optimal cut-off and measure discrimination ability of TYM-I in detecting MCI. TYM-I had a similar area under the curve (AUC = 0.85) point estimate as Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) (AUC = 0.83). A TYM-I score lower or equal to 36 was found to be optimal cut off to detect MCI. The TYM-I showed the highest discrimination ability among individuals aged more than 70 and high educational level (AUC = 0.89). The amnestic MCI subtype patients, compared to non-amnestic MCI patients, had worse performance in recall, orientation and visuospatial abilities TYM-I subscores. The TYM-I is a valid screening test in detecting cognitive dysfunction, easily carried out in clinical practice. The TYM-I subscores may allow to identify amnestic and non-amnestic MCI subtypes.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 62%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Italian Version of the Test Your Memory (TYM-I): A Tool to Detect Mild Cognitive Impairment in the Clinical Setting

et al. 2021

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“…Moreover, the MMSE Thai 2002 is highly specific but less sensitive in identifying cognitive impairment, particularly amongst illiterate subjects (sensitivity ¼ 0.35, specificity ¼ 0.81) [11]. Nevertheless, it has been used as a clinical screening tool in Thailand and it is most often used as a known reference standard against which other cognitive screening tests are compared and has the major advantage of being widely understood [14].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of cognitive impairment among hill-tribe older people in the Northern part of Thailand

Trongsakul

Ruanjai

Chaiut

et al. 2018

JHR

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Purpose-The purpose of this paper is to investigate the prevalence and factors related to cognitive impairment among hill-tribe older people in Chiang Rai province, Thailand. Design/methodology/approach-A cross-sectional study was carried out amongst 459 hill-tribe older people aged 60 years and above. A Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) Thai 2002 version was used for cognitive screening. A questionnaire and medical records were used for demographic and clinical data collection while descriptive statistics were used to analyze characteristic data. Potential factors related to cognitive impairment were analyzed by using univariate logistic regression analysis. Findings-The prevalence of cognitive impairment amongst the participants was 49.89 percent (95% CI 45.32%, 53.47 percent). Factors related to cognitive decline included no occupation (OR ¼ 1.49, 95% CI 1.10-2.03, po 0.04) and a history of amphetamine use (OR ¼ 1.57, 95% CI 1.09-2.33, p o0.04). Originality/value-Cognitive decline should be a cause for concern amongst Thai hill-tribe older people, especially amongst those in the group with a history of amphetamine use. However, Thai health care professionals need to be aware of the potential cultural bias in the MMSE Thai 2002 version as a cognition test targeted at the hill-tribe population as the questionnaire may not provide a true reflection of their cultural experience and background.

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“…10 In a large study carried out with MMSE in the Chinese elderly population, the number of years of formal education, residence in rural areas, age and female gender had a significant influence on the reduction of MMSE scores. 11 Iatraki et al 12 applied the MMSE and two other screening instruments to 319 elderly rural dwellers in Greece and observed that lower MMSE values were related to older women with lower levels of schooling and with greater dependence.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive, functional, social and health assessment in elderly of rural areas

Aab¹,

Lap²,

Wa³

2019

MOJGG

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The aim of this study was to determine the cognition, degree of functional independence, physical health (diagnosed diseases, medications) and social functions and relationships of elderly people living in a rural area of Araraquara (Sao Paulo, Brazil). Seventy-six elderly individuals were interviewed and completed a structured questionnaire based on BOMFAQ and adapted from the OARS questionnaire. Mini Mental State Exam (MMSE) was used to assess the cognitive status, and the functional condition by combining the scales of basic and instrumental activities of daily living. Considering the educational level, 17.1% of the elderly presented cognitive impairment and did not consider schooling 92.1%; 76.3% had dependence on at least one activity of daily life, 88.2% reported having a diagnosed disease, and the most frequent condition was hypertension (37.5%). It was concluded that the elderly who live in the settlement evaluated need a broader approach to social and health conditions that may contribute substantially to family education and training in elder care, periodic medical follow-up, and provision of specific care.

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Cognitive screening tools for primary care settings: examining the ‘Test Your Memory’ and ‘General Practitioner assessment of Cognition’ tools in a rural aging population in Greece

Cited by 11 publications

References 31 publications

The Italian Version of the Test Your Memory (TYM-I): A Tool to Detect Mild Cognitive Impairment in the Clinical Setting

The Italian Version of the Test Your Memory (TYM-I): A Tool to Detect Mild Cognitive Impairment in the Clinical Setting

Prevalence of cognitive impairment among hill-tribe older people in the Northern part of Thailand

Cognitive, functional, social and health assessment in elderly of rural areas

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