Cognitive Science in Telemedicine: From Psychology to Artificial Intelligence

Abstract

Telecommunication and Information Technologies progress allowed the improvement of telemedicine [ 11 ], overcoming past diffi culties due to poor real-time media [ 34 ]. In fact, while in the past early examples of telemedicine were delivered by telephone, radio and fax, today it is possible to exchange either medical, imaging and biodata with high fi delity through distributed client/server applications and high band communication [ 32 ].The remote monitoring of patients on the one hand can reduce the need for in-presence visits and, in general, the cost of medical care, on the other hand it may also improve the effi ciency of performance, prompting the staff to an effi cient organisation of their work. However, the sensitivity of the data, the costs of telecommunications, data management and staff training suggests the need to develop effi cient solutions, easy-to-use and with high level of security [ 7 ]. The interfaces themselves should have a cognitive-driven designed, in order not to involve loss of effi ciency in the use, both by patients and operators [ 36 ]. Among the disciplines of cognitive science, for example, the study of human-machine interfaces (HCI) fi ts into this framework. This discipline involves not only the

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