Cognitive Resource Limitations during Sentence Comprehension in Parkinson's Disease

Grossman, Murray; Kalmanson, Julia; Bernhardt, Nechama; Morris, Jennifer; Stern, Matthew B.; Hurtig, Howard I.

doi:10.1006/brln.2000.2290

Cited by 65 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Indeed, this functionally unspecified picture has led to two competing views. On the one hand, it has been argued that the striatum merely underpins general non-language specific processes such as executive functioning, which is thought to supervise and modulate linguistic information (e.g., Grossman et al, 2000Grossman et al, , 2002Longworth, Keenan, Barker, Marslen-Wilson, & Tyler, 2005). Conversely, several authors have proposed that the striatum subserves particular kinds of language computations that may cut across different linguistic levels, including phonology, morphology and syntax (e.g., Ullman et al, 1997;Ullman, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of the striatum in sentence processing: Evidence from a priming study in early stages of Huntington's disease

et al. 2008

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The role of sub-cortical structures such as the striatum in language remains a controversial issue. Based on linguistic claims that language processing implies both recovery of lexical information and application of combinatorial rules it has been shown that striatal damaged patients have difficulties applying conjugation rules while lexical recovery of irregular forms is broadly spared (e.g., Ullman, M. T., Corkin, S., Coppola, M., Hickok, G., Growdon, J. H., Koroshetz, W. J., et al. (1997). A neural dissociation within language: Evidence that the mental dictionary is part of declarative memory, and that grammatical rules are processed by the procedural system. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 9(2), 266-276). Here we bolstered the striatum-rule hypothesis by investigating lexical abilities and rule application at the phrasal level.Both processing aspects were assessed in a model of striatal dysfunction, namely Huntington's disease (HD). Using a semantic priming task we compared idiomatic prime sentences involving lexical access to whole phrases (e.g., "Paul has kicked the bucket") with idiom-derived sentences that contained passivation changes involving syntactic movement rules (e.g., "Paul was kicked by the bucket"), word changes (e.g., "Paul has crushed the bucket") or either. Target words that were either idiom-related (e.g., "death") reflecting lexical access to idiom meanings, word-related (e.g., "bail") reflecting lexical access to single words, or unrelated (e.g., "table").HD patients displayed selective abnormalities with passivated sentences whereas priming was normal with idioms and sentences containing only word changes. We argue that the role of the striatum in sentence processing specifically pertains to the application of syntactic movement rules whereas it is not involved in canonical rules required for active structures or in lexical processing aspects. Our findings support the striatum-rule hypothesis but suggest that it should be refined by tracking the particular kind of language rules depending on striatal computations.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of the striatum in sentence processing: Evidence from a priming study in early stages of Huntington's disease

et al. 2008

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“…In contrast, adult-onset patients with frontal and/or basal-ganglia lesions, but relative sparing of temporal lobe structures (e.g., in anterior aphasia, non-demented Parkinson's disease, and Huntington's disease), often show impairments with motor skills, knowledge of tool use, naming tools and other manipulated objects, syntactic processing, and the production of consistent and novel regulars (e.g., slipslipped, splim-splimmed) (Alexander, 1997;Grossman et al, 2000;Longworth, Keenan, Barker, Marslen-Wilson, & Tyler, 2005;Murray, 2000;Ullman, 2004,In Press-b;Ullman et al, 1997;. Moreover, patients with Huntington's disease (whose particular basal ganglia degeneration results in unsuppressed or "hyper" behaviors, such as hyperkinesia) often add additional affixes (walkeded, blickeded, broughted), whereas patients with Parkinson's disease (whose basal ganglia degeneration results in suppressed or "hypo" behaviors, such as hypokinesia) do not make these errors (Ullman, In Press-a;Ullman et al, 1997).…”

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confidence: 99%

Speeded processing of grammar and tool knowledge in Tourette's syndrome

2007

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Tourette's syndrome (TS) is a developmental disorder characterized by motor and verbal tics. The tics, which are fast and involuntary, result from frontal/basal-ganglia abnormalities that lead to unsuppressed behaviors. Language has not been carefully examined in TS. We tested the processing of two basic aspects of language: idiosyncratic and rule-governed linguistic knowledge. Evidence suggests that idiosyncratic knowledge (e.g., in irregular past-tense formation; bring-brought) is stored in a mental lexicon that depends on the temporal-lobe-based declarative memory system that also underlies conceptual knowledge. In contrast, evidence suggests that rule-governed combination (e.g., in regular past-tenses; walk + -ed) takes place in a mental grammar that relies on the frontal/ basal-ganglia based procedural memory system, which also underlies motor skills such as how to use a hammer. We found that TS children were significantly faster than typically-developing control children at producing rule-governed past-tenses (slip-slipped, plim-plimmed, bring-bringed) but not irregular and other unpredictable past-tenses (bring-brought, splim-splam). They were also faster than controls at naming pictures of manipulated (hammer) but not non-manipulated (elephant) items. These data were not explained by a wide range of potentially confounding subject-and item-level factors. The results suggest that the processing of procedurally-based knowledge, both of grammar and of manipulated objects, is particularly speeded in TS. The frontal/basal-ganglia abnormalities may thus lead not only to tics, but to a wider range of rapid behaviors, including in the cognitive processing of rule-governed forms in language and other types of procedural knowledge. Keywords procedural memory; morphology; basal ganglia; picture naming; past tense; regular inflection Tourette's syndrome (TS) is a developmental disorder characterized by the presence of verbal and motor tics (APA, 1994). Tics, which may be expressed as "simple" or "complex" motor movements or vocalizations (e.g., "simple" grunting, or "complex" shouting of phrases), are both fast and involuntary (see references below and Tulen, Groeneveld, Romers, De Vries, & Van De Wetering, 2001). The tics appear to be caused by disturbances of the basal-ganglia and closely connected regions of cortex, especially motor and cognitive regions of the frontal lobes (Albin & Mink, 2006;Albin, Young, & Penney, 1989;Bradshaw, 2001;Singer & Wendlandt, *Corresponding author. Address: Brain and Language Lab, Department of Neuroscience, Georgetown University, Box 571464, Washington, DC 20057-1464, Tel: (202) Fax: (202) 687-6914, E-mail: michael@georgetown.edu Publisher's Disclaimer: This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final citable form. Please note t...

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“…13,27 People with PD are reported to have difficulties in the comprehension of complex sentence structures, [80][81][82] detecting non-literal or implied meaning, [83][84][85][86] and decoding emotional cues such as facial expression and prosody. [87][88][89] These difficulties become greater with increased cognitive demand.…”

Section: Receptive High-level Languagementioning

confidence: 99%

“…27,90 Working memory deficits are reported to occur in PD, and have been implicated in the difficulties experienced by people with PD when decoding lengthy, complex sentences. 81,91,92 People with PD without dementia demonstrate intact syntactic ability in cognitively non-demanding tasks, but perform more poorly than controls on tasks that tax cognitive resources. 80,81 The changes in cognitive processing in PD have been explored with fMRI.…”

Section: Receptive High-level Languagementioning

confidence: 99%

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Maintenance of speech in Parkinson’s disease: The impact of group therapy

Edwards¹

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The maintenance of communication in Parkinson's disease (PD) requires a long term management plan, due to the progressive nature of the associated communication deficits.While intensive behavioural treatment has been demonstrated to improve speech intelligibility in PD, the effects can decrease over time. People with PD also experience changes in their ability to participate in conversation and everyday communication.Methods to maintain communication after a primary speech treatment are of interest to clinicians and people with PD. The overall aim of this research was to investigate the outcomes of group therapy as a maintenance strategy following the Lee Silverman Voice There was heterogeneity in the participants' response to Loud and Proud that was not explained by dysarthria severity. Refinements to Loud and Proud were recommended following this Phase I study, to better target intelligibility, communicative effectiveness, and QOL.In Study II conversational data from a purposeful sample of six participants in Study 1 were examined using a mixed-methodology. Recorded conversations between the PD participants and the researcher obtained before and after the Loud and Proud intervention were investigated using Conversation Analysis (CA) as the primary methodology.

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Cognitive Resource Limitations during Sentence Comprehension in Parkinson's Disease

Cited by 65 publications

References 31 publications

The role of the striatum in sentence processing: Evidence from a priming study in early stages of Huntington's disease

The role of the striatum in sentence processing: Evidence from a priming study in early stages of Huntington's disease

Speeded processing of grammar and tool knowledge in Tourette's syndrome

Maintenance of speech in Parkinson’s disease: The impact of group therapy

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