Cognitive reserve and its implications for rehabilitation and Alzheimer’s disease

Liberati, Giulia; Raffone, Antonino; Belardinelli, Marta Olivetti

doi:10.1007/s10339-011-0410-3

Cited by 61 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 128 publications

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“…Exposure to complex environments with stimulating brain experiences throughout life, related to socio-demographic and functionality variables, such as more schooling and more complex work activities and leisure-time activities, are believed to promote neuronal growth and favor neuroplasticity. These factors contribute to the construction, formation, and maintenance of better levels of cognitive reserve, fostering greater resistance to brain damage 35,36,37,38 and potentially postponing the emergence of cognitive deficits 39,40 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atividades avançadas de vida diária e incidência de declínio cognitivo em idosos: Estudo SABE

et al. 2015

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O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o impacto das atividades avançadas de vida diária (AAVD) na incidência de declínio cognitivo. A amostra foi composta por idosos participantes do estudo longitudinal Saúde, Bem-estar e Envelhecimento (SABE). O declínio cognitivo foi avaliado por meio do Mini - Exame do Estado Mental abreviado. As AAVD compreenderam 12 atividades sociais, produtivas, físicas e de lazer que envolvem funções cognitivas superiores. Foram considerados grupos de covariáveis do estudo: fatores sociodemográficos, saúde geral, estilo de vida e funcionalidade. A associação entre a incidência de declínio cognitivo e as variáveis independentes foi avaliada usando-se o modelo de regressão de Poisson múltiplo. A incidência de declínio foi de 7,9%. A média de desempenho de AAVD em 2006 foi significativamente maior entre os idosos que não desenvolveram o declínio. Após análise multivariada os resultados mostraram que quanto maior o número de AAVD realizadas menor a chance de declínio cognitivo no período estudado.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atividades avançadas de vida diária e incidência de declínio cognitivo em idosos: Estudo SABE

et al. 2015

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“…This input, which is vital for the prefrontal fields, can become curtailed to such an extent during stages III-IV that subtle signs of personality changes and impaired cognitive functioning come to light. Depending on additional factors, e.g., patient-specific neuronal reserve (Liberati et al 2012) and preexisting comorbidities, the subcortical and cortical pathology that develops during stages III and IV can suffice to pave the way for some degree of clinically detectable cognitive impairment. Accordingly, the clinical histories of individuals at stage IV may refer to mild cognitive impairment (MCI), e.g., difficulties solving simple arithmetical or abstract problems, deficits of short-term memory (so-called 'working memory' deficits), and changes in personality ranging from apathy or depression to suspiciousness or irascible behavior and withdrawal from social contacts.…”

Section: The Prevalence Of Tau Stages and Aβ Phases In Various Age Camentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuroanatomy and Pathology of Sporadic Alzheimer's Disease

Braak

Tredici

2015

Advances in Anatomy, Embryology and Cell Biology

184

266

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Reviews and critical articles covering the entire field of normal anatomy (cytology, histology, cyto-and histochemistry, electron microscopy, macroscopy, experimental morphology and embryology and comparative anatomy) are published in Advances in Anatomy, Embryology and Cell Biology. Papers dealing with anthropology and clinical morphology that aim to encourage cooperation between anatomy andrelated disciplines will also be accepted. Papers are normally commissioned. Original papers and communications may be submitted and will be considered for publication provided they meet the requirements of a review article and thus fit into the scope of "Advances". English language is preferred. It is a fundamental condition that submitted manuscripts have not been and will not simultaneously be submitted or published elsewhere. With the acceptance of a manuscript for publication, the publisher acquires full and exclusive copyright for all languages and countries.

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“…Thus, the entire neuronal-glial-vasculature network could be involved in the contribution of chimaerin to neuronal plasticity. This concept is central to the brain/cognitive reserve hypothesis which has been proposed to explain neuronal plasticity induced by pathology or trauma [35,36]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of α-Chimaerin as a Candidate Gene for Critical Period Neuronal Plasticity in Cat and Mouse Visual Cortex

et al. 2011

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BackgroundIn cat visual cortex, critical period neuronal plasticity is minimal until approximately 3 postnatal weeks, peaks at 5 weeks, gradually declines to low levels at 20 weeks, and disappears by 1 year of age. Dark rearing slows the entire time course of this critical period, such that at 5 weeks of age, normal cats are more plastic than dark reared cats, whereas at 20 weeks, dark reared cats are more plastic. Thus, a stringent criterion for identifying genes that are important for plasticity in visual cortex is that they show differences in expression between normal and dark reared that are of opposite direction in young versus older animals.ResultsThe present study reports the identification by differential display PCR of a novel gene, α-chimaerin, as a candidate visual cortex critical period plasticity gene that showed bidirectional regulation of expression due to age and dark rearing. Northern blotting confirmed the bidirectional expression and 5'RACE sequencing identified the gene. There are two alternatively-spliced α-chimaerin isoforms: α1 and α2. Western blotting extended the evidence for bidirectional regulation of visual cortex α-chimaerin isoform expression to protein in cats and mice. α1- and α2-Chimaerin were elevated in dark reared compared to normal visual cortex at the peak of the normal critical period and in normal compared to dark reared visual cortex at the nadir of the normal critical period. Analysis of variance showed a significant interaction in both cats and mice for both α-chimaerin isoforms, indicating that the effect of dark rearing depended on age. This differential expression was not found in frontal cortex.ConclusionsChimaerins are RhoGTPase-activating proteins that are EphA4 effectors and have been implicated in a number of processes including growth cone collapse, axon guidance, dendritic spine development and the formation of corticospinal motor circuits. The present results identify α-chimaerin as a candidate molecule for a role in the postnatal critical period of visual cortical plasticity.

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Cognitive reserve and its implications for rehabilitation and Alzheimer’s disease

Cited by 61 publications

References 128 publications

Atividades avançadas de vida diária e incidência de declínio cognitivo em idosos: Estudo SABE

Atividades avançadas de vida diária e incidência de declínio cognitivo em idosos: Estudo SABE

Neuroanatomy and Pathology of Sporadic Alzheimer's Disease

Identification of α-Chimaerin as a Candidate Gene for Critical Period Neuronal Plasticity in Cat and Mouse Visual Cortex

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