Cognitive reserve and appraisal in multiple sclerosis

Schwartz, Carolyn E.; Snook, Erin M.; Quaranto, Brian R.; Benedict, Ralph H. B.; Rapkin, Bruce D.; Vollmer, Timothy

doi:10.1016/j.msard.2012.07.006

Cited by 27 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 22 publications

(23 reference statements)

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“…Reserve may also span person characteristics, such as attitudes, values, and socio-emotional skills, rather than only behaviors. For example, cross-sectional data suggest that people with high levels of current Reserve-building activities in their life also tend to think differently about quality of life, characterized by a greater emphasis on the positive, focusing on aspects of their life that are more controllable, and being less based in fantasy [ 39 ]. These findings are consistent with research that suggests that if stressors are perceived with a more positive frame they can have a protective effect [ 40 ].…”

Section: Main Textmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reserve and Reserve-building activities research: key challenges and future directions

2016

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BackgroundThe concept of Cognitive Reserve has great appeal and has led to an interesting and important body of research. We believe, however, that it is unnecessarily limited by ‘habits’ of measurement, nomenclature, and intra-disciplinary thinking.Main bodyA broader, more comprehensive way of conceptualizing Reserve is proposed that invokes a broader measurement approach, nomenclature that uses specific terms embedded in a theoretical model, and crosses disciplines.ConclusionBuilding on this comprehensive conceptualization, we will discuss fruitful directions for future research.

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Section: Main Textmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reserve and Reserve-building activities research: key challenges and future directions

2016

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“…This pattern of associations does not suggest multi-collinearity. Because of low statistical power concerns, the inclusion of both past reserve-building activities components was forced in the multivariate modeling as a covariate since they remain theoretically relevant [52]. Table 4 shows results of the models testing main effects of implicit processes of understanding, and Fig.…”

Section: Inter-correlationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new perspective on proxy report: Investigating implicit processes of understanding through patient–proxy congruence

et al. 2015

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“…Response shift research using the direct assessment of appraisal [19,20] focuses on individual-level change in how respondents think about QOL and has revealed important differences in health outcomes and resilience over time [21][22][23][24][25][26]. This approach enables a descriptive understanding of adaptation processes, and can point to useful directions for clinical intervention.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does response shift impact interpretation of change even among scales developed using item response theory?

Schwartz

Stucky

Michael

et al. 2020

J Patient Rep Outcomes

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Background: Response-shift effects impact the interpretation of change in quality-of-life (QOL) measures developed with classical test theory (CTT) methods. This study evaluated the impact of response shift on measures developed using Item Response Theory (IRT), as compared to CTT. Methods: Chronically ill patients and caregivers (n = 1481) participated in a web-based survey at baseline and 17 months later. Patients completed the IRT-based PROMIS-10; NeuroQOL Applied Cognition, Positive Affect & Well-Being short-forms; and the CTT-based Ryff Environmental Mastery subscale. Response-shift effects were evaluated using regression residual modeling and the QOL Appraisal Profile-v2. The sample was divided into positive and negative catalyst groups on the basis of marital, work, job-status, and comorbidity change. Regression models predicted residualized QOL change scores as a function of catalysts and appraisal changes. Results: In this sample 859 (58%) reported a catalyst. No catalyst was associated with change in scales developed using IRT, but positive work change was associated with the CTT-based measure. Catalyst variables were associated with changes in appraisal, which in turn were related to all outcomes, particularly for global mental health after a positive work-change. Conclusions: Appraisal processes are relevant to interpreting IRT measures, particularly for global mental health in the face of life changes.

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Cognitive reserve and appraisal in multiple sclerosis

Cited by 27 publications

References 22 publications

Reserve and Reserve-building activities research: key challenges and future directions

Reserve and Reserve-building activities research: key challenges and future directions

A new perspective on proxy report: Investigating implicit processes of understanding through patient–proxy congruence

Does response shift impact interpretation of change even among scales developed using item response theory?

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