Cognitive Processes Mediate the Relation Between Mindfulness and Social Anxiety Within a Clinical Sample

Schmertz, Stefan K.; Masuda, Akihiko; Anderson, Page L.

doi:10.1002/jclp.20861

Cited by 26 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…These strengths notwithstanding, the present study also had limitations. Although cross-sectional designs are commonly used to explore mediation hypotheses (e.g., Schmertz, Masuda, & Anderson, 2012), cross-sectional studies cannot be used to infer causal relationships between variables, and future studies should extend our results using longitudinal designs. In addition, the present study examined a young, predominantly female student sample, which may limit the generalizability of the findings.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Intolerance of Uncertainty Mediates the Relation Between Generalized Anxiety Disorder Symptoms and Anger

Fracalanza

Koerner

Deschênes

et al. 2014

Cognitive Behaviour Therapy

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Previous research has shown that individuals with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) report elevated anger compared with nonanxious individuals; however, the pathways linking GAD and anger are currently unknown. We hypothesized that negative beliefs about uncertainty, negative beliefs about worry and perfectionism dimensions mediate the relationship between GAD symptoms and anger variables. We employed multiple mediation with bootstrapping on cross-sectional data from a student sample (N = 233) to test four models assessing potential mediators of the association of GAD symptoms to inward anger expression, outward anger expression, trait anger and hostility, respectively. The belief that uncertainty has negative personal and behavioural implications uniquely mediated the association of GAD symptoms to inward anger expression (confidence interval [CI] = .0034, .1845, PM = .5444), and the belief that uncertainty is unfair and spoils everything uniquely mediated the association of GAD symptoms to outward anger expression (CI = .0052, .1936, PM = .4861) and hostility (CI = .0269, .2427, PM = .3487). Neither negative beliefs about worry nor perfectionism dimensions uniquely mediated the relation of GAD symptoms to anger constructs. We conclude that intolerance of uncertainty may help to explain the positive connection between GAD symptoms and anger, and these findings give impetus to future longitudinal investigations of the role of anger in GAD.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Intolerance of Uncertainty Mediates the Relation Between Generalized Anxiety Disorder Symptoms and Anger

Fracalanza

Koerner

Deschênes

et al. 2014

Cognitive Behaviour Therapy

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“…Indeed, one study found that probability and cost biases partially mediated the relation between mindfulness and social anxiety among individuals with social phobia using a cross-sectional design (Schmertz, Masuda, & Anderson, 2012). That is, the relation between mindfulness and social anxiety was explained through relations to cognitive biases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive processes as mediators of the relation between mindfulness and change in social anxiety symptoms following cognitive behavioral treatment

Morgan

Price

Schmertz

et al. 2013

Anxiety, Stress, & Coping

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The present study examined whether pretreatment mindfulness exerts an indirect effect on outcomes following cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT). Cognitive processes of probability and cost bias (i.e., overestimations of the likelihood that negative social events will occur, and that these events will have negative consequences when they do occur) were explored as potential mediators of the relation between mindfulness and social anxiety symptom change. People with higher levels of mindfulness may be better able to benefit from treatments that reduce biases because mindfulness may aid in regulation of attention. Sixty-seven individuals with a primary diagnosis of social phobia identifying public speaking as their greatest fear received eight sessions of one of two types of exposure-based CBT delivered according to treatment manuals. Participants completed self-report measures of mindfulness, probability bias, cost bias, and social anxiety symptoms. Mediation hypotheses were assessed by a bootstrapped regression using treatment outcome data. Pretreatment mindfulness was not related to change in social anxiety symptoms from pre- to posttreatment. However, mindfulness had an indirect effect on treatment outcome via its association with probability bias, but not cost bias, at midtreatment. These findings were consistent across three metrics of social anxiety symptoms. Mindfulness may play a role in response to CBT among individuals with social phobia through its relation with probability bias – even when the treatment does not target mindfulness.

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“…Other mediating variables may play a role in this scenario. For example, Schmertz found that rumination was a mediating variable between mindfulness and social anxiety in clinical population (31). This may have affected the results, meaning that students' ruminations may have affected the correlation between the intensity of cognitive fusion and social interaction anxiety.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship Between Experiential Avoidance and Cognitive Fusion to Social Interaction Anxiety in Students

2018

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Background: The current study aimed at assessing the relationship between experiential avoidance (EA) and cognitive fusion to the level of anxiety in students experiencing such problems in their social interactions. Methods: The sample consisted of 324 college students who were randomly selected by cluster sampling method. They completed acceptance and action questionnaire (AAQ-II), social anxiety-acceptance and action questionnaire (SA-AAQ), cognitive fusion questionnaire (CFQ), believability of anxious feelings and thoughts questionnaire (BAFT), and social interaction anxiety scale (SIAS). Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression analysis were used to analyze the data. Results:The results showed a positive correlation between EA (r = 0.45; P < 0.001) and social anxiety-acceptance and action (r = -0.50; P < 0.001) and anxiety in social interactions. A significant positive correlation was also found between CFQ (r = 0.48; P < 0.001) and BAFT (r = 0.26; P < 0.001) and social interaction anxiety. Overall EA (β = 0.45) and acceptance (β = -0.37) and action (β = -0.12) components of SA-AAQ scores were predictor for overall anxiety score in social interactions (P < 0.001) In addition, overall cognitive fusion score (β = 0.48; P < 0.001), and somatic concerns (β = 0.16; P < 0.01), negative evaluation (β = 0.32; P < 0.003) and emotion regulation (β = -0.21; P < 0.001) components of BAFT could predict anxiety in social interactions. Conclusions:The results of the current study showed a correlation between EA and cognitive fusion and students anxiety in social interactions.

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Cognitive Processes Mediate the Relation Between Mindfulness and Social Anxiety Within a Clinical Sample

Abstract: Further research using a longitudinal design and other measures of mindfulness is needed to replicate these findings and further explicate the mechanism by which mindfulness might be associated with negative cognitive appraisals.

Cited by 26 publications

References 62 publications

Intolerance of Uncertainty Mediates the Relation Between Generalized Anxiety Disorder Symptoms and Anger

Intolerance of Uncertainty Mediates the Relation Between Generalized Anxiety Disorder Symptoms and Anger

Cognitive processes as mediators of the relation between mindfulness and change in social anxiety symptoms following cognitive behavioral treatment

Relationship Between Experiential Avoidance and Cognitive Fusion to Social Interaction Anxiety in Students

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