Cognitive, physical, and mental health outcomes between long-term cannabis and tobacco users

Lovell, M.E.; Bruno, Raimondo; Johnston, Jennifer; Matthews, Allison; McGregor, Iain S.; Allsop, David; Lintzeris, Nicholas

doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2017.12.009

Cited by 31 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 60 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…It has been demonstrated that acute marijuana smoking impairs driving performance [54], with an increase in motor vehicle fatalities linked to marijuana legalization [55]. Both short-term [56] and long-term [57] use can lead to cognitive performance decline. Individuals should consider these facts and utilize the data presented in this study only in the context of the "big picture".…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronic Marijuana Smoking Does Not Negatively Impact Select Blood Oxidative Stress Biomarkers in Young, Physically Active Men and Women

Butawan¹,

Smith²

2018

Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: The smoking of Cannabis sativa, the marijuana plant, is increasing in popularity among young adults, even those who may be engaged in regular exercise (i.e., athletes). Research has shown the plant to have antioxidant and analgesic properties, but the effects on oxidative stress are conflicting. The purpose of this study was to measure blood oxidative stress and cardio-metabolic parameters in physically active men and women who regularly smoke marijuana. Methods: A total of 43 marijuana smokers (23 ± 4 years) and 22 non-smokers (24 ± 7 years), who did not smoke tobacco products, participated in this study. Both smokers and non-smokers engaged in regularly exercise, totaling several hours per week (6.4 ± 4.0 and 6.8 ± 4.4, respectively). Smokers reported using marijuana frequently during the week (4.5 ± 2.3 sessions) for a minimum of three consecutive months prior to participating in the study. Blood samples were collected from participants following a 12-hour fast (all food, drink [except water] and smoking) and analyzed for malondialdehyde, advanced oxidation protein products, glucose, cholesterol, and triglycerides. Heart rate and blood pressure was also measured and recorded. Results: No differences of statistical significance were noted for any variable (p > 0.05), with very similar values noted between smokers and non-smokers. Conclusions: In a sample of young, physically active men and women, regular marijuana smoking is not associated with untoward effects on select biomarkers of oxidative stress and cardio-metabolic health. These findings do not suggest that marijuana smoking can be done without harm, as limitations of this study need to be considered.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronic Marijuana Smoking Does Not Negatively Impact Select Blood Oxidative Stress Biomarkers in Young, Physically Active Men and Women

Butawan¹,

Smith²

2018

Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Cannabis use among individuals older than 12 years old has increased from 6.2% in 2002 to 8.3% in 2015 (Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, 2016). Cannabis has been suggested to have negative effects on memory, attention, executive function, and emotional processing (Broyd et al, 2016;Lovell et al, 2018;Troup et al, 2017Troup et al, , 2016b, and has also been correlated with differences in grey matter volume in areas of the brain involved in attention, emotion, and memory (Lorenzetti et al, 2016). Although there are some deficits correlated with cannabis use, some researchers have suggested that cannabinoids have anxiolytic effects (Berrendero and Maldonado, 2002;Patel and Hillard, 2006;Rubino et al, 2007;Viveros et al, 2005).…”

Section: Residual Effects Of Cannabis Use On Attentional Bias Towardsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Residual effects of cannabis use on attentional bias towards fearful faces

2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Cannabis use has increased since legalization in various states within the United States of America. Although much of the research on the neurological and psychological effects of cannabis has been on non-human animals, the current research suggests that it can have anxiolytic effects and also decrease some cognitive functioning (e.g. memory, emotional processing, etc.). Individuals with high anxiety have been suggested to have increased attentional bias towards threat-related stimuli. The current study measured event-related potential (ERP) during a dot-probe task with fearful and neutral facial expression to examine the residual effects of cannabis use on attentional bias. The results indicated that there was reduced attentional bias, as measured by the P1 component in cannabis users, which is similar to low anxious individuals. Additionally, there was no difference between users and non-users in N170, indicating that the residual effects of cannabis did not interfere with face processing. However, an exploratory correlation indicated that higher cannabis use was associated with reduced N170 towards fearful faces. Cannabis use was associated with enhanced N2pc, which would indicate greater spatial orientation of attention. These results suggest that cannabis use did have an effect on attentional bias towards fearful faces.

show abstract

“…11,12 With a growing number of states legalizing recreational or medical cannabis, the proportion of individuals using cannabis for different purposes is proposed to markedly increase in the future. Cannabis use has been associated with deleterious effects on health, including respiratory diseases, 13,14 cognitive functions, 15,16 and long-term mental health. 17 Recent cohort study suggests that neither lifetime cannabis use nor recent use is associated with the incidence of CVD in middle age.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lifetime Average Cannabis Use in Relation to Hypertriglyceridemic Waist Phenotype in U.S. Adults: A Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study

Ngueta

2020

Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background and Aims: With a growing number of states legalizing recreational or medical cannabis, prevalence of cannabis users is expected to markedly increase in the future. We aim to determine the association between lifetime cannabis use and the likelihood for hypertriglyceridemic waist (HTGW + /+) phenotype in U.S. adults. Methods: We abstracted data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2009 to 2016. We estimated the minimal lifetime cannabis use using the duration of regular exposure and the frequency of use. Outcomes were HTGW + /+ phenotype, defined as being waist circumference >90 cm (for men) or 85 cm (for women), and serum fasting triglycerides ‡177 mg/dL. We used multiple logistic regression models to estimate the adjusted odds ratio (AOR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results: Of the 47,364 adults included, 48.5% were women. The prevalence of HTGW + /+ phenotype was 11.7%. Current, but not former, users were less likely to show HTGW + /+ phenotype. Current cannabis users with greater or equal to four uses per week showed a significant lower likelihood for HTGW + /+ than those who never used cannabis (AOR 0.46 [95% CI, 0.22-0.97]). HTGW + /+ phenotype was associated with neither two to three uses per week (AOR 1.12 [95% CI, 0.40-3.12]) nor less than two uses per week (AOR 0.56 [95% CI, 0.18-1.73]). Conclusions: Average lifetime frequency of greater or equal to four cannabis uses per week is linked to lower odds of HTGW + /+ in current users. Former use is not associated with HTGW + / + .

show abstract

Cognitive, physical, and mental health outcomes between long-term cannabis and tobacco users

Cited by 31 publications

References 60 publications

Chronic Marijuana Smoking Does Not Negatively Impact Select Blood Oxidative Stress Biomarkers in Young, Physically Active Men and Women

Chronic Marijuana Smoking Does Not Negatively Impact Select Blood Oxidative Stress Biomarkers in Young, Physically Active Men and Women

Residual effects of cannabis use on attentional bias towards fearful faces

Lifetime Average Cannabis Use in Relation to Hypertriglyceridemic Waist Phenotype in U.S. Adults: A Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About