Cognitive performance is impaired in coeliac patients on gluten free diet: A case–control study in patients older than 65 years of age

Casella, Silvia; Zanini, Bárbara; Lotti, Francesco; Ricci, Chiara; Marengoni, Alessandra; Romanelli, Giuseppe; Lanzini, Alberto

doi:10.1016/j.dld.2012.03.008

Cited by 33 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…In addition, a study by Casella et al (83) evaluated the functional and cognitive performance in CD patients diagnosed at the age of 65 years or older, compared with age-and sexmatched control patients using psychometric tests to obtain comprehensive information on functional performance, and general or more specific cognitive functions. The results evidenced how cognitive performance is worse in the elderly than in control patients, despite a longer time on a GFD (83) . Several studies have investigated the relationship between dementia and CD (59) .…”

Section: Neurological Complications and Cognitive Impairment In Coelimentioning

confidence: 99%

The progression of coeliac disease: its neurological and psychiatric implications

et al. 2016

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The aim of the paper is to show the various neurological and psychiatric symptoms in coeliac disease (CD). CD is a T cell-mediated, tissuespecific autoimmune disease which affects genetically susceptible individuals after dietary exposure to proline-and glutamine-rich proteins contained in certain cereal grains. Genetics, environmental factors and different immune systems, together with the presence of auto-antigens, are taken into account when identifying the pathogenesis of CD. CD pathogenesis is related to immune dysregulation, which involves the gastrointestinal system, and the extra-intestinal systems such as the nervous system, whose neurological symptoms are evidenced in CD patients. A gluten-free diet (GFD) could avoid cerebellar ataxia, epilepsy, neuropathies, migraine and mild cognitive impairment. Furthermore, untreated CD patients have more symptoms and psychiatric co-morbidities than those treated with a GFD. Common psychiatric symptoms in untreated CD adult patients include depression, apathy, anxiety, and irritability and schizophrenia is also common in untreated CD. Several studies show improvement in psychiatric symptoms after the start of a GFD. The present review discusses the state of the art regarding neurological and psychiatric complications in CD and highlights the evidence supporting a role for GFD in reducing neurological and psychiatric complications.

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Section: Neurological Complications and Cognitive Impairment In Coelimentioning

confidence: 99%

The progression of coeliac disease: its neurological and psychiatric implications

et al. 2016

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“…Indeed, many studies have assessed the neurologic manifestations of CD, using clinical, laboratory or neuro-imaging methods. [29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36] A recent report by Pennisi et al explored CNS electrophysiology, using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) in adult CD patients. The authors found an increased cortical excitability to TMS in untreated CD patients compared to healthy controls, which could be attributed to dysfunctional GABAergic and glutamatergic transmission.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36] A recent report by Pennisi et al explored CNS electrophysiology, using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) in adult CD patients. [29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36] A recent report by Pennisi et al explored CNS electrophysiology, using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) in adult CD patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum brain‐derived neurotrophic factor in children with coeliac disease

Margoni

Michalakakou

Angeli

et al. 2018

Eur J Clin Investigation

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“…Undeniably, indeed, AGA levels tend to decrease when individuals take less gluten [31] and GFD has the potential to stop the development of other gluten-associated pathologies [9,10,32,33]. Nonetheless, the effect of GFD still remains a debatable issue and patients >65 years old present with worse cognitive performance compared to sex-and age-matched controls even after a long-term treatment with GFD [34]. …”

Section: Cognitive Complications Of Celiac Disease: a Brief Overvimentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive Impairment and Celiac Disease: Is Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation a Trait d’Union between Gut and Brain?

Lanza

Bella

Cantone

et al. 2018

IJMS

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Celiac disease is a systemic disorder with multifactorial pathogenesis and multifaceted symptomatology. In response to gluten exposure, a significant part of the general population produces antibodies that have been hypothesized to be deleterious to the brain. Among the well-known neurological manifestations, adult celiac patients often complain cognitive symptoms, ranging from the so-called “brain fog” till an overt dementia. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a non-invasive brain stimulation technique that can contribute to the assessment and monitoring of celiac patients, even in those without a clear neurological involvement. The studies here reviewed seem to converge on an impaired central motor conductivity and a “hyperexcitable celiac brain” to TMS, which partially reverts back after a long-term gluten restriction. Notably, a clear hyperexcitability is a stably reported feature of both degenerative and vascular dementia. Therefore, given its potential neuroprotective effect, the gluten-free diet should be introduced as early as possible, although the overall response of neurological symptoms (and cognition in particular) is still controversial. Identifying new and possibly modifiable risk factors may be of crucial importance for patients, clinicians, and researchers.

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Cognitive performance is impaired in coeliac patients on gluten free diet: A case–control study in patients older than 65 years of age

Cited by 33 publications

References 41 publications

The progression of coeliac disease: its neurological and psychiatric implications

The progression of coeliac disease: its neurological and psychiatric implications

Serum brain‐derived neurotrophic factor in children with coeliac disease

Cognitive Impairment and Celiac Disease: Is Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation a Trait d’Union between Gut and Brain?

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