Cognitive outcomes among Latino survivors of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia and lymphoma: A cross‐sectional cohort study using culturally competent, performance‐based assessment

Bava, Laura; Johns, Alexis L.; Kayser, Kimberly; Freyer, David R.

doi:10.1002/pbc.26844

Cited by 14 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Study procedures have been previously described. 18 In brief, as part of their cancer survivorship clinic initial evaluation, survivors of childhood ALL/LL routinely undergo neurocognitive assessment based upon a combination of the Children's Oncology Group Long-term Follow-up Guidelines 19 and programmatic standards. 20 Participants were recruited from the survivorship clinic and provided informed consent/assent.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This cross‐sectional study represents a secondary analysis focused on language proficiency including data previously reported on neurocognitive outcomes using standardized performance‐based measures 18 . This study sample was nested in a cancer survivorship research database approved by the Institutional Review Board and registered on ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT01518400).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This cross-sectional study represents a secondary analysis focused on language proficiency including data previously reported on neurocognitive outcomes using standardized performance-based measures. 18 This…”

Section: Study Design Setting and Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A total of 149 patients of any race/ethnicity were approached to receive this clinical service 18 (Figure 1).…”

Section: Participant Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Association of language proficiency, sociodemographics, and neurocognitive functioning in dual‐language Latino survivors of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia and lymphoma

Bava

Freyer

Radbill

et al. 2021

Pediatric Blood & Cancer

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Background: Survivors of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia and lymphoma (ALL/LL) are at risk for cognitive dysfunction, but little is known about its relationship with language proficiency and sociodemographics.Procedure: In this cross-sectional cohort study of Latino survivors of childhood ALL/LL, English and Spanish language proficiency and cognitive and academic functioning were measured and their associations determined using paired t-tests, Pearson correlations, and linear regressions.Results: Participants (N = 57; 50.9% female) had mean ages (years ± SD) of 4.3 ± 2.6 at diagnosis and 10.6 ± 2.9 at testing (range 6-16); mean time post treatment was 3.7 ± 2.6 years. The majority (73.7%) had low socioeconomic status (SES). Most (78.8%) were dual-language learners in English and Spanish. English proficiency was graded as limited-to-fluent and was significantly higher than Spanish (p < .001). Higher SES was correlated with higher English proficiency (r = 0.31, p = .020). Males had higher Spanish proficiency (r = −0.32, p = .034). Controlling for SES and sex, English proficiency accounted for 43% of cognitive functioning variance (F = 14.86, p < .001), 55% of reading comprehension variance (F = 22.14, p < .001), and 21% of mathematics variance (F = 5.76, p = .002). Conclusions:Low language proficiency correlated with SES but was independently associated with lower cognitive and academic functioning. Research and surveillance for neurocognitive late effects in Latino ALL/LL survivors should incorporate measures of language proficiency and SES to account for their effects on cognitive and academic functioning.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Study Design Setting and Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A total of 149 patients of any race/ethnicity were approached to receive this clinical service 18 (Figure 1).…”

Section: Participant Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Association of language proficiency, sociodemographics, and neurocognitive functioning in dual‐language Latino survivors of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia and lymphoma

Bava

Freyer

Radbill

et al. 2021

Pediatric Blood & Cancer

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“…To date, limited research examines functional outcomes, or long‐term outcomes more generally, in racial or ethnic minority survivors of pediatric brain tumor despite widespread recognition of the need for such studies . Two studies have reported neurocognitive and psychosocial outcomes among cohorts of Latino/Hispanic survivors of acute lymphoblastic leukemia. In fact, the most recent studies of adaptive functioning in survivors of pediatric brain tumor do not report on the ethnic or racial make‐up of the sample and exclude non‐English‐speaking families from participation …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adaptive functioning in pediatric brain tumor survivors: An examination of ethnicity and socioeconomic status

Raghubar

Orobio

Ris

et al. 2019

Pediatric Blood & Cancer

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Background Survivors of pediatric brain tumor are at risk for adaptive difficulties. The present study examined adaptive functioning in a multiethnic sample of survivors accounting for socioeconomic status, and whether demographic, diagnostic, and/or treatment‐related variables predict adaptive outcomes. Method Participants included a multiethnic sample of survivors (58 Caucasian, 34 Hispanic, and 22 other non‐Caucasian; M age = 14.05 years, SD = 4.33) who were approximately seven years post‐treatment. Parents rated adaptive functioning and provided demographic information. Diagnostic and treatment‐related information was abstracted from the electronic medical record. Results Parent ratings of adaptive functioning were similar across Caucasian, Hispanic, and other non‐Caucasian survivors covarying for family income and primary caregiver education, both of which served as proxies for socioeconomic status. All ethnic groups were rated lower than the normative mean in overall adaptive functioning as well as the specific domains of conceptual, social, and practical skills. Demographic, diagnostic, and treatment‐related variables were differentially associated with adaptive functioning in survivors of pediatric brain tumor, though socioeconomic status emerged as a strong significant predictor of adaptive functioning domains. Conclusions Adaptive outcomes do not differ as a function of ethnicity after accounting for primary caregiver education and family income. Racial and ethnic minorities may be at increased risk for poorer outcomes given their overrepresentation at lower income levels. Assessing demographic and treatment‐related variables early on may be helpful in identifying children likely to develop adaptive difficulties.

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Acute and Long-term Neurological Complications of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) Therapy in Latino Children

Brown

Raghubar

Scheurer

et al. 2022

Advancing the Science of Cancer in Latinos

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Over the last several decades, the survival for pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) has increased from about 40–90%. However, current treatment strategies are associated with several acute and long-term toxicities, including neurotoxicity. Further, racial and ethnic disparities persist in both incidence and outcomes for ALL. In particular, Latino children experience both the highest incidence of ALL and less favorable outcomes. The incidence of neurotoxicity during ALL therapy potentially jeopardizes treatment efficacy, and long-term neurocognitive impairment profoundly affects quality of life for survivors. Emerging evidence indicates that Latino patients may be particularly susceptible to these adverse side effects of therapy. Unfortunately, studies of neurotoxicity during ALL therapy have not included large populations of Latino children. Therefore, well-designed studies are needed to characterize neurotoxicity outcomes in Latino patients, while considering factors associated with disparities in cognitive performance in the general population, including socioeconomic status and acculturation. Ultimately, a better understanding of the various factors likely responsible for disparities in neurotoxicity is needed to improve outcomes for Latino children with ALL; these factors include inherited genetic variation, clinical characteristics, and sociocultural differences.

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Cognitive outcomes among Latino survivors of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia and lymphoma: A cross‐sectional cohort study using culturally competent, performance‐based assessment

Abstract: Similar to other childhood ALL/LL survivors, overall cognitive function in this Latino sample was relatively preserved but selected deficits were observed. Routine cognitive screening is indicated in this population.

Cited by 14 publications

References 38 publications

Association of language proficiency, sociodemographics, and neurocognitive functioning in dual‐language Latino survivors of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia and lymphoma

Association of language proficiency, sociodemographics, and neurocognitive functioning in dual‐language Latino survivors of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia and lymphoma

Adaptive functioning in pediatric brain tumor survivors: An examination of ethnicity and socioeconomic status

Acute and Long-term Neurological Complications of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) Therapy in Latino Children

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