Cognitive Impairment in Mild General Paresis of the Insane: AD-Like Pattern

Wang, Jianhong; Guo, Qihao; Zhou, Pingyu; Zhang, Jun; Zhao, Qianhua; Hong, Zhen

doi:10.1159/000326908

Cited by 24 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 38 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…A comprehensive neuropsychological battery was used, which included assessments of memory, language, attention, executive function and visuospatial ability. All tests have been shown to have good reliability and validity when used in Chinese populations [10]. The specific tests employed were: the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale [11]; the Auditory Verbal Learning Test (AVLT) [12], [13]; the Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure Test (CFT) [13], the event-based prospective memory test (EBPM) and the time-based prospective memory test (TBPM) [14], [15]; the Boston Naming Test (BNT, 30-item version) [16]; the verbal fluency test (VFT) [17]–[19]; the Trail Making Test, parts A and B (TMT-A, TMT-B) [20]; the Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT) [21]; the Stroop Color-Word Test (SCWT) [22]; the similarity test [23]; the stick test [24]; and the clock drawing test (CDT) [25], [26].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive Impairments in Hashimoto’s Encephalopathy: A Case-Control Study

Wang

Zhang

et al. 2013

PLoS ONE

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background/AimsHashimoto's encephalopathy is considered as a treatable dementia, but it is often misdiagnosed. We investigated cognitive impairment and the MRI pathology of Hashimoto's encephalopathy patients.MethodsThe study comprised eight patients with Hashimoto's encephalopathy, 16 patients with mild Alzheimer’s disease and 24 healthy subjects. A neuropsychological battery included assessments of memory, language, attention, executive function and visuospatial ability. Cranial MRI was obtained from all Hashimoto's encephalopathy patients.ResultsHashimoto's encephalopathy and mild Alzheimer’s disease showed cognitive impairments in episodic memory, attention, executive function and visuospatial ability, but naming ability was unaffected in Hashimoto's encephalopathy. The MRI of Hashimoto's encephalopathy showed leukoencephalopathy-like type or limbic encephalitis-like type; the lesions did not affect the temporal cortex which plays a role in naming ability.ConclusionExcept that the naming ability was retained, the impairments in cognitive functions for the Hashimoto's encephalopathy patients were similar to those of Alzheimer’s disease patients. These results were consistent with the MRI findings.

show abstract

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive Impairments in Hashimoto’s Encephalopathy: A Case-Control Study

Wang

Zhang

et al. 2013

PLoS ONE

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In addition to AD and DLB, general paresis (GP), a chronic meningoencephalitis caused by direct invasion of the brain parenchyma by spirochetes, is also associated with amyloid deposits [17]. Patients with GP usually present with atrophy of the medial temporal lobe and AD-like cognitive impairment [18]. Inflammation and neurodegeneration can be found in the cortex of patients with GP [19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alterations of CSF Cystatin C Levels and Their Correlations with CSF Αβ40 and Αβ42 Levels in Patients with Alzheimer's Disease, Dementia with Lewy Bodies and the Atrophic Form of General Paresis

et al. 2013

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Immunohistochemical studies have revealed that cystatin C (CysC) co-localizes with amyloid-β (Αβ) in amyloid-laden vascular walls and in the senile plaque cores of amyloid. In vitro and in vivo animal studies suggest that CysC protects against neurodegeneration by inhibition of cysteine proteases, inhibition of Αβ aggregation, induction of autophagy and induction of cell division. CysC levels may be altered and may have a potential link with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) Aβ levels in various types of dementia with characteristic amyloid deposits, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) and the atrophic form of general paresis (AF-GP). We assessed the serum and CSF levels of CysC and the CSF levels of Aβ40 and Aβ42 in patients with AD (n = 51), DLB (n = 26) and AF-GP (n = 43) and normal controls (n = 30). Using these samples, we explored the correlation between CSF CysC and CSF Aβ levels. We found that in comparison to the normal control group, both CSF CysC and CSF Aβ42 levels were significantly lower in all three dementia groups (all p<0.001); serum CysC levels were the same in the AD and DLB groups, and were lower in the AF-GP group (p = 0.008). The CSF CysC levels were positively correlated with both the CSF Aβ40 and Aβ42 levels in the AD, AF-GP and normal control groups (r = 0.306∼0.657, all p<0.05). Lower CSF CysC levels might be a common feature in dementia with characteristic amyloid deposits. Our results provide evidence for the potential role of CysC involvement in Aβ metabolism and suggest that modulation of the CysC level in the brain might produce a disease-modifying effect in dementia with characteristic amyloid deposits.

show abstract

“…CSF levels of Aβ (1-42), which are believed to represent amyloid plaque pathology, were decreased in the atrophic form of general paresis [12,22]. Although neurosyphilis encompasses AD-like cognitive impairment [11] and AD-like decreases in CSF Aβ (1-42) [12], we found discrepancies in neuropsychiatric syndromes between neurosyphilis and AD. In patients with AD, the score on the psychosis and psychomotor syndrome factor increased significantly with disease severity across the spectrum of MCI, mild dementia, and severe dementia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Some clinical features of patients with neurosyphilis have been described as similar to those seen in patients with AD. Wang et al [11] showed a similar pattern of cognitive impairments in memory, language, and executive function between patients with neurosyphilis-dementia and patients with mild AD. Biologically, patients with AD and those with neurosyphilis-dementia appear to share decreased Aβ42 in the cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Neuropsychiatric Features of Neurosyphilis: Frequency, Relationship with the Severity of Cognitive Impairment and Comparison with Alzheimer Disease

Zhong

Shi

Hou

et al. 2017

Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: The pattern of neuropsychiatric features of patients with neurosyphilis and the impact of the severity of cognitive impairment on neuropsychiatric syndromes are unknown. Objective: We aim to assess the neuropsychiatric features of patients with neurosyphilis, and compare the impact of the severity of cognitive impairment on the neuropsychiatric syndromes between neurosyphilis and Alzheimer disease (AD). Methods: Neuropsychiatric symptoms and the degree of cognitive impairment were assessed in a case-control study of 91 neurosyphilis, 162 AD, 157 mild cognitive impairment, and 139 normal controls by the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI) scale and Clinical Dementia Rating scale, respectively. Factor analysis was performed on the 12 NPI items. Results: Factor analysis showed that patients with neurosyphilis showed more severe neuropsychiatric syndromes at the dementia stage than those neurosyphilis patients at the mild cognitive impairment stage, while neuropsychiatric manifestations were equally common among the different stages of dementia (all p < 0.05). Frontal lobe syndrome was more severe in patients with neurosyphilis than in patients with AD from the early mild cognitive impairment stage to the moderate dementia stage (all p < 0.01). Conclusions: Patients with neurosyphilis show different patterns of neuropsychiatric syndromes at the mild cognitive impairment and dementia stages, and differ from patients with AD.

show abstract

Cognitive Impairment in Mild General Paresis of the Insane: AD-Like Pattern

Cited by 24 publications

References 38 publications

Cognitive Impairments in Hashimoto’s Encephalopathy: A Case-Control Study

Cognitive Impairments in Hashimoto’s Encephalopathy: A Case-Control Study

Alterations of CSF Cystatin C Levels and Their Correlations with CSF Αβ40 and Αβ42 Levels in Patients with Alzheimer's Disease, Dementia with Lewy Bodies and the Atrophic Form of General Paresis

Neuropsychiatric Features of Neurosyphilis: Frequency, Relationship with the Severity of Cognitive Impairment and Comparison with Alzheimer Disease

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About