Cognitive impairment and memory dysfunction after a stroke diagnosis: a post-stroke memory assessment

Al-Qazzaz, Noor Kamal; Ali, Sawal Hamid Bin Mohd; Ahmad, Siti Anom; Islam, Shabiul; Mohamad, Khairiyah

doi:10.2147/ndt.s67184

Cited by 186 publications

(114 citation statements)

References 53 publications

(61 reference statements)

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“…Aβ fragments are hydrophobic peptides consisting of 40–42 residues derived from the sequential cleavage of APP by proteinases and beta (β)- and gamma (γ)-secretases. An imbalance between production and clearance of Aβ fragments may cause abnormal accumulation of these peptides inside the brain and the subsequent development of AD 14,15…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of stent-assisted angioplasty on cognitive status and serum levels of amyloid beta in patients with intracranial and/or extracranial artery stenosis

Zhao¹,

Zhao²,

Zhang³

2015

NDT

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AimThe study reported here aimed to examine how stent-assisted angioplasty affects cognitive status and serum levels of amyloid betas (Aβs) 1-40 and 1-42 in patients with cerebral arterial stenosis.MethodsPatients with cerebral arterial stenosis were given stent-assisted angioplasty plus conventional treatment (stent-assisted angioplasty group) or conventional treatment alone (control group). Cognitive status and Aβ1-40 and Aβ1-42 serum levels were determined before treatment and at 4 and 8 weeks after treatment.ResultsAt 4 weeks after treatment, cognitive status in patients with stent-assisted angioplasty had clearly improved. Aβ1-42 serum levels changed insignificantly in all patients. However, Aβ1-40 serum levels and Aβ1-40/Aβ1-42 ratio decreased further in patients with stent-assisted angioplasty than in patients who received conventional treatment (controls). Eight weeks after treatment, cognitive status in patients who had undergone stent-assisted angioplasty were continuing to improve, Aβ1-42 serum levels had begun to increase dramatically, and Aβ1-40 serum levels and Aβ1-40/Aβ1-42 ratio had declined further.ConclusionStent-assisted angioplasty could improve cognitive status and decrease Aβ1-40 serum levels and Aβ1-40/Aβ1-42 ratio.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of stent-assisted angioplasty on cognitive status and serum levels of amyloid beta in patients with intracranial and/or extracranial artery stenosis

Zhao¹,

Zhao²,

Zhang³

2015

NDT

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“…From a clinical perspective, the cognitive disorder called mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is surprisingly pervasive and is deemed to be an intermediary between normal cognitive function for old age and severe dementia [12]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Automatic Artifact Removal in EEG of Normal and Demented Individuals Using ICA–WT during Working Memory Tasks

Al-Qazzaz

Ali

Ahmad

et al. 2017

Sensors

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Characterizing dementia is a global challenge in supporting personalized health care. The electroencephalogram (EEG) is a promising tool to support the diagnosis and evaluation of abnormalities in the human brain. The EEG sensors record the brain activity directly with excellent time resolution. In this study, EEG sensor with 19 electrodes were used to test the background activities of the brains of five vascular dementia (VaD), 15 stroke-related patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and 15 healthy subjects during a working memory (WM) task. The objective of this study is twofold. First, it aims to enhance the recorded EEG signals using a novel technique that combines automatic independent component analysis (AICA) and wavelet transform (WT), that is, the AICA–WT technique; second, it aims to extract and investigate the spectral features that characterize the post-stroke dementia patients compared to the control subjects. The proposed AICA–WT technique is a four-stage approach. In the first stage, the independent components (ICs) were estimated. In the second stage, three-step artifact identification metrics were applied to detect the artifactual components. The components identified as artifacts were marked as critical and denoised through DWT in the third stage. In the fourth stage, the corrected ICs were reconstructed to obtain artifact-free EEG signals. The performance of the proposed AICA–WT technique was compared with those of two other techniques based on AICA and WT denoising methods using cross-correlation XCorr and peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR) (ANOVA, p ˂ 0.05). The AICA–WT technique exhibited the best artifact removal performance. The assumption that there would be a deceleration of EEG dominant frequencies in VaD and MCI patients compared with control subjects was assessed with AICA–WT (ANOVA, p ˂ 0.05). Therefore, this study may provide information on post-stroke dementia particularly VaD and stroke-related MCI patients through spectral analysis of EEG background activities that can help to provide useful diagnostic indexes by using EEG signal processing.

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“…1 Stroke patients also display an increased risk of developing dementia, which, in turn, may amplify their health and economic burdens. 2 Along with cognitive impairments, stroke patients often suffer paralysis and other physical impairments which entail exhaustive rehabilitation, contributing to stroke's high morbidity statistics. 2,3 Similarly, while less pervasive than stroke in terms of mortality, TBI caused approximately 2.4 million emergency room visits, hospitalizations, or deaths in the United States in 2010 alone.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2 Along with cognitive impairments, stroke patients often suffer paralysis and other physical impairments which entail exhaustive rehabilitation, contributing to stroke's high morbidity statistics. 2,3 Similarly, while less pervasive than stroke in terms of mortality, TBI caused approximately 2.4 million emergency room visits, hospitalizations, or deaths in the United States in 2010 alone. 4 Moreover, estimates indicate that 5.3 million Americans are presently living with disabilities resulting from TBI.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mesenchymal stem cell therapy alleviates the neuroinflammation associated with acquired brain injury

et al. 2020

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Acquired brain injury (ABI) entails any injury that disrupts neuronal activity and is not degenerative, hereditary, congenital, or induced by birth trauma. Traditional examples of ABI include not only stroke and traumatic brain injury (TBI), but also near drowning, aneurysm, tumor, meningitis and other infections involving the brain, and injuries resulting from lack of oxygen supply to the brain, such as those seen in myocardial infarction. ABI may involve a structural insult, changes to metabolic activity, or disruption to neuronal capabilities.While progressive loss of brain cells and debilitating motor and cognitive deficits play a role in all these disorders, stroke and TBI overlap particularly closely in pathology and impose an immense burden on the American and global populations. AbstractIschemic stroke and traumatic brain injury (TBI) comprise two particularly prevalent and costly examples of acquired brain injury (ABI). Following stroke or TBI, primary cell death and secondary cell death closely model disease progression and worsen outcomes. Mounting evidence indicates that long-term neuroinflammation extensively exacerbates the secondary deterioration of brain structure and function. Due to their immunomodulatory and regenerative properties, mesenchymal stem cell transplants have emerged as a promising approach to treating this facet of stroke and TBI pathology. In this review, we summarize the classification of cell death in ABI and discuss the prominent role of inflammation. We then consider the efficacy of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem/stromal cell (BM-MSC) transplantation as a therapy for these injuries. Finally, we examine recent laboratory and clinical studies utilizing transplanted BM-MSCs as antiinflammatory and neurorestorative treatments for stroke and TBI. Clinical trials of BM-MSC transplants for stroke and TBI support their promising protective and regenerative properties. Future research is needed to allow for better comparison among trials and to elaborate on the emerging area of cell-based combination treatments. K E Y W O R D Sbone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells, clinical trials, inflammation, ischemic stroke, preclinical studies, traumatic brain injury

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Cognitive impairment and memory dysfunction after a stroke diagnosis: a post-stroke memory assessment

Cited by 186 publications

References 53 publications

Effect of stent-assisted angioplasty on cognitive status and serum levels of amyloid beta in patients with intracranial and/or extracranial artery stenosis

Effect of stent-assisted angioplasty on cognitive status and serum levels of amyloid beta in patients with intracranial and/or extracranial artery stenosis

Automatic Artifact Removal in EEG of Normal and Demented Individuals Using ICA–WT during Working Memory Tasks

Mesenchymal stem cell therapy alleviates the neuroinflammation associated with acquired brain injury

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