Cognitive Impairment Among Elderly Adults in Shanghai, China

Yu, Elena S. H.; Liu, William T.; Levy, Paul S.; Zhang, Mingyuan; Katzman, Robert; Lung, Ching-tung; Wong, Siu-chi; Wang, Zheng-Yu; Qu, Guang-Ya

doi:10.1093/geronj/44.3.s97

Cited by 124 publications

(78 citation statements)

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“…The re ported prevalence represents those with se vere dementia, while the screening question naire will detect those with mild or moderate dementia as well. The prevalence of those with severe dementia will also be lower, prob ably due to increased mortality associated with this condition [21], A large number of surveys of dementia and cognitive impair ment have been reported all over the world, three of which are in Chinese populations [5,6,15,22], Since study populations vary in age structure, the number of subjects living in institutions, the screening instrument and cri teria used, strict regional comparisons are not possible. The age-specific prevalence rates of dementia for subjects aged 75+ years varies from 2.5 to 15.9%.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Associated factors may also differ between different so cial, cultural, or socioeconomic groups. At present there are few studies among elderly Chinese [5][6][7][8], the only previous study in Hong Kong was confined to the community, a younger age group, and lacked detailed infor mation regarding the diagnosis of physical ill nesses [8]. In this study, we determined the prevalence of cognitive impairment among elderly Chinese, aged 70 years and over, re cruited from the whole territory using strati fied sampling by age and sex groups, and examined its relationship with socioeconomic factors, disease, and disability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence of Cognitive Impairment and Associated Factors among Elderly Hong Kong Chinese Aged 70 Years and Over

Woo

Ho²,

Lau³

et al. 1994

Neuroepidemiology

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The prevalence of cognitive impairment was determined in a random age- and sex-stratified sample of 2,011 elderly Hong Kong Chinese, aged 70 years and over, consisting of subjects living in the community and in institutions. The Information/ Orientation Section of the Clifton Assessment Procedure was used as the screening instrument using a cutoff point of 7. The overall age-adjusted prevalence was 5% for men and 22% for women, and 15% for both sexes combined. Univariate analysis identified the following associated factors in order of magnitude of the odds ratio: age; history of Parkinson''s disease; functional disability; female sex; low educational level; low social class; history of stroke, and low monthly income. Other diseases, such as heart disease, hypertension, chronic lung diseases or diabetes, were not associated factors. In multivariate analysis, all the above factors remained significant with the exception of a history of stroke. The prevalence figures are comparable to other Caucasian and Chinese studies, and the associated factors identified suggest that there may be room for prevention.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Cognitive Impairment and Associated Factors among Elderly Hong Kong Chinese Aged 70 Years and Over

Woo

Ho²,

Lau³

et al. 1994

Neuroepidemiology

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“…Moceri, Kukull, Emanuel, van Belle, and Larson (2000) have argued that a suburban residence and a low number of siblings reduce the risk that lower levels of brain maturation predispose to AD. Consistent with this view is evidence for a link between education level and risk of AD (Katzman, 1993;Yu et al, 1989). Therefore, rather than affecting a cognitive phenotype, ApoE, which is known to play a role in neuron health and repair (Higgins et al, 1997), may influence neurotoxicity.…”

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confidence: 82%

The apolipoprotein E gene, attention, and brain function.

Parasuraman¹,

Greenwood²,

Sunderland³

2002

Neuropsychology

108

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The ɛ4 allele of the apolipoprotein E (ApoE) gene is associated with alterations in brain function and is a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Changes in components of visuospatial attention with ApoE-ɛ4, aging, and AD are described. Healthy middle-aged adults without dementia who have the ApoE-ɛ4 gene show deficits in spatial attention and working memory that are qualitatively similar to those seen in clinically diagnosed AD patients. The findings support an association between ApoE polymorphism and specific components of visuospatial attention. Molecular mechanisms that may mediate the ApoE-attention link by modulating cholinergic neurotransmission to the posterior parietal cortex are discussed. Studies of attention and brain function in ApoE-ɛ4 carriers without dementia can advance knowledge of the genetics of visual attention, may enhance understanding of the preclinical phase of AD, and may lead to better methods for early AD detection.Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) is an amino acid glycoprotein that is important in lipid storage, transport, and metabolism (Mahley, 1988). Although synthesized mainly in the liver, ApoE is also found in the peripheral and central nervous systems, including the brain. ApoE has long been of interest in medicine, but its importance in neuroscience increased dramatically with the identification of the ɛ4 allele of the ApoE gene on chromosome 19 as a major risk factor for the development of late-onset Alzheimer's disease (AD) in older adults Strittmatter et al., 1993). This discovery led to a growing number of studies examining the role of the ApoE gene in normal brain function and cognition, as well as in disorders such as AD, brain injury, and stroke (Higgins, Large, Rupniak, & Barnes, 1997;Horsburgh, McCarron, White, & Nicol, 2000; J. D. Smith, 2000).Polymorphisms of the ApoE gene are associated with significant alterations in brain morphology (Plassman et al., 1997) and cognitive functioning, including attention (Greenwood, Sunderland, Friz, & Parasuraman, 2000) and memory (Bondi et al., 1995). Studies of ApoE may thus reveal information relevant to the genetics of attention and memory in normal individuals. At the same time, such studies may identify cognitive and neural changes that may be characteristic of preclinical stages of AD. In this article, we review the role of the ApoE gene in normal cognition and in the development of deficits indicative of early AD.Currently, no reliable methods exist for the early detection and treatment of AD. New techniques for preventing, slowing the progression of, and treating AD are being urgently sought. Such efforts would be aided considerably if AD could be detected prior to the clinical diagnosis of AD and before irreversible brain changes occur (Daffner & Scinto, 2000). Postmortem studies show that neuropathological changes occur decades before the onset of NIH Public Access Author ManuscriptNeuropsychology. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2006 January 25. Published in final edited form as:Neuropsychology. 2002 April ; ...

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“…There have been a handful of studies and surveys related to the estimated prevalence of cognitive functional impairment among elderly people and about self-reported dementia in Hong Kong [40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48,49]. The varying numbers and prevalence rates derived from the various studies and surveys make it difficult to obtain proper prevalence rates and underline the importance of the following methodological features: study design, data sources (general or ad hoc surveys), response rates, screening and assessment tools, definitions, cut-offs, and the method of calculation that explains the variations in results.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decreased Proportion of Dementia-Free Life Expectancy in Hong Kong SAR

Cheung¹,

Yip²,

Branch³

et al. 2015

Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord

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Background: Estimations of life expectancies (LE) in health and ill health are important for planning future health care support. This study aimed at quantifying whether an increased LE is accompanied by an increase in the duration of life with dementia (DemLE) in Hong Kong SAR. Methods: Two parameters from a logistic model were used to fit the overall trend of the weighted prevalence of dementia. Abridged age- and sex-specific life tables and Sullivan's method were used to calculate dementia-free LE (DemFLE) for 1998 and 2013. Results: In 2013, among elderly individuals in Hong Kong aged 65 years, men had lived with dementia for 1.8 years and women for 3.6 years. These values are similar to those for subjects aged ≥85 years, while the proportion of DemLE was much greater at advanced ages. Elderly female individuals tend to experience a greater number of years with dementia than males. Conclusion: Our results indicate although LE has increased for all older age groups over time, the increase in DemFLE has not been greater than the gain in LE, suggesting an absolute expansion of the burden of dementia to the community between 1998 and 2013. The results suggest that more caregiving resources and manpower will be needed in the future as the population ages.

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Cognitive Impairment Among Elderly Adults in Shanghai, China

Cited by 124 publications

References 0 publications

Prevalence of Cognitive Impairment and Associated Factors among Elderly Hong Kong Chinese Aged 70 Years and Over

Prevalence of Cognitive Impairment and Associated Factors among Elderly Hong Kong Chinese Aged 70 Years and Over

The apolipoprotein E gene, attention, and brain function.

Decreased Proportion of Dementia-Free Life Expectancy in Hong Kong SAR

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