Cognitive Functioning and Health as Determinants of Mortality in an Older Population

Smits, Carolien; Deeg, Dorly J. H.; Kriegsman, Didi M. W.; Schmand, Ben

doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a010107

Cited by 130 publications

(93 citation statements)

References 32 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Low cognitive scores in childhood and early adulthood, usually on intelligence tests, have been shown to be associated with shortened survival Hart et al, 2005;Holsinger et al, 2007;Kuh et al, 2004;Martin and Kubzansky, 2005;Whalley and Deary, 2001). On the other hand, cognition in the elderly has also been shown to be associated with mortality (Bassuk et al, 2000;Bennett et al, 2002;Dewey and Saz, 2001;Eagles et al, 1990;Fried et al, 1998;Gale et al, 1996;Gussekloo et al, 1997;Hassing et al, 2002;Hunderfund et al, 2006;Kelman et al, 1994;Korten et al, 1999;Liu et al, 1990;Neale et al, 2001;Nguyen et al, 2003;Palmer et al, 2002;Shipley et al, 2006;Small et al, 2003;Small and Backman, 1997;Smits et al, 1999;Swan et al, 1995;Tuokko et al, 2003). Besides age, a major difference between these two strands of research is the conceptualisation of cognitive function.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does cognition predict mortality in midlife? Results from the Whitehall II cohort study

Sabia

Guéguen

Marmot

et al. 2010

Neurobiology of Aging

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The authors examined the association of 'g' (general intelligence) factor and 5 specific cognitive measures assessed in 1997-1999 with mortality till 2006 (mean follow-up of 8 years) in the middleaged Whitehall II cohort study. In age-and sex-adjusted analysis, a decrease in one standard-deviation in memory (Hazard Ratio (HR)=1.19, 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 1.02, 1.39) and in AH4-I (HR=1.16, 95%CI: 1.01, 1.35) was found to be associated with higher mortality. The association with 'g' factor, phonemic and semantic fluency did not reach significance at p<0.05. No association was found with vocabulary. Out of education, health behaviours and health measures, it was health behaviours that explained the greater part of the association between cognition and mortality, ranging from 21% for memory to 70% for semantic fluency. All the covariates taken together explained only 26% of the association with memory and between 33-90% for the other cognitive measures. This study suggests that 'g' type composite measure of cognition might not be enough to understand the associations between cognition and health.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does cognition predict mortality in midlife? Results from the Whitehall II cohort study

Sabia

Guéguen

Marmot

et al. 2010

Neurobiology of Aging

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Changes in cognition, depression, and fitness have marked mortality implications in this group [22,[32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The UCSD Statin Study: a randomized controlled trial assessing the impact of statins on selected noncardiac outcomes

Golomb

Criqui

White

et al. 2004

Controlled Clinical Trials

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

There has been persistent controversy regarding possible favorable or adverse effects of statins or of cholesterol reduction on cognition, mood and behavior (including aggressive or violent behavior), muscle function, and quality of life. The UCSD Statin Study seeks to ascertain the beneficial or adverse effects of statin cholesterol-lowering drugs on a set of noncardiac endpoints, including cognition, behavior, and serotonin biochemistry. The study will enroll 1000 subjects (minimum 20% female) of mixed ethnicity from San Diego. Subjects must be age 20 and older, postmenopausal if female, without known cardiovascular disease or diabetes, and with LDLcholesterol between 115 and 190 mg/dl. Subjects will be randomized to a double-blind, placebocontrolled trial with assignment 1/3, 1/3, 1/3 to placebo, simvastatin 20 mg, or pravastatin 40 mg (equipotent LDL-cholesterol-lowering doses for drug arms with simvastatin and pravastatin chosen to represent the extremes of the lipophilicity spectrum) for 6 months of treatment followed by 2 months postcessation follow-up. Primary outcomes are cognition (cognitive battery), irritability/aggression (behavior measure), and serotonin (gauged by whole blood serotonin), assessed as the difference between baseline and 6 months, judging combined statin groups vs. placebo. Secondary outcomes include mood (CES-D and Wakefield depression inventory), quality of life (SF-12V), sleep (Leeds sleep scale, modified), and secondary aggression measures (Conflict Tactics Scale; Overt Aggression Scale, Modified). Cardiovascular reactivity will be examined in a 10% subset. As additional secondary endpoints, primary and selected secondary outcomes will be assessed by statin assignment (lipophilic simvastatin vs. hydrophilic pravastatin). "Reversibility" of changes, if any, at 2 months postcessation will be determined. If effects (favorable or unfavorable) are identified, we will seek to ascertain whether there are baseline variables that predict who will be most susceptible to these favorable or adverse noncardiac effects (i.e., effect modification). NIH Public Access BackgroundStatins are important and widely prescribed drugs, with well-documented and incontrovertible cardiac benefits. However, controversy remains regarding the existence and impact of noncardiac effects, including central nervous system (CNS) effects. The University of California-San Diego (UCSD) Statin Study, a National Institutes of Health/ National Heart Lung and Blood Institute-funded double-blind, placebo-controlled study, seeks to address these issues through a complex battery of tests assessing noncardiac outcomes pertaining to cognition, behavior, quality of life, and biochemistry, among other endpoints. This paper provides the general methodology employed and addresses certain theoretical issues in study design.Statin cholesterol-lowering drugs (HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors) are the most prescribed drugs in the United States and the world and contributed substantially to prescription drug cost increases in 200...

show abstract

“…Studies indicate that there is a strong and complex relationship between somatic diseases, mental disorders and older age, which makes geriatric medicine more laborious and more expensive than conventional one [12], [9]. It is emphasized that mental health is crucial because of the importance of functional independence and a decent quality of life in elderly patients [13], [10].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quality of life and compliance in geriatric patients

Kalugin

2017

PMGP

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background. Older adults often have several comorbid deseases. In most cases, each condition requires constant pharmacotherapy. On average, the clinical examination of patients aged 60 and older reveals at least four or ive different chronic pathological states in various phases and stages. Disease interference changes the classical clinical picture, increases the number of complications and their severity, affects the quality of life and prognosis, as a result -complicated medical diagnostic process and reduced compliance. The presence in the elderly both mental and physical illness signi icantly affects the quality of life. Psychological interventions aimed at a patient's awareness of the disease and methods of its treatment, the creation of therapeutic alliance and the prevention of self-medication, according to our hypothesis, contributes to compliance and quality of life improvement in polymorbid elderly patients suffering from mental disorders.

show abstract

Cognitive Functioning and Health as Determinants of Mortality in an Older Population

Cited by 130 publications

References 32 publications

Does cognition predict mortality in midlife? Results from the Whitehall II cohort study

Does cognition predict mortality in midlife? Results from the Whitehall II cohort study

The UCSD Statin Study: a randomized controlled trial assessing the impact of statins on selected noncardiac outcomes

Quality of life and compliance in geriatric patients

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About