Cognitive Enhancement in Humans

Dresler, Martin; Repantis, Dimitris

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-417042-1.00011-5

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 267 publications

(222 reference statements)

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“…We have reviewed elsewhere the efficacy of a number of nonpharmacological enhancers. 2 , 3 To systematize the vast variety of different approaches of cognitive enhancement, we suggest clustering enhancement strategies into three major areas according to their main mode of action. Even though boundaries are not strict, most cognitive enhancement strategies can be considered to work as either biochemical, physical, or behavioral interventions ( Figure 2 ).…”

Section: Mode Of Actionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While the current bioethical debate on cognitive enhancement is strongly focused on pharmacological ways of enhancement, improving mental capabilities also by nonpharmacological means has to be considered as cognitive enhancement proper according to the given characterization. We have reviewed elsewhere the efficacy of a number of nonpharmacological enhancers. , To systematize the vast variety of different approaches of cognitive enhancement, we suggest clustering enhancement strategies into three major areas according to their main mode of action. Even though boundaries are not strict, most cognitive enhancement strategies can be considered to work as either biochemical, physical, or behavioral interventions (Figure ).…”

Section: Mode Of Actionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Caffeine enhances working memory particularly in extraverted individuals, and memory enhancement through sleep or mnemonic training has been reported to depend on the age of subjects. Health status affects how much users benefit from different kinds of cognitive enhancers, including pharmaceuticals, mnemonics, or sleep. − Finally, also socioenvironmental factors such as social resources, parental occupation, or family composition can modulate cognitive enhancement interventions, e.g., with cognitive training programs …”

Section: Personal Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Hacking the Brain: Dimensions of Cognitive Enhancement

Dresler¹,

Sandberg

Bublitz

et al. 2018

ACS Chem. Neurosci.

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In an increasingly complex information society, demands for cognitive functioning are growing steadily. In recent years, numerous strategies to augment brain function have been proposed. Evidence for their efficacy (or lack thereof) and side effects has prompted discussions about ethical, societal, and medical implications. In the public debate, cognitive enhancement is often seen as a monolithic phenomenon. On a closer look, however, cognitive enhancement turns out to be a multifaceted concept: There is not one cognitive enhancer that augments brain function per se, but a great variety of interventions that can be clustered into biochemical, physical, and behavioral enhancement strategies. These cognitive enhancers differ in their mode of action, the cognitive domain they target, the time scale they work on, their availability and side effects, and how they differentially affect different groups of subjects. Here we disentangle the dimensions of cognitive enhancement, review prominent examples of cognitive enhancers that differ across these dimensions, and thereby provide a framework for both theoretical discussions and empirical research.

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Section: Mode Of Actionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mode Of Actionmentioning

confidence: 99%