Cognitive effort during a short-term memory (STM) task in individuals with aphasia

Kim, Esther; Suleman, Salima; Hopper, Tammy

doi:10.1016/j.jneuroling.2017.12.007

Cited by 9 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Still, future studies should use a battery of VSTM tests 40 or additional performance metrics. 55–57 Additionally, while the digit span task used here places minimal demands on attentional mechanisms, future studies should directly evaluate the attention abilities of the patients. We note though that a recent study has shown that while patients with aphasia do exhibit attention impairments, performance on attention tasks did not correlate with performance on the forward digit span task.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lesions that do or do not impair digit span: a study of 816 stroke survivors

Geva

Truneh

Seghier

et al. 2021

Brain Communications

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Prior studies have reported inconsistency in the lesion sites associated with verbal short-term memory impairments. Here we asked: How many different lesion sites can account for selective impairments in verbal short-term memory that persist over time, and how consistently do these lesion sites impair verbal short-term memory? We assessed verbal short-term memory impairments using a forward digit span task from the Comprehensive Aphasia Test. First, we identified the incidence of digit span impairments in a sample of 816 stroke survivors (541 males/275 females; age at stroke onset 56 ± 13 years; time post stroke 4.4 ± 5.2 years). Second, we studied the lesion sites in a subgroup of these patients (n = 39) with left hemisphere damage and selective digit span impairment—defined as impaired digit span with unimpaired spoken picture naming and spoken word comprehension (tests of speech production and speech perception, respectively). Third, we examined how often these lesion sites were observed in patients who either had no digit span impairments or digit span impairments that co-occurred with difficulties in speech perception and/or production tasks. Digit span impairments were observed in 222/816 patients. Almost all (199/222 = 90%) had left hemisphere damage to five small regions in basal ganglia and/or temporo-parietal areas. Even complete damage to one or more of these five regions was not consistently associated with persistent digit span impairment. However, when the same regions were spared, only 5% (23/455) presented with digit span impairments. These data suggests that verbal short-term memory impairments are most consistently associated with damage to left temporo-parietal and basal ganglia structures. Sparing of these regions very rarely results in persistently poor verbal short-term memory. These findings have clinical implications for predicting recovery of verbal short-term memory after stroke.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lesions that do or do not impair digit span: a study of 816 stroke survivors

Geva

Truneh

Seghier

et al. 2021

Brain Communications

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Besides eye movements, pupillometry and task-evoked pupillary responses have been used increasingly over the last decade to study linguistic processing (Chapman & Hallowell, 2015) and cognitive effort (Kim et al, 2018) in PWA. For example, examining pupil size changes can reveal the number of items stored in short-term memory (Johnson et al, 2014), and there is mounting evidence that pupillary responses are valid indicators of task differences in cognitive effort (see overview in Chapman & Hallowell, 2015).…”

Section: Future Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eye Tracking Measures for Studying Language Comprehension Deficits in Aphasia: A Systematic Search and Scoping Review

Sharma

Kim

Harris

et al. 2021

J Speech Lang Hear Res

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Aim The aim of this scoping review is to identify the eye tracking paradigms and eye movement measures used to investigate auditory and reading comprehension deficits in persons with aphasia (PWA). Method MEDLINE via PubMed, Cochrane, CINAHL, Embase, PsycINFO, OTseeker, Scopus, Google Scholar, Grey Literature Database, and ProQuest Search (Dissertations & Theses) were searched for relevant studies. The Covidence software was used to manage the initial and full-text screening process for the search. Results and Discussion From a total of 1,803 studies, 68 studies were included for full-text screening. In addition, 418 records from gray literature were also screened. After full-text screening, 16 studies were included for this review—12 studies for auditory comprehension in PWA and four studies for reading comprehension in PWA. The review highlights the use of common eye tracking paradigms used to study language comprehension in PWA. We also discusse eye movement measures and how they help in assessing auditory and reading comprehension. Methodological challenges of using eye tracking are discussed. Conclusion The studies summarized in this scoping review provide evidence that the eye tracking methods are beneficial for studying auditory and reading comprehension in PWA.

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The role of cognitive control and naming in aphasia

Kiss,

Csépe

2024

BIOLOGIA FUTURA

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The classical aphasia literature has placed considerable emphasis on the language-centered understanding of aphasia and failed to consider the role of executive functions (EFs) regarding different aspects of patients’ performance. Many current studies suggest deficits in EFs in individuals with aphasia, however, the available data is still limited. Here, our aim was to investigate the impairment of EFs and its potential negative effects on naming (slower performance, increased reaction time and/or decreased accuracy). We sought to determine whether the poor performance observed in word fluency task correlated with similar outcomes in naming. Our study involved five Hungarian post stroke aphasic patients (2 males and 3 females) between the ages of 60 and 70, as well as a control group matched for age and gender. The participants were diagnosed with different types of aphasia (global, Wernicke’s, anomic and conduction). This study employed various neuropsychological and linguistic batteries. By comparing the patients’ performance to that of the control group, we aimed to investigate the impacts of stroke. Within the aphasia group, we observed difficulties in following complex commands and a connection between general slowness and reduced accuracy in naming. We concluded that impairment of executive functions may have a negative impact on naming, comprehension, and fluency. Therefore, it is important to consider functional variations in neural networks, and to base our interpretations on the available psychophysiological data in literature. Our findings provide an alternative perspective to the traditional assessment of aphasia and highlight the importance of considering the role of executive functions.

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Cognitive effort during a short-term memory (STM) task in individuals with aphasia

Cited by 9 publications

References 40 publications

Lesions that do or do not impair digit span: a study of 816 stroke survivors

Lesions that do or do not impair digit span: a study of 816 stroke survivors

Eye Tracking Measures for Studying Language Comprehension Deficits in Aphasia: A Systematic Search and Scoping Review

The role of cognitive control and naming in aphasia

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