Cognitive effects of MBSR/MBCT: A systematic review of neuropsychological outcomes

Lao, So-An; Kissane, David W.; Meadows, Graham

doi:10.1016/j.concog.2016.08.017

Cited by 146 publications

(135 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…Research indicates that MBCT may attenuate these symptoms. MBCT has been shown to reduce overgeneral autobiographical memory (55, 69, 70), improve attention deployment and maintenance during sad mood (71) and reduce attentional-bias towards negative emotional stimuli (72), although such attentional improvements are not ubiquitous (42, 48, 73). MBCT has additionally been shown to augment suppression of currently-irrelevant mental sets (74) and promote both cognitive flexibility and overall cognitive functioning (75), benefits which correlate with a reduction in depressive symptomology.…”

Section: Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…MBCT has additionally been shown to augment suppression of currently-irrelevant mental sets (74) and promote both cognitive flexibility and overall cognitive functioning (75), benefits which correlate with a reduction in depressive symptomology. Studies examining other MBIs with healthy participants similarly indicated improvements in cognitive abilities such as working memory (76–77), cognitive flexibility (78–79) and inhibition (80), with very limited evidence regarding attentional improvements (see (73) for a review). Although the specific impact of these cognitive improvements is yet to be established, such cognitive faculties are important factors in facilitating the disengagement from negating thinking patterns associated with depression and may be vital in addressing the cognitive deficits associated with numerous clinical conditions.…”

Section: Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mindfulness-Based Interventions in Psychiatry

Shapero

Greenberg

Pedrelli

et al. 2018

FOC

101

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Mindfulness meditation has a longstanding history in eastern practices that has received considerable public interest in recent decades. Indeed, the science, practice, and implementation of Mindfulness Based Interventions (MBIs) have dramatically increased in recent years. At its base, mindfulness is a natural human state in which an individual experiences and attends to the present moment. Interventions have been developed to train individuals how to incorporate this practice into daily life. The current article will discuss the concept of mindfulness and describe its implementation in the treatment of psychiatric disorders. We further identify for whom MBIs have been shown to be efficacious and provide an up-to-date summary of how these interventions work. This includes research support for the cognitive, psychological, and neural mechanisms that lead to psychiatric improvements. This review provides a basis for incorporating these interventions into treatment.

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Section: Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mindfulness-Based Interventions in Psychiatry

Shapero

Greenberg

Pedrelli

et al. 2018

FOC

101

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…However, a recent neuropsychological review points into the direction of flexibility of cognition (Lao et al 2016). Since emotion regulation requires continuous attention, the improvement of attentional abilities has been suggested to play a role in the reported positive changes in the emotional domain (e.g.…”

Section: Mindfulness Meditation Cognitive Flexibility and Mental Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Meditation, Cognitive Flexibility and Well-Being

Hartkamp

Thornton

2017

J Cogn Enhanc

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A number of previous studies have suggested that mindfulness meditation can enhance cognitive performance. Although both western empirical findings and Buddhist psychological theory have emphasised a role for cognitive flexibility in the development and maintenance of mental health, few studies have specifically focused on flexibility in relation to mindfulness. The present study used a range of objective, behavioural measures to assess cognitive flexibility in 41 individuals before and after a 6-day intensive Vipassana (mindfulness) retreat. Subjective assessments of mindfulness, positive functioning and well-being were also taken. A comparably sized control group of students and government employees was given the same pre-and post-test measures. In contrast to our expectations and to previous reports, there were no significant changes in cognitive performance, over and above practice-related improvements also shown by the control group. Retreat participants did, however, register positive improvements on the subjective measures. We discuss possible limitations with our experimental design and highlight important issues that may assist future studies aiming to assess effects of mindfulness in the cognitive domain.

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“…Mindfulness‐based practice is a form of mental training which involves focusing on and experiencing the present moment in an intentional and non‐judgment way . A growing body of research suggests that mindfulness‐based practices are associated with cognitive benefits, such as improving attention, working memory and executive function . Mindfulness practice has been investigated in clinical conditions like depression, anxiety and pain, but few clinical trials have examined its effects on deteriorating cognition.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mindfulness practice alters brain connectivity in community‐living elders with mild cognitive impairment

Fam

Sun

et al. 2020

Psychiatry Clin Neurosci

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Aim There is increasing evidence that mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is associated with widespread brain dysconnectivity. Mindfulness practice, which involves focused attention to experience the present moment in a purposeful way, has been shown to confer positive psychological and functional brain changes in healthy practitioners. It is unclear whether mindfulness practice could improve functional brain connectivity in older adults with cognitive impairment. Methods Forty‐seven participants with MCI were randomized into two groups: a mindfulness practice group and a control group. Functional magnetic resonance imaging of the brain and neurocognitive tests were performed before and after the 3‐month intervention. A temporal efficiency analysis approach was used to examine the spatiotemporal networks of the brain. Results Participants in the mindfulness group had significantly better temporal global efficiency than controls after 3‐months of intervention. Localized changes of temporal nodal properties were present in the right cingulate gyrus, insula, and left superior temporal gyrus. Together, these results suggest greater information transmission efficiency at both the global and local spatiotemporal level. In terms of cognitive function, verbal recognition memory improved in the mindfulness group compared to the controls. Conclusion Elders who practiced mindfulness had better brain network efficiency and neurocognitive function relative to controls in this study, suggesting that mindfulness may be of benefit to aging adults with early cognitive degeneration.

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Cognitive effects of MBSR/MBCT: A systematic review of neuropsychological outcomes

Cited by 146 publications

References 61 publications

Mindfulness-Based Interventions in Psychiatry

Mindfulness-Based Interventions in Psychiatry

Meditation, Cognitive Flexibility and Well-Being

Mindfulness practice alters brain connectivity in community‐living elders with mild cognitive impairment

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