Cognitive deficits in multiple sclerosis: correlations with T2 changes in normal appearing brain tissue

Lund, Henrik Hautop; Jønsson, A.; Andresen, Jente; Rostrup, Egill; Paulson, Olaf B.; Sørensen, P. S.

doi:10.1111/j.1600-0404.2011.01574.x

Cited by 21 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 37 publications

(56 reference statements)

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“…Similar associations were less evident in other brain structures or for taste intensity ratings. Although the correlation coefficients are moderate, they are similar in magnitude to those reported by others between MS-lesions and cognitive measures [44, 45]. Like some other studies (e.g., [46]), we found lesion volumes to be more strongly correlated with the dependent measures than lesion numbers, conceivably reflecting the fact that lesions can vary in size, with some spanning larger sectors of neural tissue than others [47].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Taste dysfunction in multiple sclerosis

et al. 2016

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Empirical studies of taste function in multiple sclerosis (MS) are rare. Moreover, a detailed assessment of whether quantitative measures of taste function correlate with the punctate and patchy myelin-related lesions found throughout the CNS of MS patients has not been made. We administered a 96-trial test of sweet (sucrose), sour (citric acid), bitter (caffeine) and salty (NaCl) taste perception to the left and right anterior (CN VII) and posterior (CN IX) tongue regions of 73 MS patients and 73 matched controls. The number and volume of lesions were assessed using quantitative MRI in 52 brain regions of 63 of the MS patients. Taste identification scores were significantly lower in the MS patients for sucrose (p=.0002), citric acid (p=.0001), caffeine (p=.0372) and NaCl (p=.0004) and were present in both anterior and posterior tongue regions. The percent of MS patients with identification scores falling below the 5th percentile of controls was 15.07% for caffeine, 21.9% for citric acid, 24.66% for sucrose, and 31.50% for NaCl. Such scores were inversely correlated with lesion volumes in the temporal, medial frontal, and superior frontal lobes, and with the number of lesions in the left and right superior frontal lobes, right anterior cingulate gyrus, and left parietal operculum. Regardless of the subject group, women outperformed men on the taste measures. These findings indicate that a sizable number of MS patients exhibit taste deficits that are associated with MS-related lesions throughout the brain.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Taste dysfunction in multiple sclerosis

et al. 2016

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“…Earlier studies have reported strong correlations between cognitive MS symptoms and both white matter lesions, and loss of gray matter tissue (32). A recent study (33) suggested that even in the normal appearing brain tissue, changes likely to be associated with cognitive impairment in MS can be detected. MRI metrics would have provided valuable information about potential neurological bases for symptoms and would have been useful for validating findings from the EDSS.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Predictors of executive complaints and executive deficits in multiple sclerosis

Hanssen

Beiske²,

Landrø

et al. 2013

Acta Neurol Scand

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“…Together, these reports give evidence of pathological changes within the NAWM at structural as well as at functional levels. Further, the clinical relevance of these NAWM changes is emphasized by their correlations with neuropsychological measures [18], [26].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The structural changes in NAWM have been shown to correlate with clinical disability [9], [18], [19], [20]. This converging evidence suggests that pathological processes within the NAWM are contributing to the clinical disability, yet it is unclear to what extent the BBB is disrupted in NAWM and whether such disruption has impact on the functional impairment of MS patients.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blood-Brain Barrier Permeability of Normal Appearing White Matter in Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis

et al. 2013

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BackgroundMultiple sclerosis (MS) affects the integrity of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Contrast-enhanced T1 weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is widely used to characterize location and extent of BBB disruptions in focal MS lesions. We employed quantitative T1 measurements before and after the intravenous injection of a paramagnetic contrast agent to assess BBB permeability in the normal appearing white matter (NAWM) in patients with relapsing-remitting MS (RR-MS).Methodology/Principal FindingsFifty-nine patients (38 females) with RR-MS undergoing immunomodulatory treatment and nine healthy controls (4 females) underwent quantitative T1 measurements at 3 tesla before and after injection of a paramagnetic contrast agent (0.2 mmol/kg Gd-DTPA). Mean T1 values were calculated for NAWM in patients and total cerebral white matter in healthy subjects for the T1 measurements before and after injection of Gd-DTPA. The pre-injection baseline T1 of NAWM (945±55 [SD] ms) was prolonged in RR-MS relative to healthy controls (903±23 ms, p = 0.028). Gd-DTPA injection shortened T1 to a similar extent in both groups. Mean T1 of NAWM was 866±47 ms in the NAWM of RR-MS patients and 824±13 ms in the white matter of healthy controls. The regional variability of T1 values expressed as the coefficient of variation (CV) was comparable between the two groups at baseline, but not after injection of the contrast agent. After intravenous Gd-DTPA injection, T1 values in NAWM were more variable in RR-MS patients (CV = 0.198±0.046) compared to cerebral white matter of healthy controls (CV = 0.166±0.018, p = 0.046).Conclusions/SignificanceWe found no evidence of a global BBB disruption within the NAWM of RR-MS patients undergoing immunomodulatory treatment. However, the increased variation of T1 values in NAWM after intravenous Gd-DTPA injection points to an increased regional inhomogeneity of BBB function in NAWM in relapsing-remitting MS.

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Cognitive deficits in multiple sclerosis: correlations with T2 changes in normal appearing brain tissue

Abstract: Our results suggest that even in the NABT MR detects changes likely to be associated with an underlying pathology and possibly contributes to the cognitive impairment in MS.

Cited by 21 publications

References 37 publications

Taste dysfunction in multiple sclerosis

Taste dysfunction in multiple sclerosis

Predictors of executive complaints and executive deficits in multiple sclerosis

Blood-Brain Barrier Permeability of Normal Appearing White Matter in Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis

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