Cognitive decline in older adults in the UK during and after the COVID-19 pandemic: a longitudinal analysis of PROTECT study data

Effect of COVID‐19 on physical function decline predictors in nursing home residents

“…3 Thus, the findings during the pandemic could be attributed to the overestimation of the physical function decline predictors. For example, among long-term nursing home residents during the pandemic, the prevalence of worsening cognitive function was observed, 4 assuming that the outbreak was in some way related to "Waking at midnight," as sleep disturbances are strongly associated with the abnormal daytime behavior of patients with dementia. 1 Furthermore, a higher prevalence of depression symptoms among nursing home residents with Alzheimer's disease and related dementias was observed during the COVID-19 pandemic than previously.…”

“…In the Framingham Offspring Cohort, a lower cardiac index was associated with decreased cerebral blood flow (CBF), decreased total brain matter volume, and was a significant predictor of AD. 4 While lower cardiac output has not been associated with neurodegeneration in mild cognitive impairment (MCI), 4 it might be more closely related to target brain damage in the specific type of MCI that is thought to lead to AD. Post-cardiac transplantation, CBF has shown to be increased by more than 50% within 1 month after transplantation.…”

Coronavirus disease 2019 and its impact on the cognition of older adults: Unraveling the role of inflammation

“…Older individuals, along with other age groups, are particularly susceptible to adverse outcomes following COVID-19 infection. Research has shown that advanced age is a significant risk factor for severe COVID-19 outcomes [ 20 ] and studies have emphasized the potential for cognitive decline in older adults [ 22 , 23 ]. While studies have highlighted the impact of inflammation on cognitive function in older adults [ 24 ], few studies have investigated the link between cognitive function and inflammation in elderly individuals who have recovered from COVID-19 [ 25 ].…”

Brain abnormalities in survivors of COVID-19 after 2-year recovery: a functional MRI study

“…Investigations of the long-term impact of COVID-19 infection on cognitive function reveal that deficits can be seen in the global cognition and certain domains of cognition. 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 A multicenter cross-sectional study demonstrated that patients with post-COVID-19 conditions (PCC) have pronounced cognitive slowing. 12 A large observational study in England found that people with COVID-19 symptoms had greater deficits in global cognition than those never infected, and additionally, larger cognitive deficits were observed in participants infected with the original virus or the α variants and in those who had been hospitalized.…”