Cognitive decline in metabolic syndrome is linked to microstructural white matter abnormalities

Alfaro, Freddy J.; Lioutas, Vasileios; Pimentel, Daniela; Chung, Chi-Li; Bedoya, Francisco J.; Yoo, Woo‐Kyoung; Novak, Vera

doi:10.1007/s00415-016-8292-z

Cited by 22 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…Changes in FA of the corpus callosum in the frontal lobe were associated with cognitive impairment and more specifically with reduced processing speed [44]. Furthermore, lower FA and higher RD values in angular gyri and higher AD values in the left post-central gyrus in patients with MetS were associated with worse verbal learning and memory performance [45]. The negative effect of MetS on WM microstructure was present in adolescents with MetS as well, who presented with reduced FA in the corpus callosum, optic radiations, and medial longitudinal fasciculi compared to controls [40].…”

Section: Metabolic Syndromementioning

confidence: 99%

“…serum HDL cholesterol, triglycerides, BMI, and diastolic BP were independent factors of microstructural brain tissue integrity [73]. Alfaro et al, has shown that hyperglycemia was the component mediating the WM abnormalities in patients with MetS [45]. However, other studies have examined some of the MetS components without analyzing or considering the additive/synergistic effects of other componenents (e.g.…”

Section: Metabolic Syndromementioning

confidence: 99%

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White matter microstructure and cognitive decline in metabolic syndrome: a review of diffusion tensor imaging

Alfaro¹,

Gavrieli²,

Saade-Lemus³

et al. 2018

Metabolism

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Metabolic syndrome is a cluster of cardiovascular risk factors defined by the presence of abdominal obesity, glucose intolerance, hypertension and/or dyslipidemia. It is a major public health epidemic worldwide, and a known risk factor for the development of cognitive dysfunction and dementia. Several studies have demonstrated a positive association between the presence of metabolic syndrome and worse cognitive outcomes, however, evidence of brain structure pathology is limited. Diffusion tensor imaging has offered new opportunities to detect microstructural white matter changes in metabolic syndrome, and a possibility to detect associations between functional and structural abnormalities. This review analyzes the impact of metabolic syndrome on white matter microstructural integrity, brain structure abnormalities and their relationship to cognitive function. Each of the metabolic syndrome components exerts a specific signature of white matter microstructural abnormalities. Metabolic syndrome and its components exert both additive/synergistic, as well as, independent effects on brain microstructure thus accelerating brain aging and cognitive decline.

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Section: Metabolic Syndromementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Metabolic Syndromementioning

confidence: 99%

White matter microstructure and cognitive decline in metabolic syndrome: a review of diffusion tensor imaging

Alfaro¹,

Gavrieli²,

Saade-Lemus³

et al. 2018

Metabolism

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“…Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of metabolic risk factors, such as central obesity, dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia and dyslipidemia [96], with a prevalence of 34% in patients with COPD [96]. MetS is strongly related to the risk of developing type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease [96] and has also been shown to have a deleterious influence on cognition [102,103]. However, some research also suggests that certain components of MetS have a larger effect than others [104,105].…”

Section: Comorbiditiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive impairment in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: disease burden, determinants and possible future interventions

Beers

Janssen

Gosker

et al. 2018

Expert Review of Respiratory Medicine

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Introduction: Cognitive impairment (CI) is an important but an under-recognized extra-pulmonary feature of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). It is related to the burden of disability, worse health outcomes, and impaired self-management. Areas covered: CI includes deterioration of a wide range of cognitive functions, such as memory and various executive functions. Risk of hospitalization might be higher in patients with COPD compared to those without, with CI negatively impacting the wellbeing of patients with COPD. Disease-specific factors such as hypoxemia and inflammation, lifestyle factors such as dietary insufficiencies and lack of physical activity, and comorbidities such as obstructive sleep apnea and depression are likely to synergistically contribute to the development of CI in COPD. Tailored interventions can possibly improve CI in COPD, but this needs further investigation. Expert commentary: Further research is warranted involving the optimization of neuropsychological testing for screening and outcome assessment, longitudinal studies to investigate the development of CI in COPD over time, and randomized clinical trials to test the feasibility and efficacy of promising interventions.

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“…MetS is associated with impaired microstructural integrity of white brain mass in the parahippocampal gyrus and the hippocampus. In addition, MetS may lead to reduced hippocampal volume and increased cerebrospinal fluid volume (Yau et al, 2012;Alfaro et al, 2016). In rats, changes in hippocampal neuronal plasticity were also confirmed as related to MetS (Treviño et al, 2017).…”

mentioning

confidence: 85%

Effect of high-fat-fructose diet on synaptic plasticity in hippocampus and lipid profile of blood serum of rat: pharmacological possibilities of affecting risk factors

Michalikova

Kaprinay

Lipták

et al. 2018

European Pharmaceutical Journal

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The aim of this study was to determine pharmacological possibilities of influencing the risk factors of metabolic syndrome (MetS). Hypertriacylglycerolemic (HTG) rats fed with high-fat-fructose diet (HFFD) were used as a model of the MetS. Wistar rats fed with standard diet were used as negative control group. HTG rats fed with HFFD for 8 weeks were used as positive control group. The effects of atorvastatin and SMe1EC2 were tested. The compounds were administered to the HTG rats after 5 weeks of HFFD, once a day for 3 weeks. After 8 weeks, the blood serum lipid profile and electrophysiology of neurotransmission in hippocampal sections were evaluated in vitro. SMe1EC2 and atorvastatin had a significant effect on total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-cholesterol) and atorvastatin had a significant effect on triacylglycerols (TGs). SMe1EC2 improved the long-term potentiation (LTP) course in the hippocampus.

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Cognitive decline in metabolic syndrome is linked to microstructural white matter abnormalities

Cited by 22 publications

References 55 publications

White matter microstructure and cognitive decline in metabolic syndrome: a review of diffusion tensor imaging

White matter microstructure and cognitive decline in metabolic syndrome: a review of diffusion tensor imaging

Cognitive impairment in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: disease burden, determinants and possible future interventions

Effect of high-fat-fructose diet on synaptic plasticity in hippocampus and lipid profile of blood serum of rat: pharmacological possibilities of affecting risk factors

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