Cognitive control and socially desirable behavior: The role of interpersonal impact

Pitesa, Marko; Thau, Stefan; Pillutla, Madan M.

doi:10.1016/j.obhdp.2013.08.003

Cited by 36 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…Gino, Schweitzer, Mead and Ariely (2011) replicated the result that ego-depletion increases dishonesty in a matrix task and, additionally, they showed that resisting temptations to behave unethically both required and depleted selfcontrol resources. Pitesa, Thau and Pillutla (2013) found that impairing cognitive control increased cheating in a situation in which participants have to pay themselves according to the performance in a Raven matrix task, but only when the negative consequences of cheating on other people are not made salient. If these consequences were made salient, then the effect even reversed: impairing cognitive control increased honesty.…”

Section: Review Of the Empirical Evidencementioning

confidence: 96%

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The Dual-Process Approach to Human Sociality: A Review

Capraro¹

2019

SSRN Journal

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Which social decisions are intuitive? Which are deliberative? The dual-process approach to human sociality has emerged in the last decades as a vibrant and exciting area of research. Here, I review the existing literature on the cognitive basis of cooperation, altruism, honesty, equity-efficiency, positive and negative reciprocity, and moral judgments. For each of these domains, I list a number of open problems that I believe to be crucial to further advance our understanding of human social cognition. I conclude by making an attempt to introduce a game-theoretical framework to organize the existing empirical evidence. This framework seems promising, as it turns out to make predictions that are generally in line with the experimental data in all but one domain: positive reciprocity. I tried to keep the review selfcontained, exhaustive, and research-oriented. My hope is that it can contribute to bring further attention to this fascinating area of research.

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Section: Review Of the Empirical Evidencementioning

confidence: 96%

“…Of course, this is not the only task that fits this purpose. For example, Muraven, Pogarsky and Shmueli (2006) used logic puzzles that were modified in such a way to be unsolvable; Zhong (2011) used maths problems; Pitesa, Thau and Pillutla (2013) used performance in the Raven matrix test.…”

Section: Cheating Tasks (Lying Harms "Abstract" Others)mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Dual-Process Approach to Human Sociality: A Review

Capraro¹

2019

SSRN Journal

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show abstract

“…Gino, Schweitzer, Mead and Ariely (2011) replicated the result that ego-depletion increases dishonesty in a matrix task and, additionally, they showed that resisting temptations to behave unethically both required and depleted self-control resources. Pitesa, Thau and Pillutla (2013) found that impairing cognitive control increases cheating in a situation in which participants have to pay themselves according to the performance in a Raven matrix task, but only when the negative consequences of cheating on other people are not made salient. If these consequences were made salient, then the effect even reverses: impairing cognitive control increases honesty.…”

Section: Review Of the Empirical Literaturementioning

confidence: 97%

The dual-process approach to human sociality: Meta-analytic evidence for a theory of internalized heuristics for self-preservation

Capraro¹

2019

Preprint

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Which social decisions are intuitive? Which are deliberative? The dual-process approach to human sociality has emerged in the last decades as a vibrant and exciting area of research. Here, I review the existing literature on the cognitive basis of cooperation, altruism, honesty, positive and negative reciprocity, and (act) utilitarianism. I conclude by introducing a game-theoretical framework that organizes the majority of the empirical regularities. This framework extends Rand and colleagues’ Social Heuristics Hypothesis to any one-shot game G. The core assumption of this “General Social Heuristics Hypothesis” is that, under intuition, people play a Nash equilibrium of the “real analogue of G”, G^real, while under deliberation people play a Nash equilibrium of G. G^real differs from G along two dimensions: G is one-shot, while G^real might be iterated; the payoffs of G^real might be different from the payoffs of G, although they are ordered in (almost) the same way.

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“…20 Another potential explanation for why a Passive avatar induces more cheating relative to No avatar is that the avatar distracts the participants. Some studies suggest that depletion of attention may lead to more cheating, as overcoming the impulse to cheat requires attention, and self-control (Mead et al 2009;Gino et al 2009;Pitesa et al 2013). The effect is highly contested though (Greene et al 2004;Capraro 2017;Lohse et al 2018;Wibral et al 2012;Suchotzki et al 2017).…”

Section: Concluding Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

(Not) alone in the world: Cheating in the presence of a virtual observer

2020

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We conducted an experiment in a high-immersive virtual reality environment to study the effect of the presence of a virtual observer on cheating behavior. Participants were placed in a virtual room and played 30 rounds of a cheating game without a chance of their cheating being detected. We varied whether or not a virtual observer (an avatar) was present in the room, and, if so, whether the avatar was actively staring at the decision maker or passively seated in a corner watching his smartphone. Results display significantly less cheating with an active than with a passive avatar, but not less cheating than in a control condition without an avatar. This suggests that an active (virtual) observer can intensify reputational concerns, but that the presence of someone passive and uninterested may actually alleviate such concerns.

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Cognitive control and socially desirable behavior: The role of interpersonal impact

Cited by 36 publications

References 66 publications

The Dual-Process Approach to Human Sociality: A Review

The Dual-Process Approach to Human Sociality: A Review

The dual-process approach to human sociality: Meta-analytic evidence for a theory of internalized heuristics for self-preservation

(Not) alone in the world: Cheating in the presence of a virtual observer

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