Cognitive assessment of very low birth weight infants using the Dutch version of the PARCA-R parent questionnaire

Performance of the German version of the PARCA-R questionnaire as a developmental screening tool in two-year-old very preterm infants

“…The study findings support the use of this German version of the PARCA-R (freely available from www.parca-r.info ) in the clinical setting and are in agreement with those of previous studies [ 8 , 9 , 11 , 12 , 32 ], showing that parent reports on the offspring’s developmental performances (including the already available validated PARCA-r versions [ 14 , 17 – 20 , 22 , 23 ]) can be considered as a useful screening tool that provides valid and reliable information. By means of the present instrument, infants who have undergone positive screening for moderate to severe mental retardation are identified as being at high developmental risk and should be referred to the follow-up referral centre for a thorough investigation using a clinical examination and a development test.…”

“…The slightly lower age of the study infant at follow-up in comparison with the UK validation might be partially responsible for the difference in the calculated predictive values. As previously described in other validation studies of the existing English [17,18,20], Dutch [22] and Italian [23] versions, all subscales and composite scores of the present study correlated moderately with the BSID-II MDI scores with the exception of the non-verbal cognition subscale, which correlated weakly with the MDI. This might be caused by a lack of linearity in the relation between the two types of values, especially in the low range, and by the low variation of the non-verbal cognition subscale.…”

“…Furthermore, sex-and age-normative data from the test have been recently published making this the only standardized parent completed tool for assessing child development at this age [19]. The questionnaire provides a high test-retest reliability and correlates well with the Mental Development Index (MDI) of the Bayley Scales of Infant Development 2 nd (BSID-II) [17,18] and with the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development 3 rd edition [20,21], as validated with the Dutch version [22]. Except for a validated Italian version of this tool [23], the questionnaire is not available in any other Swiss national languages.…”

Standardisation of the Parent Report of Children's Abilities–Revised (PARCA-R): a norm-referenced assessment of cognitive and language development at age 2 years

“…The standardisation sample was representative of the general population in terms of sex, IMD, and multiple births, however it was not possible to determine representativeness of ethnicity as this was not recorded for 14% of children. Although the proportion of very preterm born children in the standardisation sample was less than in the general population 9 overall, this was only amongst the youngest age groups; the proportion in the oldest age groups matched that of the general population (Table S1, supplementary appendix).…”

“…5 The Parent Report of Children's Abilities-Revised (PARCA-R) 6 is a brief questionnaire that takes 10-15 minutes for parents to complete to assess cognitive and language development at 24 months of age. The PARCA-R has concurrent validity with examiner administered developmental tests [6][7][8][9] and excellent test-retest reliability. 6 Cut-off scores with diagnostic utility for identifying children with moderate to severe developmental delay have also been derived from studies of clinical populations at high risk for developmental disorders.…”