Cognitive aspects of chronic depression.

Riso, Lawrence P.; Toit, Pieter L. du; Blandino, Jaime A.; Penna, Suzanne; Dacey, Sean; Duin, Jason S.; Pacoe, Elizabeth M.; Grant, Merida M.; Ulmer, Christi S.

doi:10.1037/0021-843x.112.1.72

Cited by 129 publications

(97 citation statements)

References 49 publications

(63 reference statements)

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“…The mean rumination score at baseline is consistent with that found in chronic depression 17 . The clinical characteristics indicate that the sample has a high level of co-morbid mental disorders and a history of recurrent depression.…”

Section: Patient Characteristicssupporting

confidence: 77%

“…15,16 This study reports the first Phase II RCT of Rumination-Focused CBT (RFCBT), building on an encouraging multiple baseline case series. 13 We modified CBT to target rumination because rumination: (a) remains elevated after remission from depression; 15,17,18 (b) is associated with less treatment response, 19,20 and (c) prospectively predicts the onset, severity, and duration of depression. 16 The primary aim of our study was to test the hypothesis that RFCBT provides added benefit to treatment-as-usual (TAU) in reducing residual symptoms of depression.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Rumination-focused cognitive behaviour therapy for residual depression: A case series

Watkins

Scott

Wingrove

et al. 2007

Behaviour Research and Therapy

292

193

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Section: Patient Characteristicssupporting

confidence: 77%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Rumination-focused cognitive behaviour therapy for residual depression: A case series

Watkins

Scott

Wingrove

et al. 2007

Behaviour Research and Therapy

292

193

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“…Depression vulnerabilities have generally been studied separately [5, 13, 14]. Depression, however, is heterogeneous in terms of symptoms, onset, maintenance, and treatment response, so it is unlikely that a single vulnerability model will account for all cases [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Depression Vulnerabilities in Patients with Different Levels of Depressive Symptoms after Acute Coronary Syndromes

Rieckmann

Burg

Gerin³

et al. 2006

Psychother Psychosom

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Background: Cognitive, behavioral, and interpersonal vulnerabilities have been studied in patients fulfilling diagnostic criteria for major depression and dysthymia. The extent to which these vulnerabilities are present in cardiac patients with mild to moderate depressive symptoms – a risk factor for mortality – is unknown. Moreover, few studies have examined interrelations among depression vulnerabilities. Methods: A consecutive cohort of 314 patients with acute coronary syndrome completed the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and measures of cognitive, behavioral, and interpersonal vulnerabilities (Dysfunctional Attitudes Scale, Pleasant Events Schedule for the Elderly, Dyadic Adjustment Scale, and an inventory of role transitions) within 1 week of hospital admission. Of the patients, 166 were classified as nondepressed (BDI score, 0–4), 91 as mildly depressed (BDI score, 10–16), and 57 as moderately to severely depressed (BDI score, >16). Results: Compared with nondepressed patients, both mildly depressed and moderately to severely depressed patients exhibited higher mean levels of all vulnerabilities as well as a higher prevalence of more than one elevated vulnerability, defined by threshold scores. Vulnerabilities were only minimally interrelated (r = 0.01–0.25), and they were independently associated with mild and moderate depressive symptom status. Conclusions: This is the first study to show that cognitive, behavioral, and interpersonal depression vulnerabilities are uniquelyassociated with concurrent depressive symptoms. There appeared to be only modest overlap between vulnerabilities, supporting the idea that depression in medically ill patients is a multifaceted phenomenon, even in the presence of minimally elevated depressive symptoms. Longitudinal studies are required before causality and treatment implications can be addressed.

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“…That is, the memory accuracy of negative affective pictures was significantly greater than that of positive affective pictures in the MDD group, but there was no such significant difference found in the HC group. There may be three possible explanations for the mood-congruent memory effect in depressive patients: First, because the maintaining of depressive state is related to increasing negative cognition and contemplation [42,43], the internal concentration of unconscious negative processing would use cognitive resources (particularly the resource of attention). The occupation of these limited resources would affect the processing of positive information, leading to a drop in memory performance on positive emotional information.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emotional Experience and the Mood-Congruent Working Memory Effect in First-Onset and Untreated Depressive Disorder Patients

Li¹,

Lu²

2016

J Psychiatry

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Journal of Psychiatry AbstractUsing an improved Sternberg working memory paradigm and affective pictures of different valences, this study investigates the emotional experience capability of 22 first-onset and untreated major depressive disorder patients (MDD) compared with the matching 22 healthy control participants (HC) and whether there is a moodcongruent working memory effect. We employed a general linear model analysis of variance (ANOVA) with two-factor repeated measures analysis on the emotional experience capability (pupil diameter changes) and the working memory performance (accuracy). The results show that the pupil diameter changes of positive emotions are significantly greater in MDD than those in HC (p<0.001), and the pupil diameter changes of negative emotions are not significantly different between two groups (p=0.055), which suggest that MDD have a significantly decrease in the ability to experience pleasure (anhedonia). In addition, the results only present that the working memory performances of negative emotions are significantly greater in MDD than those of positive emotions (p<0.05), which indicates that there is a mood-congruent memory effect. Moreover, in MDD, a positive correlation is found between the pupil diameter changes and working memory performances of positive emotions, however there is no correlation between those of negative emotions. Taken together, these results suggest that MDD have a moodcongruent memory effect and anhedonia, and the mood-congruent memory effect may be due to the decreased memory performances of positive emotions (a decrease in the ability to experience pleasure), but not those of negative emotions increased. This study not only illustrates that the core symptoms of depressive patients may be a mood-congruent memory effect and anhedonia but also enriches the connotation of anhedonia as an endophenotype indicator.

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Cognitive aspects of chronic depression.

Cited by 129 publications

References 49 publications

Rumination-focused cognitive behaviour therapy for residual depression: A case series

Rumination-focused cognitive behaviour therapy for residual depression: A case series

Depression Vulnerabilities in Patients with Different Levels of Depressive Symptoms after Acute Coronary Syndromes

Emotional Experience and the Mood-Congruent Working Memory Effect in First-Onset and Untreated Depressive Disorder Patients

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