Cognitive aspects of anxiety and depression in the elderly

Beck, J. Gayle

doi:10.1007/s11920-005-0020-9

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 42 publications

(29 reference statements)

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“…A smaller amygdala size was associated with enhanced anxiety-like behaviors (Irle, et al, 2009, Weniger, et al, 2008, Weniger, et al, 2009). Particularly with the elderly, enhanced anxiety has been linked to a decrease in cognitive function as well as increase in morbidity (Beck, 2005, Castaneda, et al, 2008, Jackson, et al, 2009). The neurobiological pathways of anxiety are not fully understood; however, the muscarinic receptor system appears to play a role in regulating measures of anxiety, especially in woman (Furey, et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measures of anxiety, amygdala volumes, and hippocampal scopolamine phMRI response in elderly female rhesus macaques

Haley¹,

McGuire²,

Berteau-Pavy³

et al. 2012

Neuropharmacology

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In nonhuman primates, anxiety levels are typically assessed by observing social hierarchies or behavior in an intruder task. As measures of anxiety might influence performance on a particular cognitive task, it is important to analyze these measures in the same room as used for the cognitive task. As we use a playroom for the spatial maze test, we classified elderly female rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) monkeys, as bold or reserved monkeys based on the time spent in specific areas of this room. Based on their exploratory behavior in the playroom, bold monkeys were defined as animals that spent 20% more time in the unprotected areas of the room than in the protected areas, whereas reserved monkeys spent a comparable amount of time in both areas. MRI analyses showed that reserved monkeys had a smaller amygdala compared to bold monkeys but there were no group differences in hippocampal volumes. In addition, the amount of time spent in the corners of the room was negatively correlated with the right and total amygdala size. Finally, reserved monkeys showed a lower phMRI response to the muscarinic receptor antagonist scopolamine compared to the bold monkeys. Thus, in elderly female nonhuman primates measures of anxiety are associated with structural amygdala differences and hippocampal muscarinic receptor function.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measures of anxiety, amygdala volumes, and hippocampal scopolamine phMRI response in elderly female rhesus macaques

Haley¹,

McGuire²,

Berteau-Pavy³

et al. 2012

Neuropharmacology

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“…Behavioural approaches theorise that learned maladaptive behaviours can contribute to the cause of depression, and operant conditioning of behaviour reduces depression (Ekers, & Gilbody, 2008). Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) emerged in the 1960s and posited that dysfunctional thinking results in affective and behavioural disturbances related to depression (Beck, 2005). CBT has some evidence to support clinical efficacy in adults (Frazer, Christensen, & Griffiths, 2005;Butler, Chapman, Forman, & Beck, 2006;Wilson, Mottram, & Vassilas, 2008).…”

Section: Psychological Therapies To Prevent and Treat Depression In Tmentioning

confidence: 99%

Translating stepped psychological care to aphasia rehabilitation

Baker¹

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Stroke rehabilitation needs more psychological services to address mood changes and depression after aphasia. An evidence-practice gap exists that can be minimised through implementation of stepped psychological care-an evidence-based framework offering multidisciplinary intervention after stroke. However, stepped psychological care has not been adapted for the communication disability associated with aphasia. Further, there is a lack of research exploring the perspectives of key stakeholders in managing depression after post-stroke aphasia. The overarching aim of this research was to describe the evidence-practice gap in managing mood changes and depression after post-stroke aphasia. Chapter one of this thesis comprises: an introduction, including a review of the literature, the aims of the thesis, and an overview of the methodology and the thesis structure. The thesis then reports on three research studies investigating the management of mood changes and depression after poststroke aphasia: 1) a systematic review of rehabilitation interventions to prevent and treat depression after post-stroke aphasia; 2) a description, from the perspective of stroke health professionals, of: a) current practice; and b) the identification of barriers and facilitators to implementing stepped psychological care to clinical practice; and 3) a description, from the perspective of people with aphasia, of: a) experiences of mood changes, depression and current practice; and b) preferences within a stepped psychological care approach. Study 1 systematically reviewed the research evidence for rehabilitation interventions to prevent and treat depression after post-stroke aphasia. It followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. A total of 45 studies were eligible for inclusion. It is not clear which interventions may prevent depression. A range of interventions that may enhance mood or treat mild depression after post-stroke aphasia were identified and described within the stepped psychological care framework. Study 2 described, from the perspectives of stroke health professionals: a) current practice for the management of depression after post-stroke aphasia; and b) the barriers and facilitators to implementing stepped psychological care for depression after post-stroke aphasia. Thirty-nine stroke health professionals participated in qualitative focus groups. Five focus groups within acute, rehabilitation and community settings were divided into two parts: 1) a discussion about current practice; and 2) information provision about the stepped psychological care framework, followed by a discussion of the barriers and facilitators to implementing this framework to clinical practice. Four core components of current practice were derived from an interpretive description analysis: 1)

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