Cognitive and personality determinants of safe driving performance in professional drivers

Vetter, Marco; Schünemann, Alexander Leonard; Brieber, David; Debelak, Rudolf; Gatscha, Michael; Grünsteidel, Franziska; Herle, M; Mandler, Georg; Ortner, Tuulia M.

doi:10.1016/j.trf.2017.11.008

Cited by 21 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The authors found that emotional stability was the main variable among others personality traits (e.g., sensation seeking, social responsibility, and self-control) significantly associated with on-road driving performance. Vetter et al [ 78 ] showed that social responsibility was the only personality trait that significantly predicted the driving performance in a sample of professional drivers. It seems that in professional drivers, emotional stability is not the main predictor of the measures of driving performance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Finally, a high level of self-control was found to be a significant predictor of higher motor speed. Vetter et al [ 78 ] found a similar effect of social responsibility on cognitive prerequisites of the fitness to drive in a sample of professional drivers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…Significant results are expected for an inverse relationship of aggressiveness, psychoticism, and neuroticism on measures of the fitness to drive [ 30 , 31 , 32 , 84 ]. In light of previous studies that employed the IVPE [ 5 , 77 , 78 ], it was hypothesized that (a) sensation seeking would negatively affect all prerequisites of driving fitness due to a decreased ability to adapt responses to the task’s demands [ 106 ] and (b) social responsibility, emotional stability, and self-control would positively affect resilience of attention, motor and reaction speed, and perceptual speed independently of age and gender [ 5 , 77 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Impact of Two MMPI-2-Based Models of Personality in Predicting Driving Behavior. Can Demographic Variables Be Disregarded?

Tinella¹,

Caffò²,

Lopez³

et al. 2021

Brain Sciences

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The driver’s personality is a key human factor for the assessment of the fitness to drive (FTD), affecting driving decisions and behavior, with consequences on driving safety. No previous study has investigated the effectiveness of Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)-2 scales for predicting the FTD. The present study aimed to compare two MMPI-2-based models of normal and pathological personality traits (i.e., Inventory of Driving-related Personality Traits (IVPE)-MMPI vs. Personality Psychopathology Five (PSY-5) scale) in predicting the cognitive FTD. One hundred young and eighty-seven adult active drivers completed the MMPI-2 questionnaire as a measure of personality and a computerized driving task measuring for resilience of attention (Determination Test (DT)), reaction speed (Reaction Test (RS)), motor speed (MS), and perceptual speed (Adaptive Tachistoscopic Traffic Perception Test (ATAVT)). The effects of age, gender, and education were also controlled. Results showed that the models controlled for demographics overperformed those neglecting them for each driving outcome. A negative effect of age was found on each driving task; the effect of gender, favoring males, was found in both the RS and the MS, and the effect of education was found on the DT and the ATAVT. Concerning personality traits, significant effects were found of sensation seeking (IVPE-MMPI) on each outcome; of anxiety (as a measure of emotional instability; IVPE-MMPI) and introversion (PSY-5) on the measures of MT; and of psychopathic deviation (as a measure of self-control; IVPEMMPI) on the DT. The study confirmed the key role of demographic factors in influencing the FTD, further suggesting the usefulness of some MMPI2-based personality scales in the assessment of driving-related personality determinants.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The Impact of Two MMPI-2-Based Models of Personality in Predicting Driving Behavior. Can Demographic Variables Be Disregarded?

Tinella¹,

Caffò²,

Lopez³

et al. 2021

Brain Sciences

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Both measures of self-based and object-based spatial mental transformation significantly predicted traffic stress resilience. Although a number of scholars have underlined the key role of visuospatial abilities in fitness-to-drive ( Ball and Owsley, 1993 ; Sommer et al, 2008 ; Ranchet et al, 2012 ; Vetter et al, 2018 ), measures of spatial mental transformation abilities were scarcely accounted for in these studies. Several tools were used to assess the relationship between visuo-spatial functioning and driving performance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The ATAVT test is described as a measure of an individual’s visual attention, visual perception, and perceptive speed that are considered valid predictors of crash involvements (e.g., Sims et al, 1998 ) and accident rates (e.g., Owsley et al, 1994 ), especially in older drivers. For example, Vetter et al (2018) demonstrated the high predictive value of the ATAVT test on measures of on-road-driving performance in a sample of experienced professional drivers. A recent review highlighted the detrimental effect of aging on visual perception ( Woutersen et al, 2017 ), also showing neurophysiological evidence that older drivers are more prone to deeply process irrelevant stimuli ( Hahn et al, 2013 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial Mental Transformation Skills Discriminate Fitness to Drive in Young and Old Adults

et al. 2020

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Literature on driving research suggests a relationship between cognition and driving performance in older and younger drivers. There is little research on adults and driving, despite them being the largest age cohort behind the wheel. Among the cognitive domains, visuospatial abilities are expected to be highly predictive of driving skills and driving fitness. The relationship between specific spatial mental transformation skills (i.e., object and self-based ones) and driving performance has not yet been examined. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between overall cognitive functioning, self and object-based spatial mental transformation skills, and driving performance in a sample of younger and older adult drivers. Participants were comprised of one hundred younger and 83 older adult Italian drivers. Participants completed a computerized driving test assessing traffic stress resilience, visual and motor reaction time, and the ability to obtain an overview of the traffic scenario (DT, vRT, mRT, and ATAV respectively in the Shufried®-Vienna Test System–DRIVESC). The Mental Rotation Test (MRT) and the Object Perspective Taking Test (OPT) were administered in order to assess object-based and self-based spatial mental transformation skills. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment Test (MoCA) was administered control for global cognitive functioning. The effects of education and gender were also controlled in the analysis. The results of the present study suggested that: (1) The effect of age, favoring younger participants, was found in DT, vRT, mRT, and ATAVT tests. (2) The effect of global cognitive functioning was found in DT and ATAV tests. (3) The effect of the spatial mental transformation tests was found in DT, vRT (MRT only), and ATAVT (OPT only) tests. Taken together, these results suggest the specific contribution of spatial mental transformation skills in the execution of complex behaviors connected to the fitness to drive. Prospectively, the results of the present study relating spatial mental transformation skills and driving processes may be a valuable source of knowledge for researchers dealing with the relationship between cognitive resources and navigation aids.

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How well do the traffic psychological assessment systems predict on‐road driving behaviour?

Kaça

Izmitligil

Koyuncu

et al. 2021

Applied Cognitive Psychology

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This study aims to investigate the predictive validities of three different traffic psychological assessment systems used in Turkey (ART 2020, TRAFIKENT and Vienna Test System) by using systematic observation of driving behaviour in natural traffic settings. For this purpose, 176 drivers were evaluated by observers and then tested in three different traffic psychological assessment systems. Drivers participated in a 45 km (approx. 80 min) driving session consisting of diverse road types. Observers filled systematic observation forms comprising 35 errors/violations on 10 road segments. Furthermore, observers evaluated participants regarding cognitive and psychomotor abilities measured with the psychological assessment system. Consequently, although the systems' power to predict on‐road behaviour was similar, the tests/abilities that contributed to the models differed in each system except for the reasoning test. It was recommended to increase the weight of these predictive tests in deciding safe driving for each system.

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Cognitive and personality determinants of safe driving performance in professional drivers

Cited by 21 publications

References 18 publications

The Impact of Two MMPI-2-Based Models of Personality in Predicting Driving Behavior. Can Demographic Variables Be Disregarded?

The Impact of Two MMPI-2-Based Models of Personality in Predicting Driving Behavior. Can Demographic Variables Be Disregarded?

Spatial Mental Transformation Skills Discriminate Fitness to Drive in Young and Old Adults

How well do the traffic psychological assessment systems predict on‐road driving behaviour?

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