Cognitive and hormonal regulation of appetite for food presented in the olfactory and visual modalities

Janet, Remi; Fournel, Arnaud; Fouillen, Mélodie; Derrington, Edmund; Corgnet, Brice; Bensafi, Moustafa; Dreher, Jean‐Claude

doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2021.117811

Cited by 16 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…These studies applied different designs, such as administering a caloric load (Kroemer et al, 2013; Sun et al, 2014), or inducing caloric restriction for a prolonged period of time (Jakobsdottir et al, 2016). One study asked participants to either distance themselves or indulge on the images presented during a food cue reactivity task (Janet et al, 2021). Furthermore, two studies in healthy participants also reported negative associations with ghrelin (Iven et al, 2019; Jakobsdottir et al, 2016).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

How gut hormones shape reward: a systematic review of the role of ghrelin and GLP-1 in human fMRI

Schulz

Vezzani

Kroemer

2022

Preprint

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The gastrointestinal hormones ghrelin and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) have opposite secretion patterns, as well as opposite effects on metabolism and food intake. Beyond their role in energy homeostasis, gastrointestinal hormones have also been suggested to modulate the reward system. However, the potential of ghrelin and GLP-1 to modulate reward responses in humans has not been systematically reviewed before. To evaluate the convergence of published results, we first conduct a multi-level kernel density meta-analysis of studies reporting a positive association of ghrelin (Ncomb = 353, 18 contrasts) and a negative association of GLP-1 (Ncomb = 258, 12 contrasts) and reward responses measured using task functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Second, we complement the meta-analysis using a systematic literature review, focusing on distinct reward phases and applications in clinical populations that may account for variability across studies. In line with preclinical research, we find that ghrelin increases reward responses across studies in key nodes of the motivational circuit, such as the nucleus accumbens, pallidum, putamen, substantia nigra, ventral tegmental area, and the dorsal mid insula. In contrast, for GLP-1, we did not find sufficient convergence in support of reduced reward responses. Instead, our systematic review identifies potential differences of GLP-1 on anticipatory versus consummatory reward responses. Based on a systematic synthesis of available findings, we conclude that there is considerable support for the neuromodulatory potential of gut-based circulating peptides on reward responses. To unlock their potential for clinical applications, future studies may move beyond anticipated rewards to cover other reward facets.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

How gut hormones shape reward: a systematic review of the role of ghrelin and GLP-1 in human fMRI

Schulz

Vezzani

Kroemer

2022

Preprint

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“…Especially, complex cognitive sensory integration tasks as experiencing ambiguous olfactory-visual stimuli recruits the medial superior FG [58]. It downregulated the cognitive valuation of olfactory-visual-food stimuli [81]. At this distinct area, strong dose-dependent insulin effects were already reported in a resting-state fMRI experiment [41].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elevated Insulin Levels Engage the Salience Network during Multisensory Perception

Schumann,

Rodriguez-Raecke,

Sijben

et al. 2023

Neuroendocrinology

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Introduction: Brain insulin reactivity has been reported in connection with systematic energy metabolism, enhancement in cognition, olfactory sensitivity, and neuroendocrine circuits. High receptor densities exist in regions important for sensory processing. The main aim of the study was to examine whether intranasal insulin would modulate the activity of areas in charge of olfactory-visual integration. Methods: As approach, a placebo-controlled double-blind within crossover design was chosen. The experiments were conducted in a research unit of a university hospital. On separate mornings, twenty-six healthy normal-weight males aged between 19 and 31 years received either 40 IU intranasal insulin or placebo vehicle. Subsequently, they underwent 65 min of functional magnetic resonance imaging whilst performing an odor identification task. Functional brain activations of olfactory, visual, and multisensory integration as well as insulin versus placebo were assessed. Regarding the odor identification task, reaction time, accuracy, pleasantness, and intensity measurements were taken to examine the role of integration and treatment. Blood samples were drawn to control for peripheral hormone concentrations. Results: Intranasal insulin administration during olfactory-visual stimulation revealed strong bilateral engagement of frontoinsular cortices, anterior cingulate, prefrontal cortex, mediodorsal thalamus, striatal, and hippocampal regions (p ≤ 0.001 familywise error [FWE] corrected). In addition, the integration contrast showed increased activity in left intraparietal sulcus, left inferior frontal gyrus, left superior frontal gyrus, and left middle frontal gyrus (p ≤ 0.013 FWE corrected). Conclusions: Intranasal insulin application in lean men led to enhanced activation in multisensory olfactory-visual integration sites and salience hubs which indicates stimuli valuation modulation. This effect can serve as a basis for understanding the connection of intracerebral insulin and olfactory-visual processing.

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“…However, even if dysphagia-adjusted diets, such as kizami or paste diets, are suitable for the remaining swallowing functions, these dysphagia-adjusted diets do not maintain the original food form and may decrease the patient’s desire to eat ( 61 ). Sight and smell control appetite ( 62 ). Other laboratories reported that the arrangement of coloring, smell, and flavor could increase food intake and improve nutritional status, while dysphagia-adjusted diets serve as food form ( 63 – 65 ).…”

Section: Swallowing and Food Formsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The importance of taste on swallowing function

Okubo,

Morishita,

Odani

et al. 2024

Front. Nutr.

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The world’s population is aging. Pneumonia is the leading cause of death among the older adults, with aspiration pneumonia being particularly common. Aspiration pneumonia is caused by a decline in swallowing function. Causes can include age-related sarcopenia of swallowing muscles, cognitive decline, cerebrovascular and other diseases or even changes in individual taste preference. Currently, the main treatment approach for dysphagia is resistance training of swallowing-related muscles. This approach has not been effective and establishment of novel methods are required. In this review, we introduce and discuss the relationship between taste, taste preference, carbonation and swallowing function. Taste and preference improve swallowing function. Recently, it has been shown that a carbonated beverage that combines the functionality of a thickening agent, the appeal of taste, and the stimulation of carbonation improves swallowing function. This may be very useful in the recovery of swallowing function. It is important to note that deliciousness is based not only on taste and preference, but also on visual information such as food form. Umami taste receptors are expressed not only in taste buds but also in skeletal muscle and small intestine. These receptors may be involved in homeostasis of the amino acid metabolic network, i.e., the process of amino acid ingestion, intestine absorption, and storage in skeletal muscle. Proper stimulation of umami receptors in organs other than taste buds may help maintain nutritional status and muscle mass. Umami receptors are therefore a potential therapeutic target for dysphagia.

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Cognitive and hormonal regulation of appetite for food presented in the olfactory and visual modalities

Cited by 16 publications

References 67 publications

How gut hormones shape reward: a systematic review of the role of ghrelin and GLP-1 in human fMRI

How gut hormones shape reward: a systematic review of the role of ghrelin and GLP-1 in human fMRI

Elevated Insulin Levels Engage the Salience Network during Multisensory Perception

The importance of taste on swallowing function

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